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In psychology, Bayes Factors (BFs) are being increasingly reported as a complement to p-values. However, just as the mindless computation of p-values encourages a simple dichotomization of study results, the mindless computation of BFs with an overemphasis on hypothesis testing detracts from more useful approaches to interpreting study results, such as parameter estimation. BFs may serve to facili
Bayesian methods of data analysis are increasingly being adopted in psy-chology and across the social sciences. Yet, attempts to teach Bayesian dataanalysis to the psychology students in Lund has met with many challenges.In this talk, I shall lay out the current progression of statistics teaching fromfirst year undergraduate to master level. Recent attempts to introduce Bayesianmethods of data ana
When combined with the huge collecting area of the ELT, MOSAIC will be the most effective and flexible Multi-Object Spectrograph (MOS) facility in the world, having both a high multiplex and a multi-Integral Field Unit (Multi-IFU) capability. It will be the fastest way to spectroscopically follow-up the faintest sources, probing the reionisation epoch, as well as evaluating the evolution of the dw
The autoantigen of endomysial antibodies in coeliac disease has been found to be an enzyme, tissue transglutaminase. Zinc inhibits the calcium-dependent activation of this thiol enzyme and also decreases the affinity between transglutaminase and the antibodies. Physiologically, transglutaminases catalyse the formation of bridges between lysine- and glutamine-containing peptides. Theoretically, if
Celiaki förekommer hos 0,5–1 procent av befolkningen. Majoriteten av dem med celiaki har atypiska symtom och är inte diagnostiserade. Personer med vissa kromosomrubbningar eller annan autoimmun sjukdom och nära släktingar till personer med celiaki tillhör riskgrupper där screening kan rekommenderas. IgA-endomysie- eller IgA-transglutaminasantikroppar har båda hög specificitet och hög sensitivitet Coeliac disease is widespread and occurs in 0.5-1 per cent of the population. Most sufferers show atypical symptoms and might well remain undiagnosed. Endomysial or human transglutaminase autoantibody levels of type IgA can be recommended as screening instruments combined with s-IgA for exclusion of such deficiency. In contrast, there is a high frequency of false-positive IgA gliadin antibody test
Managementkonsulternas lösningar saknar allt som oftast stabilt stöd i seriös forskning. Det borde egentligen vara högst kontroversiellt att chefer och politiker väljer att följa råden från dessa karriärister med begränsad erfarenhet, skriverJohan Alvehus, lektor vid Lunds universitet.
Social monitoring of the actions of group members is thought to be a key development associated with group living. Humans constantly monitor the behaviour of others and respond to them in a flexible way depending on past interactions and the current social context. While other primates have also been reported to change their behaviour towards other group members flexibly based on the current state
The tumour suppressor p53, encoded by TP53, is a key player in a wide network of signalling pathways. We investigated its role in the bioactivation of the environmental carcinogen 3-nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA)found in diesel exhaust and its metabolites 3-aminobenzanthrone (3-ABA) and N-hydroxy-3-aminobenzanthrone (N-OH-3-ABA) in a panel of isogenic human colorectal HCT116 cells differing only with r
Phthalates are ubiquitous in indoor environments, which raises concern about their endocrine disrupting properties. However, studies of human uptake from airborne exposure are limited. We studied the inhalation uptake and dermal uptake by air-to-skin transfer with clean clothing as a barrier of two deuterium-labelled airborne phthalates: particle-phase D4-DEHP (di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate) and gas-
Crocodilians are among the most vocal non-avian reptiles. Adults of both sexes produce loud vocalizations known as ‘bellows’ year round, with the highest rate during the mating season. Although the specific function of these vocalizations remains unclear, they may advertise the caller's body size, because relative size differences strongly affect courtship and territorial behaviour in crocodilians
Human language involves combining items into meaningful, syntactically structured wholes. The evolutionary origin of syntactic abilities has been investigated by testing pattern perception capacities in nonhuman animals. New World primates can respond spontaneously to structural changes in acoustic sequences and songbirds can learn to discriminate between various patterns in operant tasks. However
Recent studies purported to demonstrate that chimpanzees, monkeys and corvids possess a basic Theory of Mind, the ability to attribute mental states like seeing to others. However, these studies remain controversial because they share a common confound: the conspecific’s line of gaze, which could serve as an associative cue. Here, we show that ravens Corvus corax take into account the visual acces
In many vertebrates, acoustic cues to body size are encoded in resonance frequencies of the vocal tract (“formants”), rather than in the rate of tissue vibration in the sound source (“pitch”). Anatomical constraints on the vocal tract’s size render formants honest cues to size in many bird and mammal species, but it is not clear whether this correlation evolved convergently in these two clades, or
Writing over a century ago, Darwin hypothesized that vocal expression of emotion dates back to our earliest terrestrial ancestors. If this hypothesis is true, we should expect to find cross-species acoustic universals in emotional vocalizations. Studies suggest that acoustic attributes of aroused vocalizations are shared across many mammalian species, and that humans can use these attributes to in
The spontaneous crafting of hook-tools from bendable material to lift a basket out of a vertical tube in corvids has widely been used as one of the prime examples of animal tool innovation. However, it was recently suggested that the animals' solution was hardly innovative but strongly influenced by predispositions from habitual tool use and nest building. We tested Goffin's cockatoo, which is nei
Head turning experiments are widely used to test the cognition of both human infants and non-human animal species. Monitoring head turns allows researchers to non-invasively assess attention to acoustic or visual stimuli. In the majority of head turning experiments, the head direction analyses have been accomplished manually, which is extremely labor intensive and can be affected by subjectivity o
