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A decade has passed since Shinya Yamanaka published his landmarking publication on how to produce pluripotent stem-cell-like cells and the term induced pluripotent stem cells, iPS cells, was coined. This past decade has been a decade devoted to pluripotent cells, scrutinizing molecular mechanisms in cell identity, and optimizing derivation methods, culture conditions and characterization methods t
Major programs in psychiatric genetics have identified >150 risk loci for psychiatric disorders. These loci converge on a small number of functional pathways, which span conventional diagnostic criteria, suggesting a partly common biology underlying schizophrenia, autism and other psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, the cellular phenotypes that capture the fundamental features of psychiatric diso
The brain was traditionally viewed as a static organ, without turnover of neurons or significant capacity for self-repair after insults. Research in the last years has established that neurons are renewed in certain areas throughout life. The prospect of stimulation of endogenous neurogenesis as well as cell transplantation has raised hope for new therapies for neurological diseases.
Proton radioactivity was discovered exactly 50 years ago. First, this nuclear decay mode sets the limit of existence on the nuclear landscape on the neutron-deficient side. Second, it comprises fundamental aspects of both quantum tunnelling as well as the coupling of (quasi)bound quantum states with the continuum in mesoscopic systems such as the atomic nucleus. Theoretical approaches can start ei
The aim of this study was to understand the reasons why Spain has one of the lowest prevalence rates of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) in the European Union. Using a qualitative and inductive research approach, a total of five focus groups (n = 19) and 10 unstructured interviews with key informants were conducted. Three main categories were identified as possible explanations of t
The invention relates generally to methods of influencing central nervous system cells to produce progeny useful in the treatment of CNS disorders. More specifically, the invention includes methods of exposing a patient suffering from such a disorder to a reagent that modulates the proliferation, migration, differentiation and survival of central nervous system cells via PACAP, Maxadilan or VIP si
Ekatherina Zhukova, Malena Rosén Sundström, and Ole Elgström discuss their new article in BISA journal Review of International Studies (RIS), available on FirstView now. The article compares the Feminist Foreign Policies (FFPs) in Sweden, Canada, France, and Mexico in their attempts to translate gender norms into their country’s strategic narratives.
Background: Accurate prehospital trauma triage is crucial for identifying critically injured patients and determining the level of care. In the prehospital setting, time and data are often scarce, limiting the complexity of triage models. The aim of this study was to assess whether, compared with logistic regression, the advanced machine learner XGBoost (eXtreme Gradient Boosting) is associated wi
Atherosclerosis is a major underlying cause of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies showed that inhibition of the co-stimulatory CD40 ligand (CD40L)-CD40 signaling axis profoundly attenuates atherosclerosis. As CD40L exerts multiple functions depending on the cell-cell interactions involved, we sought to investigate the function of the most relevant CD40L-expressing cell types in atheroscleros
Sea level is rising due to climate change and is expected to influence the development and dynamics of coastal dunes. However, the anticipated changes to coastal dunes have not yet been demonstrated using field data. Here, we provide evidence of dune translation that is characterized by a linear increase of the dune toe elevation on the order of 13–15 mm/year during recent decades along the Dutch
While the major drivers of melanoma initiation, including activation of NRAS/BRAF and loss of PTEN or CDKN2A, have been identified, the role of key transcription factors that impose altered transcriptional states in response to deregulated signaling is not well understood. The POU domain transcription factor BRN2 is a key regulator of melanoma invasion, yet its role in melanoma initiation remains
For a whole century, citrate has been used as an in vitro anticoagulant via chelation of calcium. Later, also EDTA was introduced as an anticoagulant. An often overlooked fact is that zinc is bound to citrate and EDTA with affinities much greater than that for calcium, imposing problems in biomedical research. In vivo, proteins of the S100 family are released from leukocytes and known to bind calc
To develop anion exchange membranes (AEMs) that combine high chemical stability and hydroxide conductivity, we have designed and prepared poly(arylene piperidine)s carrying tunable mono- or dicationic side chains. Poly(biphenyl piperidine) and poly(biphenyl N-methylpiperidine), respectively, were first synthesized by superacid-catalyzed polyhydroxylalkylations. Subsequently, the piperidine rings o
