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The goal of this dissertation is to estimate the amount of water in snowpacks at the areas Kultsjön and Rensaren in northen Sweden. A model is built using spatial statistics, and the estimations will be done by Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations (INLA). Then a validation process was done by removing data from the data set to create a validation set, and compare the estimations done by INLA t
Abstract: The zooplankton community of The Area of Multiple Use Hawaii (AUMH), South Pacific Coast of Guatemala mangrove channel ecosystem was studied in the dry season between February and March 2011. Zooplankton samples were taken during two lunar cycles, four tidal cycles (flood, high water (HW), ebb, low water (LW)), at four different sites. For each sampling occasion, salinity, pH, dissolved
BIOGEOGRAPHICAL DIVERSITY OF PLANT ASSOCIATED BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES ARCTIC TUNDRA Global warming is predicted to affect the Polar Regions most rapidly due to glacial retreat, snow cover reduction, melting of ice sheets and thawing of permafrost soils. Increase in temperature will further influence the native species to shift northerly by invasive pressure of species well adapted to warm temperat
I Skåne permanentades år 2008 vårdprogrammet höftlinjen vilket innebär att patienten redan på skadeplatsen gavs smärtlindring och förberedelser inför kommande operation startades. För att kunna utvärdera och förbättra den prehospitala omvårdnaden krävs forskning av patienternas upplevelse. Syfte: Att belysa patientens upplevelse av den prehospitala omvårdnaden vid höftfraktur. Metod: Elva semistru
ABSTRACT Soft tissue tumor-associated gene fusions are currently being used as diagnostic genetic markers and seem promising as potential prognostic markers. In the present study, a new fusion gene was discovered in one case of a specific subtype of soft tissue sarcoma displaying a t(6;16) translocation. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), the FUS gene in 16p11 was shown to be rearra
Abstract Migration is a widespread phenomenon in nature, observed in many different taxa. Migration is often caused by changes in food availability, physical conditions and predation risks. Moving is energetically costly, and hence migration is likely to be a trade-off between increased survival and an energetic cost for migrating, the cost could take shape in decreased fecundity and lower body c
Popular science summary: Monitoring subcellular localization of Spx, YjbH, and ClpX in Bacillus subtilis Bacteria are exposed to continuous stress that causes damage to the cell. Therefore, they have developed stress responses that enable them to overcome stress and survive. Oxidizing elements is one kind of stress that bacteria have to deal with. To investigate how bacteria cope with this ki
Climate change induced migration is sometimes pictured as an urgent up-coming crisis that could result in waves of international refugees and violent conflicts, and sometimes as part of human history. It is a contested topic, an issue that divides actors and that still has no agreed upon definition. To get a better understanding of the debate, this thesis sets out to display the main discussions a
Abstract: The physiological responses of two Hong Kong acorn barnacles, Tetraclita japonica and T. squamosa differed under identical heat stress conditions. Both species experienced increased body temperature and mantle water osmolality with higher temperatures and prolonged emersion time. Species comparisons however, showed that T. japonica had warmer body temperatures and more concentrated osm
Aktivering av immunförsvaret dämpar den samme Kroppens immunförsvar består av en mängd olika typer av specialiserade celler, alla med sina unika egenskaper och nischer. För att immunförsvaret ska fungera så optimalt som möjligt krävs det att cellerna kan interagera och kommunisera med varandra, vilket görs med hjälp av proteiner som finns på cellernas yta. En typ av celler, som kallas CD8+ T cellAbstract 4-1BB (CD137/TNFRSF9) is a costimulatory receptor expressed by several cellular subsets of the immune system, but is commonly associated with CD8+ T cells. Stimulation of 4-1BB on CD8+ T cells with agonistic antibodies (α-4-1BB) causes a potent proliferation signal and an upregulated expression of CD11c. CD11c+CD8+ have previously been recognized to suppress other immune cells, such as F
Streptomyces belong to the phylum Actinobacteria, which are Gram-positive bacteria with GC-rich DNA. Most Streptomyces are strict aerobes and inhabit soil. They are known for production of a wide range of secondary metabolites, including antibiotics e.g. the macrolide erythromycin (S. erythraeus) or chloramphenicol (S. venezuelae). The typical smell of wet soil is owed to geosmin, also a secondary
Alzheimers sjukdom och nanopartiklar – blir vi dementa snabbare? Demenssjukdomar kommer märkbart att påverka vår allt mer åldrande befolkning. Alzheimers sjukdom är den vanligaste av dessa och leder till exempel till minnesförlust och förändrad personlighet. En sak som kännetecknar sjukdomen är bildandet av plack i hjärnan. Plack består av ihopklumpade protein. Proteinet som utgör dessa utgör desAbstract Alzheimer’s disease is a common form of dementia with one of its hallmarks being the formation of plaques in the brain consisting of fibrils formed from the amyloid beta peptide (Aβ). Nanoparticles have in vitro been shown to affect the rate of which these fibrils form. When nanoparticles enter a biological system they will be covered with proteins, a protein corona is formed. In this st
Abstract In this thesis, a molecular PCR-based method was used to study the bacterial diversity in milk. The aim was to compare the microbiota of traditionally pasteurized milk with milk treated with a novel pasteurization technique, using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). A second aim was to analyze the microbial composition of cheese produced from the two milk variant
Sammanfattning: Vind är en viktig process för sedimenttransport och för landskapförändring, och eoliska sediment (flygsand) kan användas för att rekonstruera forntida klimat. I Sverige är utbredningen av flygsand inte så stor och det finns inte många studier med kronologi- eller paleomiljöperspektiv. Det finns en uppfattning om att flygsanden avsattes direkt efter inlandsisens avsmältning och att Wind is an important agent of transportation of sediments and to change the landscape. Aeolian sediments can be inferred as a proxy for past climate. In Sweden aeolian sediments are not widespread and there are not so many studies on chronological and paleoenvironmental aspects. It is believed that aeolian sediments were deposited right after deglaciation and reactivated during recent times as a r
miRNA och dess termodynamik I alla männskliga celler (förutom i de röda blodkropparna) finns en cellkärna. Inuti kärnan finns DNA:t. Segment av DNA kan läsas i en process kallad för transkription. I denna process omkodas det cellulära DNA genom transkription till den strukturellt liknande molekylen RNA. Denna molekyl blir vanligtvis avläst av cellen i en process kallad translation där kedjor av aAbstract We have performed a series of experiments in order to elucidate the properties of two breast cancer related microRNAs, here we denote A and B. In one experiment, we tested varying concentrations of biologically relevant cation upon the melting curve of A. We saw that the monovalent conditions favoured a melting curve that had two inflexion points whereas the divalent conditions favoured
Syftet med studien är att undersöka om det föreligger ett samband mellan inre motivation och medarbetarskap, samt hur detta eventuella samband varierar beroende på situationsvariabler respektive demografiska variabler så som kön, anställningstid, befattning och utbildning. Detta utifrån en litteraturgenomgång som uppvisar många begreppsmässiga likheter. Enkäter delades ut till 88 anställda vid en The aim of the study is to examine whether there is a correlation between intrinsic motivation and employeeship and how this correlation varies depending on situational variables and demographic variables such as gender, time of employment, position and education. This is based on a literature review that shows many conceptual similarities. Surveys were distributed to 88 employees in a large organ
