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The growth of ultrathin ZrO2 films on Si(100)-(2 x 1) and Si(111)-(7 x 7) has been studied with core level photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The films were deposited sequentially by chemical vapor deposition in ultra-high vacuum using zirconium tetra-tert-butoxide as precursor. Deposition of a > 50 angstrom thick film leads in both cases to tetragonal ZrO2 (t-ZrO2), whe

Free clusters produced by a co-expansion of argon and krypton have been studied by means of core level photoelectron spectroscopy. In this study we have determined: (i) the produced clusters are heterogeneous; (ii) the radial distribution of the two atomic species in the cluster differs. The proposed structure model places the majority of the krypton atoms in the bulk, leaving the argon atoms to b

Abstract is not available

UWB technology provides an excellent means for wireless positioning due to its high resolution capability in the time domain. Its ability to resolve multipath components makes it possible to obtain accurate location estimates without the need for complex estimation algorithms. In this article, theoretical limits for TOA estimation and TOA-based location estimation for UWB systems have been conside

We studied the energy and protein balance of a Thrush Nightingale Luscinia luscinia, a small long-distance migrant, during repeated 12-hr long Eights in a wind tunnel and during subsequent two-day fueling periods. From the energy budgets we estimated the power requirements for migratory flight in this 26 g bird at 1.91 Watts. This is low compared to flight cost estimates in birds of similar mass a

In this paper I defend against a certain objection the view that it is possible to account for validity and kindred notions for moral language within a non-cognitivist framework by appeal to the descriptive meaning of moral terms. The objection is that such an account leads to an asymmetry in the accounts it offers for synonymy in different contexts; in certain contexts it holds that sameness of m

The relationship between the two lichen species Xanthoria calcicola and X. parietina was investigated at genetic level, comparing the ITS regions of the rDNA. The extracted DNA was amplified with the primers ITS4 and ITS5 in a PCR and automatically sequenced. The variation within the separate species was smaller than the variation between the species. Compared to a third species, X. elegans, the v

The tropospheric mixing ratio profile of ethylene (C2H4) has been retrieved from a high spectral resolution ground-based infrared solar absorption spectrum. The spectrum was recorded during intense fires in New South Wales, Australia on January 1, 2002, and was analyzed with the C2H4 spectral parameters added to the 2000 HITRAN compilation. Absorption by C2H4 in the smoke-affected spectrum extends

The new heterocyclic spiro terpenoid niveulone (1) was isolated from the cultural fluid of the ascomycete Dasyscyphus niveus, and its chemical structure and relative configuration were determined by spectroscopic techniques.

Reviews the film, Requiem, directed by Hans-Christian Schmid (2006). This award-winning (for both its star, Sandra Hüller, and the film itself) German film is based on the case of Anneliese Michel, a 23-year-old German woman who died in 1976, probably of starvation (she weighed 68 lb. just before her death) and exhaustion, after 67 exorcism rites. Hüller's nuanced performance chills the spine far

The possibility of using high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) to modify the physico-chemical properties of dietary fibre polysaccharides in white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) was studied. Two cultivars (Heckla and Predikant) were subjected to high pressure treatment (400 and 500 MPa) at different temperatures (20, 50 and 80 °C). The total dietary fibre (TDF) content was only slightly affec

We investigate spin-dependent transport properties of two-dimensional electron systems modulated by both the stray field from a ferromagnetic metal (FM) stripe and the electrostatic potential (EP) provided by two normal metal Schottky stripes which sandwich the FM stripe. The EP consists of a single barrier and a single well. By switching the gate voltages applied to the Schottky stripes, the barr

Isolated Ca2+-binding EF-hand peptides have a tendency to dimerize. This study is an attempt to account for the coupled equilibria of Ca2+-binding and peptide association for two EF-hands with strikingly different loop sequence and net charge. We have studied each of the two separate EF-hand fragments from calbindin D-9k. A series of Ca2+-titrations at different peptide concentrations were monitor

An economy consisting of n>=2 different types of consumers and one publicly owned natural monopoly is under consideration. The preferences of the consumers are assumed to be linear in money and the demand curves are assumed not to cross. We also suppose that the net utility from consumption is so high that we do not have to consider the individual rationality constraints. Given these assumptions,

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) participate in the control of the immune response. In the human system, an IL-10-secreting, T regulatory type 1 cell (Tr1)-like subset of Tregs can be induced by concurrent cross-linking of the TCR and CD46 on naive CD4(+) T cells. Because many viral and bacterial pathogens, including the major human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes, bind to CD46, we asked whether this ba