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Identifying urban sources as cause of elevated grass pollen concentrations using GIS and remote sensing

We examine here the hypothesis that during flowering, the grass pollen concentrations at a specific site reflect the distribution of grass pollen sources within a few kilometres of this site. We perform this analysis on data from a measurement campaign in the city of Aarhus (Denmark) using three pollen traps and by comparing these observations with a novel inventory of grass pollen sources. The so

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of bladder cancer in the EPIC cohort study

There is growing evidence of the protective role of the Mediterranean diet (MD) on cancer. However, to date no epidemiological study has investigated the influence of the MD on bladder cancer. We evaluated the association between adherence to the MD and risk of urothelial cell bladder cancer (UCC), according to tumor aggressiveness, in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutriti

Organizational discourse analysis - well done or too rare? A reply to our critics

In this article we respond to Bargiela-Chiappini, Iedema and Mumby.We notice that there is considerable agreement concerning the state of the art of organizational discourse analysis, while also discussing the disagreements. We expand on some of the ontological issues inherent in our argument, further discuss the character of reductionism in organizational discourse analysis, the trappings of a pr

Intratumorally implanted mesenchymal stromal cells potentiate peripheral immunotherapy against malignant rat gliomas.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) target glioma extensions and micro-satellites efficiently when implanted intratumorally. Here, we report that intratumoral implantation of MSCs and peripheral immunotherapy with interferon-gamma (IFNγ) producing tumor cells improve the survival of glioma-bearing rats (54% cure rate) compared to MSC alone (0% cure rate) or immunotherapy alone (21

Endangered subspecies of the Reed Bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus witherbyi and E. s. lusitanica) in Iberian Peninsula have different genetic structures.

In the Iberian Peninsula, populations of two subspecies of the Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus have become increasingly fragmented during the last decades when suitable habitats have been lost and/or the popula- tions have gone extinct. Presently, both subspecies are endangered. We estimated the amount of genetic variation and population structure in order to define conservation units and manage

Connect the Dots: Managing the Fragmentation of Global Climate Governance

The debate about post-2012 global climate governance has been framed largely by proponents and opponents of the policymaking process established by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). In light of the proliferation of institutions governing some aspects of climate change, analysts have asked whether a centralized or a polycentric climate governance architecture will

Night sky orientation with diurnal and nocturnal eyes: dim-light adaptations are critical when the moon is out of sight

The visual systems of many animals feature energetically costly specializations to enable them to function in dim light. It is often unclear, however, how large the behavioural benefit of these specializations is, because a direct comparison in a behaviourally relevant task between closely related day- and night-active species is not usually possible. Here we compared the orientation performance o

Dietary Intakes of Individual Flavanols and Flavonols Are Inversely Associated with Incident Type 2 Diabetes in European Populations

Dietary flavanols and flavonols, flavonoid subclasses, have been recently associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Europe. Even within the same subclass, flavonoids may differ considerably in bioavailability and bioactivity. We aimed to examine the association between individual flavanol and flavonol intakes and risk of developing T2D across European countries. The European Prospec

Effects of aluminum on epitaxial graphene grown on C-face SiC

The effects of Al layers deposited on graphene grown on C-face SiC substrates are investigated before and after subsequent annealing using low energy electron diffraction (LEED), photoelectron spectroscopy, and angle resolved photoemission. As-deposited layers appear inert. Annealing at a temperature of about 400 degrees C initiates migration of Al through the graphene into the graphene/SiC interf

Solution electrostatics beyond pH: a coarse grained approach to ion specific interactions between macromolecules

Oblivious to ion specificity, pH has been a key parameter for macromolecular solutions for little more than a century. We here widen the concept by describing the ionization of macromolecules not only via pH, but also pX where X are other binding species. Using binding constants, measured by NMR, of chloride and thiocyanate to amino acid motifs on g-crystallin, we calculate i) titration curves as

Glucagon-early breakthroughs and recent discoveries.

Glucagon was discovered in 1922 as a hyperglycemic factor in the pancreas. During its early history up to 1970, glucagon was shown to increase circulating glucose through stimulating glycogenolysis in the liver. It was also shown to be a constituent of islet non-ß cells and to signal through G protein coupled receptors and cyclic AMP. Furthermore, its chemical characteristics, including amino acid

B cell activation by outer membrane vesicles--a novel virulence mechanism.

Secretion of outer membrane vesicles (OMV) is an intriguing phenomenon of Gram-negative bacteria and has been suggested to play a role as virulence factors. The respiratory pathogens Moraxella catarrhalis reside in tonsils adjacent to B cells, and we have previously shown that M. catarrhalis induce a T cell independent B cell response by the immunoglobulin (Ig) D-binding superantigen MID. Here we

Verification of motion induced thread effect during tomotherapy using gel dosimetry

The purpose of the study was to evaluate how breathing motion during tomotherapy (Accuray, CA, USA) treatment affects the absorbed dose distribution. The experiments were carried out using gel dosimetry and a motion device simulating respiratory-like motion (HexaMotion, ScandiDos, Uppsala, Sweden). Normoxic polyacrylamide gels (nPAG) were irradiated, both during respiratory-like motion and in a st

The Regress of Pure Powers Revisited

The paper aims to elucidate in better detail than before the dispute about whether or not dispositional monism—the view that all basic properties are pure powers—entails a vicious infinite regress. Particular focus is on Alexander Bird’s and George Molnar’s attempts to show that the arguments professing to demonstrate a vicious regress are inconclusive because they presuppose what they aim to prov

The potential impact of new diagnostic criteria on the frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus in Sweden.

The International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) has suggested new diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus. Many centers in Europe still use the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. In southern Sweden we use the 2-h threshold of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes criteria based on universal screening with a 75-g oral glucose tolerance

Do EPA Administrators Recommend Environmental Policies That Citizens Want?

We investigate whether Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) administrator recommendations regarding improvements in environmental quality differ from citizen preferences. This is done by conducting identical choice experiments on both citizens and administrators at the EPA. The administrators were asked to choose the alternatives they would recommend as a policy, while the citizens were a