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The problem of fluid-structure interaction, occurring in many industrial and engineering applications, are of great importance, since interaction of a flow and a structure in it can lead to serious damages of the structure. The fluid-structure interaction gives rise to a variety of different physical phenomena such as flow-induced vibration, noise generation, etc. As an alternative to experimental
The thesis consists of an introductory chapter and three essays, considering sickness insurance, social norms and absence certification. The first essay, Group-Specific Social Norms and Economic Incentives in a General Welfare System, investigates the interaction between economic incentives and social influences in a general welfare system. We relate the results to sickness insurance. The model i
This thesis develops new techniques for analyzing cointegrated relationships in panel data. The first chapter is introductory while the remaining six contain the main contributions. The second chapter is concerned with the estimation of a cointegrated panel relation with endogenous regressors, in which case the least squares estimator is biased unless it is conditioned on the lags and leads of th
A contemporary challenge when designing interactive artifacts is to take into account the wealth of devices, systems, and tools people use every day - here termed an 'interaction ecology'. This thesis addresses three research issues. Firstly, the character of sound perception, and how auditory interaction can be applied to ubiquitous computing. Secondly, how everyday sounds make people aware of su
This thesis presents a new method that can handle a general thick Frequency Selective Structure (FSS), that consists of an arbitrary number of aperture layers and dielectric layers. The method is based on the Mode Matching Technique (MMT) and the finite element method (FEM). The thesis consists of a General Introduction and five scientific papers. The General Introduction gives an overview of fil
Speaker age is an important paralinguistic feature in speech which has to be considered in the study of phonetic variation. Knowledge about this feature may be used to improve speech technology applications, e.g. automatic speech recognition and speech synthesis. The present thesis describes six studies of several phonetic aspects of age-related variation in speech. As the speech production mecha
The thesis consists of three essays on currency markets, equilibrium and expectations. The first essay examines currency markets in the setting of a temporary equilibrium model with two currencies and two central banks, where consumers have one-point expectations. Assuming that both central banks use floating exchange rate policies it is shown that if consumers have common expectations the curren
The thesis consists of an introduction and the following four papers: Paper I: Using resultants for SAGBI basis verification in the univariate polynomial ring. Authors: Anna Torstensson, Victor Ufnarovski and Hans Öfverbeck. Abstract: A resultant-type identity for univariate polynomials is proved and used to characterise SAGBI bases of subalgebras generated by two polynomials. A new equivalent
This thesis examines the concept of travel habits, public responses to large-scale traffic congestion regulations and how travel patterns of urban dwellers can be made environmentally sustainable in the long term. It also examines the interrelationships of different scientific disciplines dealing with urban travel. The main conclusions relate to the scientific concept of habit. This concept and th
Heat processing of vegetables involves the use of temperatures above the physiological limit which affect the cellular structures of the tissue and induce a series of events at cell level that will in turn be reflected in the transport properties of the tissue. One of the most important cellular structures from the mass transport point of view is the cell membrane since it represents the physical
In this thesis effects of liming on ectomycorrhiza have been studied in relation to effects on root colonization, fungal growth and nutrient uptake. In field experiments the effects of liming on ectomycorrhizal colonization of root tips were variable, possibly due to different soil types and climatic variations. However, a changed mycorrhizal community structure could be detected. Laboratory studi
Lymphocytes are important mediators of adaptive immune responses. Naive T lymphocytes circulate in the blood and lymph between different secondary lymphoid organs in search for their specific antigen. Upon activation, lymphocytes change their expression of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors and become able to enter non-lymphoid tissues where they take part in fighting infections. Selective
The enzyme magnesium chelatase inserts magnesium into protoporphyrin IX (Proto) to produce to magnesium protoporphyrin IX, the first unique intermediate of the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway. Magnesium chelatase is composed of three distinct proteins termed I (molecular weight ~40 kDa), D (~70 kDa) and H (~140 kDa). Defining the individual properties and structure of the magnesium chelatase comp
Based on the discovery of a new amino acid transport system in Langerhans cells (LC), various aspects concerning the L-dopa uptake mechanism into human epidermal LC and the energy metabolism of epidermis have been examined and subsequently characterised. The system lacks any characteristics of other described amino acid transport systems in other cell types. The Falck/Hillarp histofluorescence met
This thesis is a description of how knowledge of atomic physics can be used in a stellar spectrum analysis. Stellar investigations are spectroscopically performed based on wavelengths, intensities and spectral line structure. Properties such as isotopic shifts, hyperfine structure, Zeeman effect, line blending and spectral line broadening are investigated in stellar spectra to improve results of a
In higher plants photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast. This work focuses on two different processes that effects photosynthesis. Firstly, we studied the events occurring prior to the phosphorylation of LHCII. Secondly, we also studied two novel proteases, with the potential to degrade LHCII. In oxygenic photosynthesis two different photosystems partake in the gathering of light, PSI and
In recent years, awareness has grown of the necessity of understanding the inner world of refugees (in particular traumatized refugees), immigrants, and their children. These groups have come in increasing numbers to Scandinavia, and otherwise confident and capable professionals in all arenas of mental health, social work and other fields have often felt inadequate when working with them. After m
Pathomechanisms of work-related myalgia are poorly understood. Myalgia is caused by exitation of nociceptors present in the muscular tissue but not in the muscle fibres themselves. Morphological analysis can contribute to knowledge of excitation of nociceptors. Surface EMG is a widely used method in the research field of ergonomics. Knowledge of influence of myalgia, occupation, age and intrinsic
The vertical distribution of the nutrient uptake of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) has been investigated in southern Scandinavia. Two approaches were employed. The first involved estimation of the nutrient uptake capacity of the trees at different soil depths by determining the distributions of roots, external ect
The aim of this thesis is to explore discursive changes in conceptions of life course and ageing. In a sense the Life- Span embodies the boundaries of human existence, but furthermore, it symbolizes a discursive system with distinctive symbols and meaning, that regulates and re-construct a cultural context. Hence, a cultures notion of the Life-Span also reveals its images and apprehensions of agei
