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In this paper, we completely classify which graded polynomial R-algebras in finitely many even degree variables can occur as the singular cohomology of a space with coefficients in R, a 1960 question of N. E. Steenrod, for a commutative ring R satisfying mild conditions. In the fundamental case R=Z, our result states that the only polynomial cohomology rings over Z that can occur are tensor produc
Question: What is the relationship between species richness of vascular plants, bryophytes and macrolichens, and two important gradients in the alpine environment, altitude and local topography? Location: Northernmost Fennoscandia, 250–1525 m a.s.l. corresponding to the range between timberline and mountain top. Methods: The vegetation was sampled in six mountain areas. For each 25 vertical metr
Fracture risk in GHD patients is not definitely established. Studying fracture incidence in 832 patients on GH therapy and 2581 matched population controls, we recorded a doubled fracture risk in CO GHD women, but a significantly lower fracture risk in AO GHD men. Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate fracture incidence in patients with confirmed growth hormone deficiency (GHD)
The cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) is the main mediator of nitric oxide-induced relaxation of smooth muscle. Although this pathway is well established, the cellular action of PKG, nitric oxide, and cGMP is complex and not fully understood. A cross-talk between the cGMP-PKG and other pathways (e.g. cAMP-protein kinase A) seems to exist. We have explored cGMP- and cAMP-dependent relaxation of s
An integrated product recovery system was developed to separate urokinase from the cell culture broth of human kidney cells HT1080. Supermacroporous monolithic cryogels provided ideal matrices with respect to surface and flow properties for use as cell culture scaffold as well as for affinity chromatographic capture step of the enzyme in the integrated system. The urokinase was produced continuous
In this manuscript we report the binding affinity between two model proteins, human serum albumin (HSA) and ribonuclease A (RNase A), and negatively charged polyelectrolytes, two different heparin fractions and dextran sulfate, by means of partial filling and affinity capillary electrophoresis. The apparent dissociation constants, Kd, obtained by use of the partial-filling method, between HSA and
The amounts of sixty elements in developing, maturing, senescent and wilting leaves, and in the wintering dead leaves attached to the branches, are reported for a beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest on mor Podzol in south Sweden, a site with no local sources of pollution or geological anomalies. The amounts (contents per leaf) of K (potassium), Rb (rubidium), Cs (caesium), Cu (copper) and P (phosphorus
BACKGROUND: The outcome of less intensive case management services, such as the strengths model, is still inconclusive, which suggests a need for more controlled studies. The aim of the present study was to investigate the outcome of a strengths model of case management service (SCM) compared to standard care. METHODS: Seventy-seven clients with a mental illness and a serious impairment in functio
A validation study of a computerised test recently developed involving the Stroop effect, extended here by inclusion of a third, more difficult test series, is presented. Three groups of men belonging to the Swedish armed forces and adjudged to differ in their qualifications (20, 32, and 19 men of levels 1, 2, and 3, respectively) and a fourth group of 18 men convicted of serious crimes of violenc
This study reports the possibility of accomplishing a survey in an ordinary psychiatric service organization to identify the children and the adolescents in families with a parent with mental illness and to highlight the number of patients in psychiatric treatment with little or virtually no contact with their minor children. The prevalence of patients being parents to minor children was 36% in th
Samples from vesicular Lonar impactite have been investigated by Mossbauer spectroscopy and SEM in combination with elemental analysis. Observation reveal the new-formation of oxide minerals have occurred with nucleation in particular at the walls of the vesicles interpreted as having formed from condensation of the gas phase having caused the vesicles to form in the first place. Elemental analysi
The internal reforming and electrochemical reactions appear in the porous anode layer, and may lead to inhomogeneous temperature and gas species distributions according to the reaction kinetics. In this study, a fully three-dimensional calculation method has been further developed to simulate and analyze chemically reacting transport processes in a thick anode duct. The composite duct investigated
The association between psychosocial work conditions, unemployment, and generalized trust was investigated. The health survey in Skane is a cross-sectional postal questionnaire study with a 59% participation rate. A total of 5,180 persons that belonged to the work force and the unemployed were included. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations between psychosocial facto
InAs has been grown on W-GaAs patterned substrates using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. It is shown that the W pattern guides the nucleation of the InAs on the GaAs substrate and that the islands formed may be used to embed metal features in a hybrid InAs/GaAs structure. A lower resistance (factor of 2) was measured for the hybrid structures as compared to reference structures. The reduction i
