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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Family history of bladder cancer is a known risk factor for bladder cancer but new data have emerged on the influence of a family history of other tumours than bladder cancer. Recent data have shown that family history influences survival of bladder cancer. Gene identification has been successful particularly on low-risk genes influencing susceptibility and prognosis. RECENT FIN
Formaldehyde is a well-known contact sensitizer. Formaldehyde releasers are widely used preservatives in cosmetics.
Objective: To study the effects of different doses of platelet activating factor receptor antagonist WEB 2170 on animal survival, haemodynamics, reperfusion and ultrastructural changes in the ischaemic liver in rats undergoing 90-min total hepatic inflow interruption (THII). Design: Sixty-five rats were divided into five groups. All animals underwent 90-min THII. Group 1 served as controls. Group
Pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor (PHAT) is a rare soft tissue tumor of intermediate malignancy and uncertain cellular origin and lineage of differentiation. Although PHAT is still poorly characterized at the genetic level, there is a potential genetic overlap with two other soft tissue tumors: myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma (MIFS) and hemosiderotic fibrolipomatous tumor (HFLT); MIF
Despite intense efforts to develop radiotracers to detect cancers or monitor treatment response, few are widely used as a result of challenges with demonstrating clear clinical use. We reasoned that a radiotracer targeting a validated clinical biomarker could more clearly assess the advantages of imaging cancer. The virtues and shortcomings of measuring secreted prostate-specific antigen (PSA), an
Abstract in UndeterminedBackground: The current management guidelines for pediatric mild head injury (MHI) liberally recommend computed tomography (CT) and frequent admission. Serum protein S100B, currently used in management of adult head injury, has recently shown potential for reducing unnecessary CT scans after pediatric mild head injury. Capillary sampling in children is commonly used when ve
As it is unclear if hereditary factors affect breast cancer survival, this was compared using fertility and cancer registry data, among all women so diagnosed during 1961-1999 in Sweden, having a child with childhood cancer (
Introduction. Rho kinases (ROKs) cause calcium-independent modulation of smooth muscle contraction. A significant role for the RhoA/ROK pathway in mediating the contraction of the penile erectile tissue has been suggested. Moreover, it has been postulated that ROK activity might represent a key factor in the pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction. Up until today, little is known on the significan
MicroRNAs are central players in the control of insulin secretion, but their transcriptional regulation is poorly understood. Our aim was to investigate cAMP-mediated transcriptional regulation of the miR-212/miR-132 cluster and involvement of further upstream proteins in insulin secreting β-cells. cAMP induced by forskolin+IBMX or GLP-1 caused increased expression of miR-212/miR-132, and elevated
Three circuits, two dividers and one accumulator, using the true single phase clocking (TSPC) technique were constructed in a partially scaled 0.1 µm CMOS process. In the paper, the device model and the circuit design are described, and simulation and measurement results are given. Multigigahertz working frequencies are demonstrated at a circuit level by the combination of advanced CMOS technology
ABSTRACT: Following subarachnoid hemorrhage, hyperglycemia is strongly associated with complications and with impaired neurological recovery. Targeted insulin therapy for glycemic control might, on the contrary, have harmful effects by causing too low cerebral glucose levels. The study published by Schlenk and colleagues in the previous issue of Critical Care shows that insulin caused a significan
Using the Edmonton protocol, a number of patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus have remained insulin-independent for prolonged periods of time. In spite of this success, transplantation of islets from cadaver donors will remain a therapy for very few patients owing to a lack of donors. Thus, if cell therapy should be widely available, it will require an unlimited source of cells to serve as a 'bi
In this paper we study the scalability issue in the design of a centralized policy server controlling resources in the future IP-based telecom network generation. The policy servers are in charge of controlling and managing QoS, security and mobility in a centralized way in future IP-based telecom networks. Our study demonstrates that the policy servers can be designed in such a manner that they s
