Deep eutectic solvents (DES) resemble ionic liquids but are formed from an ionic mixture instead of being a single ionic compound. Here we present some results that demonstrate that surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) remains surface-active and shows self-assembly phenomena in the most commonly studied DES, choline chloride/urea. X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and small angle neutron scattering (SAN

The use of bibliometric indicators on individual and national levels has gathered considerable interest in recent years, but the application of bibliometric models for allocating resources at the institutional level has so far gathered less attention. This article studies the implementation of bibliometric measures for allocating resources at Swedish universities. Several models and indicators bas

OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between barriers in the outdoor environment and perceived quality of life (QoL) in old age and to assess whether fear of moving outdoors and unmet physical activity need contribute to this association. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Community and research center. PARTICIPANTS: Five hundred eighty-nine, community-dwelling people aged 75 to 81 took part in f

We explore the magnetic anisotropy of GaMnAs ferromagnetic semiconductor by Planar Hall Effect (PHE) measurements. Using low magnitude of applied magnetic field (i.e., when the magnitude H is smaller than both cubic Hc and uniaxial Hu anisotropy field), we have observed various shapes of applied magnetic field direction dependence of Planar Hall Resistance (PHR). In particular, in two regions of t

The isotope effects in formaldehyde photolysis are the key link between the delta D of methane emissions and the delta D of atmospheric in situ hydrogen production. A few recent studies have suggested that a pressure dependence in the isotopic fractionation can partly explain enrichment of deuterium with altitude in the atmosphere. The mechanism and the extent of this pressure dependency is, howev

Abstract in UndeterminedIn this paper, the agricultural status in Syria regarding virtual water flow is presented. Crop patterns, area, yield, and water consumption in agriculture are discussed. The historical change in crop pattern and the cultivated land is analyzed. The embedded water in different crops and the virtual water flow due to agriculture products were estimated. It was found that the

In this work, multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamics modeling predictions are compared for three different methods of achieving high-efficiency, low NOT, and soot premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) combustion. The first method is early injection, highly dilute (i.e., low oxygen concentration), diesel fuel PCCI operation. In this method, the oxygen concentration is reduced to exten

Activated dynamics plays a central role in protein function, where transitions between distinct conformations often underlie the switching between active and inactive states. The characteristic time scales of these transitions typically fall in the microsecond to millisecond range, which is amenable to investigations by NMR relaxation dispersion experiments. Processes at the faster end of this ran

We show that H/D exchange between H2O and D2O in ultrathin ice films adsorbed on Cu(100) does not occur through autoionization at temperatures below 140 K. The exchange is, however, facile if a proton deficiency is induced in the ice films by having small amounts of OH preadsorbed on the copper surface. The system was studied using surface infrared vibrational spectroscopy with the aid of density

Multiple myeloma and B cell lymphoma are leading causes of death in Gaucher's disease but the nature of the stimulus driving the often noted clonal expansion of immunoglobulin-secreting B cells and cognate lymphoid malignancy is unknown. We investigated the long-term development of B cell malignancies in an authentic model of non-neuronopathic Gaucher's disease in mice: selective deficiency of -gl

Recently, a novel laser imaging technique, structured laser illumination planar imaging (SLIPI), has demonstrated great potential for suppressing multiply scattered light in spray imaging. SLIP! uses a laser sheet whose intensity is modulated in the spatial domain. Directly scattered photons keep this structural information; whereas, photons that experienced several scattering events lose this inf

IMPORTANCE Bipolar disorder is associated with premature mortality, but the specific causes and underlying pathways are unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the physical health effects of bipolar disorder using outpatient and inpatient data for a national population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS National cohort study of 6 587 036 Swedish adults, including 6618 with bipolar disorder. MAIN OUTCOMES AN

This study describes a method to formulate struvite fine powder into pellets that are easy to spread on agricultural land. To evaluate the quality of produced pellets, some chemical and physical properties commonly measured for fertilizers were tested. The findings indicated that the salt index and heavy metal content ofstruvite pellets were significantly lower than those of commercial NPK fertili

A series of ionic ABA triblock copolymers having a central polysulfone (PSU) central block and poly(2,3,5,6,-tetrafluorostyrene-4-phosphonic acid) (PTFSPA) outer blocks with different lengths were prepared and studied as electrolyte membranes. PSU with terminal benzyl chloride groups was used as a bifunctional macroinitiator for the formation of poly(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene) (PPFS) blocks by

This paper deals with a diverse fauna of polychaetes possessing jaws (= scolecodonts) from the late Silurian Kopanina Formation of the Prague Basin (Czech Republic). The most common genera are Kettnerites, Oenonites and Pistoprion; the entire collection contains at least 16 genera. This is in stark contrast to the four genera recorded from this region by previous authors. The fauna described shows

BACKGROUND: Cystatin C is a low molecular weight cysteine proteinase inhibitor whose plasma or serum concentrations have been shown to be better correlated with glomerular filtration rate than serum creatinine concentrations. Routine assays for cystatin C are based on use of polyclonal antibodies and immunoturbidimetric and nephelometric designs. This study aimed to develop a double-monoclonal imm

Background: Validated eczema questionnaires have been available for schoolchildren only, but the incidence of atopic dermatitis (AD) is highest during infancy. Objective: To validate a parental questionnaire to identify AD in children up to 2 years of age. Methods: Parents of 476 children answered a written questionnaire prior to an examination by a physician. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive

The progression of diabetes is accompanied by increasing demand to the beta-cells to produce and secrete more insulin, requiring complex beta-cell adaptations. Functionally-active and ubiquitous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have the capacity to take part in such adaptations as they have been shown to be key regulatory molecules in various biological processes. In the pancreatic islets, the function of