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This study aims to develop a comprehensive model that accurately represents the perceptual system of drivers and provides insights into their behavior. Existing models, namely the Skill-Rule-Knowledge model and the dynamic driving task model, were integrated. This integrated model successfully elucidates the sequential processes involved in sensation reception, recognition, judgment, and control.
Human-Vehicle Interaction (HVI) evaluations encompass a wide range of aspects and typically follow a structured process from problem definition to conclusion. This research was motivated by two key challenges emerging from this process. First, there is a need to explain user behavior more comprehensively, going beyond mere system evaluation. Second, there is a consistent demand for a systematic hu
This study examines vehicle interiors in terms of display configuration and seat orientation from a user experience viewpoint using a driving simulator. Sixteen volunteers were sat in the driver’s seat to evaluate visibility and mental comfort scores of three display configurations used in the vehicle (i.e., floating, flush, and large display). Another sixteen volunteers were sat in the passenger’
The driver of a conditionally automated vehicle equivalent to level 3 of the SAE is obligated to accept a takeover request (TOR) issued by the vehicle. Considerable research has been conducted on the TOR, especially in terms of the effectiveness of multimodal methods. Therefore, in this study, the effectiveness of various multimodalities was compared and analyzed. Thirty-six volunteers were recrui
In several circumstances, a level-three automated vehicle cannot continue driving in an automated driving mode and requests a human driver to take over. In this study, a series of experiments to examine how to provide a TOR was conducted. First, for forty-one persons, a HUD icon, earcon, seat vibration, and combinations were compared. The results indicated that the HUD icon-earcon and HUD icon-sea
BACKGROUND: Despite the significant personal and societal burden of tic disorders (TDs), treatment outcomes remain modest, necessitating a deeper understanding of their etiology. Family history is the biggest known risk factor, and identifying risk genes could accelerate progress in the field.METHODS: Expanding upon previous sample size limitations, we added 4800 new TD cases and 971,560 controls
Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) has been employed to examine the self-assembly behaviour of sodium 5-tetradecyl furan-2-sulfonate (STFS), an emerging anionic surfactant, in bulk dilute solutions. STFS was also studied in binary and ternary mixtures with a common non-ionic (hexaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, C12E6) and anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) surfactant to explore the shape,
In this work we report the solvothermal synthesis of iron oxide and zinc oxide using a ternary eutectic mixture of choline chloride, urea and glycerol at three molar ratio of the components 1 : 1 : 1, 1 : 1.5 : 0.5 and 1 : 0.5 : 1.5. The synthesised iron oxide is nanocrystalline with a crystallite size of 67.5 ± 8.9 nm, however ZnO formed larger particles. Water and surfactants can be added to the
This systematic literature review assesses the current state of knowledge on how increased ICT use affects individual time-use patterns and the associated implications for lifestyle climate implications. While the environmental impacts of ICT have been widely debated in terms of direct energy consumption, there has been limited focus on the indirect time-use effects. The review draws on 101 articl
Nelly Thüring tillhörde de första riksdagskvinnorna. Hon representerade socialdemokraterna. Hon brann för jämställdhet mellan klasser, kvinnors rättigheter.,teosofin som livsåskåding samt en vegetarisk livsstil.
The EU’s recent regulatory approach in the digital sphere promises to introduce greater consideration for fundamental rights. However, this does not apply to all fundamental rights and their holders equally. With particular focus on the freedom to conduct a business, this article will be exploring the restrictions imposed on certain undertakings—so-called gatekeepers—operating in the Digital Singl
Nitroxoline, a legacy antimicrobial agent, is gaining attention for its potential repurposing in infectious diseases and oncology. Its broad-spectrum activity, including biofilm disruption and metal-chelating properties, supports diverse therapeutic applications. However, its systemic use is limited by rapid urinary excretion, short plasma half-life, and limited tissue distribution. In this review
Advances in super-resolution microscopy enable the molecular profiling of cells and tissues at the nanoscale level, surpassing the diffraction limit of conventional light microscopy. However, super-resolution techniques typically require access to expensive specialized equipment and extensive training, limiting their broad applicability. Here we provide a detailed protocol for combining expansion
Cracks in concrete compromise structural integrity by exposing steel reinforcement to corrosion agents, shortening its service life. Fungal-induced calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation via urea hydrolysis offers a fast and robust self-healing mechanism to seal the cracks, extending the lifespan while reducing the carbon (C) footprint of concrete infrastructure. However, current studies rely on
In this paper I summarise the findings presented in my recent PhD thesis in which I include some 80+ linguistic theories from Plato to Usage-based linguistics in order to enquire into the potential of linguistic theories in the study of aspect and tense in Ancient and particularly New Testament Greek. I discuss the challenge of working with several linguistic theories at the same time, the formati
Forests play a vital role in maintaining the global carbon balance. However, globally, forest ecosystems are increasingly threatened by climate change and deforestation in recent years. Monitoring forests, specifically forest biomass is essential for tracking changes in carbon stocks and the global carbon cycle. However, developing countries lack the capacity to actively monitor forest carbon stoc
