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Recently, interest has been growing in investigating rhythm cognition and behavior in nonhuman animals as a way of tracking the evolutionary origins of human musicality—that is, the ability to perceive, enjoy, and produce music. During the past 2 decades, an explosion of theoretical proposals have aimed at explaining why and how humans have evolved into musical beings, and the empirical comparativ

Short-term memory is implicated in a range of cognitive abilities and is critical for understanding primate cognitive evolution. To investigate the effects of phylogeny, ecology and sociality on short-term memory ability, we tested 421 non-human primates across 41 species in a pre-registered, experimental delayed-response task. Our results confirm previous findings that longer delays decrease memo

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders and is a great disease burden. However, its underlying pathophysiology and aetiology remain poorly understood. Available evidence suggests that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with MDD, but it is still unknown whether miRNAs can predict subsequent incident MDD.METHODS: In this nested case-cont

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is a surrogate biomarker of mitochondrial dysfunction and is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, despite being associated with both CVD and T2D, it is not known what role mtDNA-CN has in the association between T2D and CVD. Our aims were to investigate whether, (1) baseline mtDNA-CN is associ

Virtue ethics has many times been suggested as a promising recipe for the construction of artificial moral agents due to its emphasis on moral character and learning. However, given the complex nature of the theory, hardly any work has de facto attempted to implement the core tenets of virtue ethics in moral machines. The main goal of this paper is to demonstrate how virtue ethics can be taken all

Det förvaltningsrättsliga landskapet i Sverige har under de senaste decennierna blivit allt mer sammanlänkat med Europarätten, dvs. EU-rätten, Europakonventionen samt annat material från Europarådet. För att som svensk jurist kunna arbeta med förvaltningsrättsliga frågor är det nödvändigt att ha en grundläggande förståelse för hur Europarätten påverkar de svenska rättsliga strukturerna. I verket p

Caustics are a challenging light transport phenomenon to render in real-time, and most previous approaches have used screen-space accumulation based on the fast rasterization hardware of GPUs. This limits the position of photon collection points to first hit screen space locations, and leads to missing caustics that should be visible in a mirror’s reflection. In this paper we propose an algorithm

Objective: The present study assessed if individuals ≥ 60 years of age with periodontitis are more likely to develop stroke or ischemic heart diseases, or at a higher risk of death for 17 years. Material and methods: At baseline individuals ≥ 60 received a dental examination including a panoramic radiograph. Periodontitis was defined as having ≥ 30% sites with ≥ 5-mm distance from the cementoename

These European Resuscitation Council Ethics guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for the ethical, routine practice of resuscitation and end-of-life care of adults and children. The guideline primarily focus on major ethical practice interventions (i.e. advance directives, advance care planning, and shared decision making), decision making regarding resuscitation, education, and resear

The European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) have collaborated to produce these post-resuscitation phase guidelines for adults, which are based on the 2020 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation consensus on cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The topics covered include post-cardiac arrest syndrome, the differential diagnosis of the caus

Behavioral predispositions are innate tendencies of animals to behave in a given way without the input of learning. They increase survival chances and, due to environmental and ecological challenges, may vary substantially even between closely related taxa. These differences are likely to be especially pronounced in long-lived species like crocodilians. This order is particularly relevant for comp

Global population projections foresee the biggest increase to occur in Africa with most of the available uncultivated land to ensure food security remaining on the continent. Simultaneously, greenhouse gas emissions are expected to rise due to ongoing land use change, industrialisation, and transport amongst other reasons with Africa becoming a major emitter of greenhouse gases globally. However,