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Mutation Update for the PORCN Gene

Mutations in the PORCN gene were first identified in Goltz-Gorlin syndrome patients in 2007. Since then, several reports have been published describing a large variety of genetic defects resulting in the Goltz-Gorlin syndrome, and mutations or deletions were also reported in angioma serpiginosum, the pentalogy of Cantrell and Limb-Body Wall Complex. Here we present a review of the published mutati

Transient biochar effects on decomposer microbial growth rates: evidence from two agricultural case-studies

We investigated the impact of biochar application on fungal (acetate incorporation into ergosterol) and bacterial (leucine incorporation) growth rates in two case studies: a temperate UK pasture soil and a Mediterranean Australian agricultural soil. We added biochar at similar rates per unit of soil organic carbon (SOC) and monitored both the immediate (after 1week equilibration) and longer-term (

The International Proteomics Tutorial Programme (IPTP):A teaching tool box for the proteomics community.

The most critical functions of the various proteomics organisations are the training of young scientists and the dissemination of information to the general scientific community. The education committees of the Human Proteome Organisation (HUPO) and the European Proteomics Association (EuPA) together with their national counterparts are therefore launching the International Proteomics Tutorial Pro

Plasma concentrations of apolipoproteins A-I, B, and M in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Objectives: Apolipoproteins play important roles in the development of atherosclerosis but their involvement in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is poorly understood. The aim was to investigate whether apoA-I, apoB and apoM are independently associated with AAA. Design and methods: Plasma apoA-I, apoB and apoM were measured in 343 patients with AAA and in 214 elderly apparently

Low expression and secretion of circulating soluble CTLA-4 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and sera from type 1 diabetic children

Background High levels of soluble cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (soluble CTLA-4), an alternative splice form of the regulatory T-cell (Treg) associated CTLA-4 gene, have been associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other autoimmune diseases, such as Grave's disease and myasthenia gravis. At the same time, studies have shown soluble CTLA-4 to inhibit T-cell activation through B7 binding. This

Hypoxic induction of vascular endothelial growth factor regulates erythropoiesis but not hematopoietic stem cell function in the fetal liver.

Hypoxia is an important factor in the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche in the bone marrow, but whether it also plays a role in the regulation of fetal liver (FL) HSCs is unclear. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) is essential for adult HSC survival, and hypoxic induction of VEGFA in adult HSCs is required for proper function. Loss of hypoxia-regulated VEGFA expression increases the n

Association of LRRK2 exonic variants with susceptibility to Parkinson's disease: a case-control study

Background The leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2) harbours highly penetrant mutations that are linked to familial parkinsonism. However, the extent of its polymorphic variability in relation to risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) has not been assessed systematically. We therefore assessed the frequency of LRRK2 exonic variants in individuals with and without PD, to investigate the role of the

The probability of patients being admitted from the emergency department is negatively correlated to in-hospital bed occupancy - a registry study.

The association between emergency department (ED) overcrowding and poor patient outcomes is well described, with recent work suggesting that the phenomenon causes delays in time-sensitive interventions, such as resuscitation. Even though most researchers agree on the fact that admitted patients boarding in the ED is a major contributing factor to ED overcrowding, little work explicitly addresses w

The European treatment of severe atopic eczema in children taskforce (TREAT) survey

BackgroundThere is a paucity of evidence for the use of systemic agents in children with atopic eczema refractory to conventional therapy, resulting in considerable variation in patient management. ObjectivesThe European TREatment of severe Atopic eczema in children Taskforce (TREAT) survey was established to collect data on current prescribing practice, to identify factors influencing the use of

Involvement of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Amyloid-β 1-42-Induced Shedding of the Pericyte Proteoglycan NG2.

Deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) 1-42, the major component of senile plaques characteristic of Alzheimer disease, affects brain microvascular integrity and causes blood-brain barrier dysfunction, increased angiogenesis, and pericyte degeneration. To understand the cellular events underlying Aβ1-42 effects on microvascular alterations, we investigated whether different aggregation forms of Aβ1-42 affec

Translational approach for gene therapy in epilepsy: Model system and unilateral overexpression of neuropeptide Y and Y2 receptors.

Although novel treatment strategies based on the gene therapy approach for epilepsy has been encouraging, there is still a gap in demonstrating a proof-of-concept in a clinically relevant animal model and study design. In the present study, a conceptually novel framework reflecting a plausible clinical trial for gene therapy of temporal lobe epilepsy was explored: We investigated (i) whether the p

The genetic structure of Borrelia afzelii varies with geographic but not ecological sampling scale.

The genetic structure of a pathogen is an important determinant of its potential rate of adaptation and can thereby influence the dynamics of host-parasite interactions. We investigated how the genetic structure of Borrelia afzelii varies with geographic and ecological sampling scale. Genetic structure was measured as the degree of linkage disequilibrium (LD) across three loci. To test for the eff

Complement Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Biomarker Endophenotypes of Alzheimer's Disease

The complement system has been implicated in both physiological synapse elimination and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we investigated associations between four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in complement genes and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for AD in 452 neurochemically or neuropathologically verified AD cases and 678 cognitively normal controls. None of the SNPs were associat

Combined anaerobic-ozonation process for treatment of textile wastewater: Removal of acute toxicity and mutagenicity.

A novel set up composed of an anaerobic biofilm reactor followed by ozonation was used for treatment of artificial and real textile effluents containing azo dyes. The biological treatment efficiently removed chemical oxygen demand and color. Ozonation further reduced the organic content of the effluents and was very important for the degradation of aromatic compounds, as shown by the reduction of

Association between occupation and knee and hip replacement due to osteoarthritis: a case-control study

Introduction: The objective of this study was to examine the association between occupation and osteoarthritis (OA) leading to total knee (TKR) or hip (THR) joint replacement. Methods: The following is the case-control study design. All patients still living in Iceland who had had a TKR or THR due to OA as of the end of 2002 were invited to participate. First degree relatives of participating pati

The Fc gamma receptor IIa R131H polymorphism is associated with inhibitor development in severe hemophilia A

Background: The development of factor (F) VIII neutralizing alloantibodies (inhibitors) is a major complication of treatment with FVIII concentrates in hemophilia A and the etiology is still poorly understood. The low-affinity Fc gamma receptors (Fc gamma R), which are expressed on immune cells, provide an important link between cellular and humoral immunity by interacting with IgG subtypes. Genet

Frequent somatic transfer of mitochondrial DNA into the nuclear genome of human cancer cells.

Mitochondrial genomes are separated from the nuclear genome for most of the cell cycle by the nuclear double membrane, intervening cytoplasm, and the mitochondrial double membrane. Despite these physical barriers, we show that somatically acquired mitochondrial-nuclear genome fusion sequences are present in cancer cells. Most occur in conjunction with intranuclear genomic rearrangements, and the f

A combined approach to microstructure mapping of an Al-Li AA2199 friction stir weld

A wide range of complementary techniques are used to build up a detailed picture of the microstructural zones found in friction stir welds (FSW) in an advanced AA2199 Al-Li alloy. Neutron and synchrotron X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, small angle X-ray scattering, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and hard