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We have previously shown that ghrelin is mainly localized to the stomach but also occurs, together with the prokinetic hormone motilin, in endocrine cells in the proximal small intestine. This study explored ghrelin and motilin concentrations in plasma in relation to gastrointestinal motility and whether plasma ghrelin is changed in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Nine patients with

OBJECTIVE: Neutrophil infiltration is a key regulator in the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis (AP), although the impact of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in AP remains elusive. The aim of this study was to define the role of TLR2 and TLR4 in leukocyte recruitment and tissue damage in severe AP. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: AP was induced by retrograde infusion of sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic d

Endemic diseases are caused by environmental and genetic factors. While in this special issue several chapters deal with environmental factors, including infections, the present focus is on genetic causes of disease clustering due to inbreeding and recessive disease mechanisms. Consanguinity is implying sharing of genetic heritage because of marriage between close relatives originating from a comm

Population-based registries may provide data complementary to that from basic science and clinical intervention studies, all of which essential for establishing recommendations for the management of patients in the real world. The same quality criteria apply for the evidence-based label, and both high representation and good data quality are crucial in registry studies. Registries with high covera

BACKGROUND: A major problem in clinical lung transplantation is the shortage of donor lungs. Only about 20% of donor lungs are accepted for transplantation. A method to evaluate and recondition lungs ex vivo has been tested on donor lungs that have been rejected for transplantation. METHODS: The donor lungs were reconditioned ex vivo in an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuit with ST

The release of organic compounds during the drying of biomass is a potential environmental problem, it may contribute to air pollution or eutrophication. In many countries there are legal restrictions on the amounts of terpenes that may be released into the atmosphere. When considering bioenergy in future energy systems, it is important that information on the environmental effects is available. T

The pathophysiologic mechanisms in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) involve loss of islet β-cell secretory function caused by selective killing of these cells primarily by aggressive autoimmune responses involving both cellular and humoral immune pathways. Inflammatory cells heavily infiltrate pancreatic islets leading to insulitis where CD8+ T lymphocytes are thought to be responsible for selective and spec

According to the traditional view, the relation between morphology and syntax is the following: while morphology builds up word forms—typically by combining roots with other roots and with affixes, but also by applying other operations to them, syntax takes fully inflected words as input and combines them into phrases and sentences. The division of labour between morphology and syntax is thus perf

In this thesis, two questions are answered: What is burnout?, and What causes burnout? Essentialist conceptions of burnout are criticized and burnout is regarded as a syndrome in the sense of a practice concept, not possible to delineate exactly. Practice concepts are compared to social constructions. From the syndrome idea, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), is chosen as an operationalization o

Improving electrical efficiency has been proposed as the most convenient means of reducing, e.g. CO₂ emission from power plants. Increasing fuel utilization through combined heat and power generation is another useful measure for emission reduction. Trigeneration technology for the production of heat, power and cooling is an interesting alternative for further improvement of fuel utiliz

Josef Bexell as soul-carer Josef Bexell (1815–1897), Lutheran rector of Långaryd in the diocese of Växjö, was widely known as a soul-carer, both in public and in private. His sermons were not only heard in Church, but circulated and read in private, and questions from his private soul-care were answered in public preaching. The private soul-care was performed both in private encounters and in lett

Alzheimer's disease has a long preclinical phase during which amyloid pathology and neurodegeneration accumulate in the brain without producing overt cognitive deficits. It is currently unclear whether these early disease stages are associated with a progressive disruption in the communication between brain regions that subsequently leads to cognitive decline and dementia. In this study we assesse