“Is there a Nordic block, complete with a Nordic economic model and a special kind of Nordic welfare? Nordic collective security? Nordic values, Nordic sex, Nordic gloom? Undeniably the Nordic countries—the Scandinavian trio of Sweden, Denmark and Norway, plus Finland on the eastern flank and Iceland far north-west in the Atlantic—have a great many things in common. And undeniably the lure of the

Nucleic acids have many unique structural features that offer reliable means of recognizing and monitoring many compounds of medical or environmental importance. In recent years, there has been an enormous increase in the use of nucleic acids as a tool to determine the chemical compounds of environmental and clinical interest and the major research activities in these areas have been directed towa

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Den socialdemokratiske politikern och författaren Atos Wirtanen var under Finlands fortsättningskrig engagerad i att rädda de judiska flyktingar som fanns i Finland. Artikeln beskriver och analyserar detta engagemang och frågar sig vad det var som drev Wirtanen i denna kamp.

Popular Abstract in English The work described in this thesis is in the field of industrial biotechnology, which can be defined as a branch of biotechnology aimed at sustainable production of chemicals, materials and fuels with the help of microorganisms. Microorganisms are very diverse and possess a wide variety of enzymes allowing them to transform inexpensive molecules into valuable ones, or toBaker’s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae’s potential in industrial biotechnology for producing valuable products e.g. biofuels, bulk chemicals, bio-flavours and pharmaceuticals is established. In order to achieve efficient production, the intracellular balance of the NADH/NAD + redox couple must be monitored and maintained, as this influences the feasibility of over 100 reactions in the cell. My ap

The development of biological reactors for the treatment of toxic and recalcitrant organic pollutants is a complex task. Firstly, microbial inoculation, acclimation and selection must be optimized to provide the best microflora possible. Secondly, innovative technologies must be developed to overcome the intrinsic low degradation rates of hardly-degradable pollutants in order to allow short treatm

Popular Abstract in Swedish Med hjälp av tekniker för att deponera enkristallina material i ytterst tunna skikt kan lågdimensionella strukturer i exempelvis halvledarmaterial åstadkommas. Karakteristiskt för lågdimensionella strukturer är att tjockleken hos enskilda skikt ligger i samma storleksordning som elektronernas de-Broglie våglängd. Som en följd av detta kan tydliga kvantmekaniska fenomen Metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy is used for growth of low-dimensional III-V semiconductor structures. The roughness of heterointerfaces in GaAs/GaInP quantum well structures is studied by photoluminescence emission from extremely narrow quantum wells. Results obtained for GaAs/GaInP quantum wells are compared to the more thoroughly investigated GaInAs/InP material combination. The potential of u

In this paper we present a new class of MAC protocols for wireless LANs based on sharing of transmission intentions. We develop an example protocol implementation based on distributed, co-operative scheduling of data frames. Sched- ules are non-binding, requiring minimal negotiation between nodes. The protocol is implemented on top of standard 802.11 so that backwards compatibility with legacy nod

Electrical machine production is a multi-disciplinary area, comprising traditional mechanical processes such as sheet metal cutting, chemical processes for insulation and electrical for the working principles. In manufacturing, high throughput automation of coilwinding and sheet-cutting is combined with complex assembly, such as slotting the coils, often performed manually, but with increasing int

In insect species characterized by inbreeding, limited dispersal, and a metapopulation structure, high genetic differentiation and reduced genetic diversity within local populations are expected. Using the model system Lysiphlebus hirticornis Mackauer, a specialist parasitoid of the tansy aphid, Metopeurum fuscoviride Stroyan (Hemiptera: Aphididae), we examined within-site temporal population dyna

This paper presents the findings from a design study of a model-based framework for safety-critical software development, called SimPal. The objective of the study was to better understand the necessary properties of such a framework and to learn more about the challenges of realizing it. Our research approach can be labeled as design research, which means that we try to answer our research questi

We have successfully embedded a metal gate in-between two resonant tunneling double barrier heterostructures (RTD), thus realizing a three dimensional resonant tunneling transistor. The gate is placed 30 nm above and 100 below the two RTD's, respectively. The asymmetric gate allows for a unique control of the current-voltage characteristics, not only controlling the peak current but also the peak