Background: Totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) have improved the quality of life for seriously ill and cancer patients. These devices represent a convenient option when long-term venous access is indicated. The Subclavian and Internal Jugular Veins are the vessels of choice for catheterization [1]. However, if it is not possible to catheterize them, an alternative vein should be so

BACKGROUND Limited information exists about the epidemiology and outcome of surgical patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), and how intraoperative ventilation was managed in these patients. OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence of surgical patients at increased risk of PPCs, and to compare the intraoperative ventilation management and postoperative outcomes w

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) and measures of Alzheimer disease (AD), small vessel disease (SVD), cognition, vascular risk factors, and neuroinflammation, we tested associations between EPVS and different relevant neuroimaging, biochemical, and cognitive variables in 778 study participants. METHODS: Four hundred ninety-nine cognitively unimp

Permafrost extends 40% of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), a region which contains the headwaters of numerous major rivers in Asia. As an aquiclude, permafrost substantially controls surface runoff and its hydraulic connection with groundwater. The freeze–thaw cycle in the active layer significantly impacts soil water movement direction, velocity, storage capacity, and hydraulic conductivity. Unde

Hot electron relaxation and transport in nanostructures involve a multitude of ultrafast processes whose interplay and relative importance are still not fully understood, but which are relevant for future applications in areas such as photocatalysis and optoelectronics. To unravel these processes, their dynamics in both time and space must be studied with high spatiotemporal resolution in structur

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has the lowest survival rate among all major cancers and is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The stagnant survival statistics and dismal response rates to current therapeutics highlight the need for more efficient preclinical models. Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) offer new possibilities as powerful preclinical models able to accou

A finite element method is developed for the study of elastic wave propagation in layered ground environments. The formulation is based on a spectral finite-element approach using a mixture of high-order element shape functions and wave solutions. The numerical method provides solutions to vibration transmission on and within layered elastic waveguides. Examples of its use include the theoretical

Introduction and aim: Air pollution, a major environmental threat to human health, contributes to the premature deaths of millions of people worldwide. Cooking with solid fuels, such as charcoal and wood, in low-and middle-income countries generates very high emissions of particulate matter within and near the household as a result of their inefficient combustion. Women are especially exposed, as

We systematically investigate the complexity of counting subgraph patterns modulo fixed integers. For example, it is known that the parity of the number of k-matchings can be determined in polynomial time by a simple reduction to the determinant. We generalize this to an nf(t,s)-time algorithm to compute modulo 2t the number of subgraph occurrences of patterns that are s vertices away from being m

Objectives: Studies suggest preeclampsia as a risk factor for long term cardiovascular diseases (CVD), while evidence is limited regarding the risk of high blood pressures (BP) in early pregnancy. Study design: A register-based follow-up of 2434 mothers in the Helsingborg Birth Cohort. Associations of high BP in early pregnancy (>95th percentile systolic [SBP], diastolic [BDP], or mean arterial BP

As we write this chapter about reinterpreting women’s roles in peacebuilding, Colombia is at a turning point. On November 24, 2016, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People’s Army (FARC-EP) and the national government signed a historical agreement that ended the 60-year-long armed conflict. How this peace and the social reconciliation that it requires will be implemented remain to be seen

Colombia has been divided by armed conflict for over half a century. While still confronting multiple forms of violence, since the beginning of the peace talks in 2012 public attention in Colombia has shifted to social reconciliation. In June 2014, Colombians re-elected Juan Manuel Santos as president, his campaign having made peace the centre of attention. The peace negotiations in Havana have be

Shunting yards are one of the main areas impacting the reliability of rail freight networks, and delayed departures from shunting yards can further also affect the punctuality of mixed-traffic networks. Methods for automatic detection of departures, which are likely to be delayed, can therefore contribute towards increasing the reliability and punctuality of both freight and passenger services. In

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is an efficient point-to-point trajectory-generation method for robots that can be used in situations that occur under time constraints. The motion plan can be recalculated online to increase the accuracy of the trajectory when getting close to the goal position. We have implemented this strategy in a Franka Emika Panda robot, a redundant collaborative robot, by exte

Law enforcement demands self-management, intrinsic motivation, high energy levels and tolerance to stress. The concept of self-management might involve both autonomy and responsibility. Autonomy and responsibility, however, are often considered and measured as the same construct even thought at a conceptual level they can be seen as a separate dual construct. Our aims were: (a) to investigate the

Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this work was to study the incidence over time of lower extremity amputations and determine variables associated with increased risk of amputations in people with type 1 diabetes. Methods: Individuals with type 1 diabetes registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Registry with no previous amputation from 1 January 1998 and followed to 2 October 2019 were included. Tim

I denna avhandling beskrivs processesen att implementera och optimisera metoder inom kvantitativ magnetresonansomografi (MRT) på en fältstyrka av 7 T. Metoderna är baserade på gradientekon med påtvingad transversell urfasning (spoiling) och applicerade på den mänskliga hjärnan i syfte att avbilda i huvudsak tre olika MR-parametrar: Den longitudinella relaxationstiden (T1), magnetization transfer sQuantitative MRI (qMRI) refers to the process of deriving maps of MR contrast parameters, such as relaxation times, from conventional images. If the qMRI maps have a high degree of precision and a low degree of bias, they can be compared longitudinally, across subjects, and (ideally) between measurement protocols and research sites. They also provide a more direct biophysical interpretation of the