The Swedish implementation of the EU's Data Retention Directive, entailing mandatory retention of electronic communications data concerning all individuals for the purpose of law enforcement, was passed in 2012. In 2014 the directive was ruled invalid by the Court of Justice of the European Union on the basis of its alleged infringements on fundamental rights. Implementations of the directive

This thesis examines the corporate governance in a municipality owned Public Housing Company with a special focus on the politically elected board of directors. This is a qualitative case study were I have examined a large public housing company in a big town in Sweden. The empirical material is primarily from interviews with board members, CEO and management, but also from a field observation wer

Private military and security companies are part of an expanding global industry for security and is now performing services within UN peacekeeping missions. This thesis aims to study the use of private military and security companies in UN peacekeeping in the light of accountability. It does so by asking how accountable is UN in their use of private military and security companies in UN peacekeep

The European migrant crisis escalated in 2015 and we saw the countries involved making various policy decisions. The following text will analyze the migration policies of the Danish and Swedish governments and why those policies were implemented. Using the method of an analysis of ideas I will try to establish a platform from which the policies could be explained and understood. A crucial assumpti

Civic integration is something that states interpret differently in their formulation of citizenship requirements. Thinking of the ongoing refugee crisis in Europe, citizenship policy is an important issue because states will confront new residents who need to obtain a citizenship in order to start a new life and integrate in a foreign country. The aim of this study is to follow up with existing r

Att det i svensk rätt inte finns någon uttrycklig reglering gällande eutanasi behöver man inte lägga ner stor möda på för att få fram ett svar på. Men trots avsaknaden av gällande lagstiftning på eutanasiområdet är det ändå ett område som ger individen rättigheter att själv bestämma över sitt liv och hur det skall avslutas. Individen själv får ta sitt liv och man får även agera medhjälpare därtill

In the city of Malmö urban sustainability has been a front figure in municipality development strategies. Despite this, large shopping malls are approved by the municipality and sustain patterns of consumerism. This lead into the question of how the municipality is working for sustainability within consumption, and particularly within one of the worlds most polluting industries, the clothing indus

Aktieteckning ska enligt ABL ske på en särskild teckningslista, och en aktieteckning som avviker från den föreskrivna formen är ogiltig. Löften att i framtiden teckna sig för aktier regleras däremot inte i lag. I rättsfallet NJA 1918 s. 394 ansågs ett löfte om aktieteckning vara oförbindande eftersom aktieteckningen inte gjorts på det i ABL föreskrivna viset. Med hänvisning till rättsfallet och föAccording to the Swedish Limited Companies Act, subscription for shares shall be made on a separate subscription list, and subscriptions deviating from the formal requirements are considered invalid. Promises to undertake subscription for shares are on the other hand not regulated by law. In the Swedish Supreme Court case NJA 1918 p. 394 the court ruled a promise of share subscription to be non-bi

In this thesis a renewable energy policy evaluation is conducted to find areas for improvement of the newly adopted net metering scheme’s regulations to foster PV diffusion in Lithuania. Fears of the previous failure of the feed in tariff scheme lead to a creation of policy full of safeguards, unequitable fees, and administrative barriers. Based on quantitative and qualitative methods four criteri

Bakgrund: Stroke är en vanlig orsak till att vuxna människor drabbas av fysiska och kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar. Kognition är individens förmåga ta in, tolka och bearbeta information från omgivningen. Att inte klara av att utföra vardagliga aktiviteter så som personlig vård, arbete och fritidsaktiviteter är en vanlig följd av kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar. Syfte: studien har ett tvådelat s

Flertalet studier visar på att ofrivillig ensamhet leder till försämrad hälsa. Samband kan även ses mellan ökad ofrivillig ensamhet och åldrande. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter från identifiering av och insatser mot ofrivillig ensamhet inom kommunal äldreomsorg. Åtta arbetsterapeuter inom kommunal verksamhet intervjuades med en egenkonstruerad intervjuguide

Ständiga förbättringar är viktiga för att upprätthålla ett företags konkurrenskraft inom sin bransch. Kunderna vill ha en hög leveranssäkerhet och flexibilitet för sina ordrar, men utförande från tillverkningsföretagens sida riskerar att vara bristande. Därför kan utförandet av kartläggningar och mätningar av orderprocessen, i kombination med förbättringar, stärka ett företags vidare konkurrenskraContinuous improvement is important for maintaining a company’s competitive position in its own industry. Customers want a high delivery reliability and flexibility for their orders, but the performance of the manufacturers is likely to be deficient. Therefore, the execution of mapping and measurements of the order process, combined with improvements, enhance corporate competitiveness further. An

Sammanfattning Detta arbete har delats in i två delar. Den första delen handlar om olika energilagringstekniker. Den andra delen handlar om att lagra egenproducerad elenergi i ett flerbostadshus. Syftet med första delen har varit att samla information om olika energilagringstekniker i en kunskapssammanställning genom att studera dess funktion, aktuella status och framtidsutsikter. Den andra delen Abstract This master thesis is divided into two parts. The first part deals with a general study of different energy storage systems. The second part deals with the possibility to store own-produced electricity from solar panels in a multifamily residential area. The purpose of the first part was to collect information about different energy storage systems in a general study, and examine their di

Today world’s cities are in a state of flux exhibiting complex dynamics and at the core of sustainability challenges including climate change and urbanization. At the same time cities have been acknowledged as agents of change when it comes to addressing these challenges. The urgency to address these problems has triggered cities to find smarter and innovative ways to deal with these challenges. C

Världen, och framförallt Europa, står idag inför stora påfrestningar med en flyktingström vars storlek enbart kan liknas med den under andra världskriget. Denna uppsats syftar till att svara på frågor kring flyktinginvandringens påverkan på den ekonomiska tillväxten på lång sikt. För att besvara frågeställningen görs en teoretisk analys genom att utvidga en tidigare utvidgad modell där effekterna

The pipelined ADC is a popular Nyquist-rate data converter due to its attractive feature of maintaining high accuracy at high conversion rate with low complexity and power consumption. The rapid growth of its application such as mobile system, digital video and high speed data acquisition is driving the pipelined ADC design towards higher speed, higher precision with lower supply voltage and power

The RF power amplifier is one of the most critical blocks of transceivers, as it is expected to provide a suitable output power with high gain, efficiency and linearity. In this paper, a 60-GHz power amplifier based on an injection locked structure is demonstrated in a standard 65 CMOS technology. The PA core consists of a cross-coupled pair of NMOS transistors with an NMOS current source. This st

Bredäng, a housing area in southwest Stockholm, was built between 1963 and 1965 as part of The Million Program, a Swedish government program to fix the housing shortage in the country. Bredäng is characterized by its green and blue qualities, but also by its many parking lots, poor public spaces, monotone architecture and storm water issues. Today, the housing shortage is once again an issue, esp