To Activate or Not to Activate? The Role of the 2004 EU Enlargement in the Late Activation of the Temporary Protection Directive
The Temporary Protection Directive was created in 2001 to harmonise burden-sharing and encourage European solidarity within the Common European Asylum System during mass influxes of migrants. However, the directive remained inactive during the 2015 migrant crisis and was only invoked for the first time in 2022, following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. This study aims to compare and contrast the
