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Ribbed channel flows play a crucial role in various engineering systems where turbulence enhancement and improved heat transfer are required, such as in turbine blade cooling and combustor wall applications. Numerical simulations have emerged as an essential tool for analyzing the intricate turbulence dynamics and flow separation phenomena, which are fundamental for optimizing the channel performa
Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is limited in spectral resolution by the spinning frequency of rotors that hold the analyte. Traditional yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) rotors have mechanical constraints that typically limit spinning frequencies of 0.7 mm rotors to ωr/2π ∼ 110 kHz. These frequencies are not sufficient to achieve resolution comparable to th
This work presents a comparative luminescence study of Pr3+ doped phase-pure BaLuF5 and mixed-phase BaLu2F8 – BaLuF5 materials synthesized via a hydrothermal route. The spectroscopic studies were mainly performed for phase-pure BaLuF5 and two mixed-phase materials, which, according to structural and phase compositional analysis, contained 90 or 70 wt% of orthorhombic BaLu2F8 and 10 or 30 wt% of cu
Bovine mastitis is a continuous problem in the dairy industry. The infection has significant impact on health and welfare of animals and causes financial losses for the farmers and the dairy industry. A key bacterium associated with bovine mastitis is Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). It produces different exotoxins including more than 24 different staphylococcal enterotoxins and toxic shock synd
Objective: This study examined two Death-Implicit Association Test versions targeting associations between the self-concept (standard identity D-IAT; iD-IAT) and internal versus external control (adapted control D-IAT; cD-IAT) and death among suicide attempters. Additionally, correlations with explicit psychological variables and psychometrics were explored. Method: 116 psychiatric inpatients (58.
Background Selection of surgical residents is carried out in a variety of ways across the globe. In Sweden, the selection process is characterized by a lack of transparency and is conducted locally at each hospital. Recruiting suitable candidates is a matter of patient safety since patient outcome is related to surgeon characteristics and behaviors.Aim The aim of this thesis is to explore quantita
In this article we briefly review the molecular exciton theory and apply it to photosynthetic light harvesting systems. We derive expressions for exciton relaxation rates using perturbation theory in Hibert space representation and show how the Förster equation can be obtained from a general relaxation rate expression in case of well localized excitons. A detailed analysis of the exciton level str
We have studied excitation energy transfer in the photosynthetic antenna systems LH1 and LH2 of purple bacteria. Femtosecond pump−probe experiments are combined with computer simulations using the recently established crystal structure of these systems to assess the nature of excitation motion. We have measured the transient absorption kinetics and spectra of the LH1 and LH2 complexes in the t
The global demographic is experiencing a significant increase in the ageing population, andsimultaneously, technological advancements continue to reshape society. These trends highlight anurgent need and a unique opportunity to leverage technology. Smart home technology (SHT), welfaretechnology (WT), and wearable sensors can potentially support older adults in everyday activities.However, the deve
With the development of ultrafast laser technology, time-resolved spectroscopy has become an essential tool to study the microscopic photophysical mechanisms on ultrafast time scales in the field of solar energy conversion and utilization. Transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS), as an essential technology for studying photoinduced ultrafast electron transfer and photo-induced carrier dynamics, ha
Purpose: The mean diffusivity (MD) is sensitive to the microstructure of the cortex. However, partial volume effects with CSF and white matter (WM) may obscure pathology-related alterations. This work investigates both existing approaches and a novel approach for reducing partial volume effects. Theory and Methods: A bias in MD arises due to partial volume effects, higher-order terms, and the nois
Climate change increases the risk of soil salinisation in Southern European vineyards. In this study, six of those soils were experimentally salinised, half of which were contaminated with Cu, a widely used fungicide. Changes in soil microbiota were assessed, including bacterial and fungal growth, respiration, carbon use efficiency calculation, and microbial community phospholipid fatty acids comp
In most academic literature refugees are portrayed either as those who lack what national citizens have or as a threat to the national order of things. This article explores the effects of being excluded in such a way, and argues that Burundian refugees in a camp in northwest Tanzania find themselves in an ambiguous position, being excluded from the national order of things - secluded in the Tanza
The excited state decay kinetics of chromatophores of the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum have been recorded at 77 K using picosecond absorption difference spectroscopy under strict annihilation free conditions. The kinetics are shown to be strongly detection wavelength dependent. A simultaneous kinetic modeling of these experiments together with earlier fluorescence kinetics
The aim of this special issue of JEMS is to explore the inherent contradictions and tensions of transnational engagement and reveal how these are played out at different levels, intersecting with other social markers based on gender, class, ethnicity, etc. While transnational engagements span territories and transcend spatial fixation, they might also provide stabilised identities for those involv
Using two-color pump−probe femtosecond spectroscopy, the temperature dependence of the energy transfer rate within the peripheral light-harvesting antenna (LH2) of the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides has been measured. The energy transfer time from B800 to B850 is determined to be 0.7, 1.2, and 1.5 ps at 300, 77, and 4.2 K, respectively. These data, combined with earlier result
Picosecond spectrally resolved fluorescence kinetics measurements, together with model simulations of the obtained data, based on coupled rate equations, have been employed to determine the rates and the pathways of heterogeneous excitation transfer in Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Chromatium minutissimum. The presence of a directed excitation flow from the short-wavelength bacteriochlorophyll f
