Background: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a fatal cancer, accounting for 3-5% of all diagnosed cancers. Finding the primary site is important for therapeutic choices and we believe that the organ which is designated as the cause of death may give clues about the primary site. Methods: A total of 20,570 patients with CUP were identified from the Swedish Family-Cancer Database. Causes of death

Modelling of the ultrafiltration process is crucial for effective optimization of full-scale modules, and considerable effort has been devoted to describing the permeate flux during ultrafiltration. Many models use a detailed description of the mass transport and are thus valuable for the understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of ultrafiltration. However, for the prediction of the flux in mul

Recent experimental studies suggest that risk aversion is negatively related to cognitive ability. In this paper we report evidence that this relation may be spurious. We recruit a large subject pool drawn from the general Danish population for our experiment. By presenting subjects with choice tasks that vary the bias induced by random choices, we are able to generate both negative and positive c

BACKGROUND Despite a long interest in the historical fertility transition, there is still a lack of knowledge about disaggregated patterns that could help us understand the mechanisms behind the transition. In previous research the widely held view is that there was a change in the association between social status and fertility in conjunction with the fertility transition, implying that fertility

The Nordic countries have a quite different urban structure and social systems than the USA. Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden may then constitute a critical test of the empirical reach of Richard Florida's much cited creative class thesis beyond its empirical basis in the USA. This paper employs comparative statistics to examine the importance of the quality of place in attracting members of th

Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabetes är en folksjukdom som kännetecknas av förhöjt blodsocker. Sjukdomens förekomst ökar dramatiskt över hela världen och beskrivs ofta som en pandemi. I huvudsak finns det två olika former av diabetes, typ 1 och typ 2. Typ 1 drabbar oftast barn och ungdomar – de insulinproducerande β-cellerna förstörs av kroppens egna immunförsvar. Vid typ 2 diabetes ser sjukdomsbiDefective insulin secretion and insulin resistance are the two hallmarks of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). The pathophysiology of the disease is not fully understood but genetic susceptibility for the disease is a new major player in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms. T2D research has in recent years invested tremendous efforts in identifying new risk variants for the disease. It has proven t

The national system of innovation approach has attracted both academics and policy makers. There has been different emphasis laid by those who both originated the concept and developed it further for policy learning applications. From the firm level to the global innovation networks, the varieties and differences in system of innovation functions, activities and factors continue to attract debate

Using first-principles methods, we study theoretically the properties of an individual {Fe-4} single-molecule magnet (SMM) attached to metallic leads in a single-electron transistor geometry. We show that the conductive leads do not affect the spin ordering and magnetic anisotropy of the neutral SMM. On the other hand, the leads have a strong effect on the anisotropy of the charged states of the m

We investigate electron transport in disordered Hubbard chains contacted to macroscopic leads, via the nonequilibrium Green's function technique. We observe a crossover of currents and conductances at finite bias which depends on the relative strength of disorder and interactions. We provide a proof that the coherent potential approximation, a widely used method for treating disorder averages, ful

The notions of creativity consultants on how play promotes workplace creativity was investigated. Play is often used by creativity trainers to promote creative performance. Seventeen experienced professionals were interviewed. The informants considered play to facilitate group creativity by increasing openness, intrinsic motivation and collaboration. Play was encouraged by permission to play, that

Artikeln behandlar 1900-talets meningskris såsom den återspeglas i Emmanuel Levinas och Hans Jonas tänkande.

Background: The Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ) was developed in response to the difficulties of observing and quantifying freezing of gait (FOG) clinically as well as in laboratory settings. However, as the FOGQ is a clinician-administered patient-reported rating scale it cannot be used in postal surveys. Here we report the development and measurement properties of a self-administered versi

The optical properties of the crystalline lenses were studied in a variety of large predatory teleosts (bony fishes) that forage in the open ocean, some of them at considerable depths. We found the first fish lenses that are free of measurable longitudinal spherical aberration, i.e., are perfectly monofocal, in contrast to the multifocal lenses that are typical for smaller fishes living close to t

This paper presents an existence theory for small-amplitude Stokes and solitary-wave solutions to the classical water-wave problem in the absence of surface tension and with an arbitrary distribution of vorticity. The hydrodynamic problem is formulated as an infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian system in which the horizontal spatial coordinate is the time-like variable. A centre-manifold technique is

Two methods used to determine stored VOC (volatile organic compounds) in concrete slabs has been compared. These methods are frequently used in investigating indoor environment problems where emissions from moisture damaged floorings are suspected. Comparative measurements were made in situ, and the results show good agreement with expected values, especially in measurements of a profile at severa

In fish of the Squalius alburnoides complex, hybridisation and polyploidy have affected sex ratios, resulting in strong correlations between sex and genotype. The preponderance of females among triploids and the occurrence of an all male lineage among diploids seem to imply that sex ratio deviations should have a strong genetic basis. Until now, no information has been gathered regarding the molec

An intermolecular Pauson-Khand reaction involving a carbohydrate scaffold having a pendant alkyne provides galactose derivatives with a cyclopentenone moiety in the C3-position in up to 85% yield.