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Background: Relenza represents the first neuraminidase inhibitor (NI), a class of drugs that also includes the drug Tamiflu. Although heralded as breakthrough treatments in influenza, NI efficacy has remained highly controversial. A key unsettled question is why the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved more cautious efficacy statements in labelling than European regulators for both dBackgroundRelenza represents the first neuraminidase inhibitor (NI), a class of drugs that also includes the drug Tamiflu. Although heralded as breakthrough treatments in influenza, NI efficacy has remained highly controversial. A key unsettled question is why the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved more cautious efficacy statements in labelling than European regulators f

Socioeconomic Inequalities in the KidneyTransplantation Process: A Registry-BasedStudy in SwedenYe Zhang, MSc,1Ulf-G. Gerdtham, PhD,1,2,3Helena Rydell, MD,4,5,6and Johan Jarl, PhD1Background.Few studies have examined the association between individual-level socioeconomic status and access to kidney transplantation. This study aims to investigate the association between predialysis income and educaBackground. Few studies have examined the association between individual-level socioeconomic status and access to kidney transplantation. This study aims to investigate the association between predialysis income and education, and access to (i) the kidney waitlist (first listing), and (ii) kidney transplantation conditional on waitlist placement. Adjustment will be made for a number of medical and

‘Collective Autonomy in the European Union’ explores the question of collective autonomy by investigating the relationship between collective bargaining and legal regulation and its current evolution in the national contexts and in the EU internal market. The thesis aims at achieving a comprehensive understanding of the notion, function and exercise of collective autonomy and collective bargaining‘Collective Autonomy in the European Union’ explores the question of collective autonomy by investigating the relationship between collective bargaining and legal regulation and its current evolution in the national contexts and in the EU internal market. The thesis aims at achieving a comprehensive understanding of the notion, function and exercise of collective autonomy and collective bargaining

Stefan Larsson’s Conceptions in the Code makes a significant contribution to sociolegal analysis and also represents a valuable contribution to conceptual metaphor theory. By utilising the case of copyright in a digital context it explains the role that metaphor plays when the law is dealing with technological change, displaying both conceptual path-dependence as well as what is called non-legislaStefan Larsson's Conceptions in the Code contributes invaluably to socio-legal analysis and conceptual metaphor theory. By examining cases of digital copyright, Larsson elucidates the role that metaphor plays when law is accommodating technological change, displaying both conceptual path-dependence as well as non-legislative developments in law. Analyses draw from conceptual studies of property sp

Western European states are faced by societies with increasing ethnic, cultural and religious diversity as a result of migration flows. Advocates of multiculturalism have tried to address these potential challenges by advocating the accommodation of minorities within the recipient society. This study argues that the normative and practical measures suggested by multiculturalists tend to be de-cont

This thesis is divided into two distinct parts. The first part contains three chapters, co-authored with Joakim Westerlund, that deal with the analysis of unit root testing, and the second part consists of two chapters on slope homogeneity testing. Chapter 2 continues and extends the analysis in Westerlund (Empirical Economics 37:517–531, 2009), who demonstrates that the performance of the popula

This thesis aims to propose, evaluate and apply test procedures for rationality, weak separability and efficiency. In particular, it focuses on nonparametric revealed preference procedures. This approach has the advantage of not having to stipulate any functional form for the utility function, unlike the parametric approach which relies on finding a suitable functional form for the utility functio

Economic theory commonly distinguishes between different time horizons such as the short run and the long run. Models with many time horizons are easily studied in the frequency domain, because the various time horizons are associated with a particular frequency or band of frequencies. This dissertation studies wavelet methods to analyze time series. Wavelet transforms combine time and frequency r

Organogenesis of epithelial organs requires interaction between epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. During pancreas development, mesenchyme-derived structures induce specification, growth and differentiation of pancreatic epithelial cells. For instance, notochord, endothelial cells, and pancreatic mesenchyme are essential for the development of the pancreas. N-cadherin deficient-embryos suffer fro

Celiac disease is a chronic gastrointestinal disease affecting approximately 1% of the population. It is precipitated in genetically predisposed individuals by ingestion of food containing gluten or similar proteins that are present in wheat, rye and barley. The disease might present with symtoms such as malnutrition, diarrhea or abdominal bloating, but a large proportion of those afflicted by the

This study shows that the mechanisms behind knowledge accumulation and the sources of productivity growth differ from industry to industry depending on what is produced and what technology is used. Although it is apparent to most researchers in the field that the only way to explain long-run growth in output per capita is through technological progress and accumulation of knowledge that counteract

Wind erosion is a serious threat to soil resources as it causes depletion of the fine fractions that may result in a less fertile soil. Wind erosion encompasses several processes of which many are related to climate variables. To date, there is little work performed on how wind erosion relates to climate and climate change. In this thesis, atmospheric circulation and wind erosion were analysed to

Sverige är ett utpräglat småföretagarland och mätt i antal bedrivs en klart övervägande del av företagen som enskild näringsverksamhet. Till skillnad från aktiebolag och andra juridiska personer, som hänför alla inkomster till inkomstslaget näringsverksamhet, ska inkomster eller utgifter för fysiska personer hänföras till endera av inkomstslagen näringsverksamhet, tjänst eller kapital. Avhandlinge