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Clinical translation of a novel photoacoustic imaging system for examining the temporal artery

The objective was to provide a clinical setup for photoacoustic imaging (PAI) of the temporal artery in humans and to describe the challenges encountered and methods of overcoming them. The temporal artery was examined in 7 patients with suspect giant cell arteritis (GCA), both in vivo and ex vivo, and the results were compared to that of histology. To adapt PAI to human studies, the transducer wa

First testing of the CALIFA Barrel Demonstrator

Advancement of the CALIFA calorimeter project has reached a new milestone with the construction of the first modules of the CALIFA Demonstrator, ultimately to be integrated into the final calorimeter. Aspects and methods of detector optimisation will be discussed, along with characterisation using proton beams of 70

Fine mapping of MHC region in lung cancer highlights independent susceptibility loci by ethnicity

Lung cancer has several genetic associations identified within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC); although the basis for these associations remains elusive. Here, we analyze MHC genetic variation among 26,044 lung cancer patients and 20,836 controls densely genotyped across the MHC, using the Illumina Illumina OncoArray or Illumina 660W SNP microarray. We impute sequence variation in clas

Discovering human diabetes-risk gene function with genetics and physiological assays

Developing systems to identify the cell type-specific functions regulated by genes linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk could transform our understanding of the genetic basis of this disease. However, in vivo systems for efficiently discovering T2D risk gene functions relevant to human cells are currently lacking. Here we describe powerful interdisciplinary approaches combining Drosophila genetics

Closed-loop combustion phase control for multiple combustion modes by multiple injections in a compression ignition engine fueled by gasoline-diesel mixture

Partially premixed combustion with low octane fuel aims to reduce NOx and soot emission simultaneously without fuel consumption penalty. Cylinder pressure based combustion phase control is an essential technology for partially premixed combustion. A novel closed-loop combustion phase control strategy for multiple combustion modes is proposed in the current study. The combustion modes are classifie

Ghrelin expression is associated with a favorable outcome in male breast cancer

Ghrelin and obestatin are two gastrointestinal peptides, derived from a common precursor. Expression of both peptides have been found in breast cancer tissue and ghrelin has been associated with breast cancer development. Ghrelin expression is associated with longer survival in women diagnosed with invasive and node negative breast cancer. The clinical implications of the peptide expression in mal

Metabolic profiling and targeted lipidomics reveals a disturbed lipid profile in mothers and fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction

Fetal growth may be impaired by poor placental function or maternal conditions, each of which can influence the transfer of nutrients and oxygen from the mother to the developing fetus. Large-scale studies of metabolites (metabolomics) are key to understand cellular metabolism and pathophysiology of human conditions. Herein, maternal and cord blood plasma samples were used for NMR-based metabolic

Identification of multiple risk loci and regulatory mechanisms influencing susceptibility to multiple myeloma

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have transformed our understanding of susceptibility to multiple myeloma (MM), but much of the heritability remains unexplained. We report a new GWAS, a meta-analysis with previous GWAS and a replication series, totalling 9974 MM cases and 247,556 controls of European ancestry. Collectively, these data provide evidence for six new MM risk loci, bringing the t

Smart homes, home energy management systems and real-time feedback : Lessons for influencing household energy consumption from a Swedish field study

Home energy management systems (HEMS), providing energy feedback and smart features through in-home displays, have the potential to support more sustainable household decisions concerning energy consumption. However, recent findings from European smart metering trials have reduced the optimism, suggesting only modest savings from energy feedback. In this paper, we investigate the potential of HEMS

Combined measurement of differential and total cross sections in the H → γγ and the H → ZZ⁎ → 4ℓ decay channels at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A combined measurement of differential and inclusive total cross sections of Higgs boson production is performed using 36.1 fb−1 of 13 TeV proton–proton collision data produced by the LHC and recorded by the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016. Cross sections are obtained from measured H→γγ and H→ZZ⁎→4ℓ event yields, which are combined taking into account detector efficiencies, resolution, acceptances

Combating Error Propagation in Window Decoding of Braided Convolutional Codes

In this paper, we study sliding window decoding of braided convolutional codes (BCCs) in the context of a streaming application, where decoder error propagation can be a serious problem. A window extension algorithm and a resynchronization mechanism are introduced to mitigate the effect of error propagation. In addition, we introduce a soft bit-error-rate stopping rule to reduce computational comp

Applying Entrepreneurial Teaching Methods to Advanced Technical STEM Courses

A vast majority of Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM) courses and pedagogical frameworks concentrate on teaching the fundamental concepts and theoretical underpinnings of the tools related to the subject. While this aspect is important, we recognize that the teaching methods in a majority of the STEM courses today are broken; there is a major discrepancy between the skills and mi

Neutron imaging of rock mechanics experiments

Understanding the mechanical behaviour of porous rocks and how this influences the fluid flow is key in a number of resource engineering challenges, in particular hydrocarbon production and CO2 sequestration. Deformation in these porous materials is, in general, not homogeneous, as deformation localises into narrow shear or compaction bands, which might then evolve into fractures. These local defo

Design, Optimization and Verification of a Dual Band Circular Polarization Selective Structure

We present a non-resonant, dual band circular polarization selective structure (CPSS) for satellite communication applications in the K- and Ka-bands. The structure consists of multiple layers of cascaded anisotropic sheets, with printed meander lines, separated by low permittivity spacers. It reflects right handed circular polarization and transmits left handed circular polarization in the lower

Optimization of Electric Powertrains Based on Scalable Cost and Performance Models

This work presents a methodology for modeling, designing and scaling the electromagnetic, mechanical and thermal characteristics of the main components in an electric powertrain (excluding the battery) i.e. power electronics converter, electrical machine and mechanical transmission. Additionally, a framework for estimating the cost of these components is described. This framework takes into consid

Scale Free Bounds on the Amplification of Disturbances in Mass Chains

We give a method for designing a mechanical impedance to suppress the propagation of disturbances along a chain of masses. The key feature of our method is that it is scale free. This means that it can be used to give a single, fixed, design, with provable performance guarantees in mass chains of any length. We illustrate the approach by designing a bidirectional control law in a vehicle platoon i