In this paper we investigate some properties of the union bound for a basic MIMO system, assuming uncoded QAM transmission, uncorrelated Rayleigh fading, and maximum likelihood detection. The presented union bound results cover several choices of the number of transmitting and receiving antennas (up to 16). It is also illustrated how the pair-wise error probability approaches the Q( )-function as

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Popular Abstract in Swedish Hur man studerar kommunikation hos tallsteklar Totalt finns det cirka 125 beskrivna tallstekelarter i världen. De tillhör gruppen växtsteklar, och deras larver lever vanligen av tallbarr. Larvernas härjningar kan medföra att träden växer sämre eller rent av dör. Den färdiga stekeln äter inget, utan är helt inriktad på att para sig under sitt 10 –15 dagar korta liv i skPine sawflies (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) are severe pine defoliators. This thesis investigated sawfly behaviour related to the use of pheromones in integrated pest management, including monitoring with pheromone traps and mating disruption. Neodiprion sertiferr females were placed on pine twigs in the field and 11–30 % of the females that remained on their twig after the first mating re-mated. Onl

Conflicts often lead to expression of emotion to unrelated parties. We study non-instrumental emotion expression in binary ultimatum games, where receivers can express emotion either privately or to a third-party audience prior to accepting or rejecting the offer. The possibility of emotion expression to an audience increases welfare, but this is driven by senders behaving more fairly rather than

Background: To assess balance in single-limb stance, center of pressure movements can be registered by stabilometry with force platforms. This can be used for evaluation of injuries to the lower extremities. It is important to ensure that the assessment tools we use in the clinical setting and in research have minimal measurement error. Previous studies have shown that the ability to maintain stan

A study on the noise generated by a subsonic four bladed propeller installed on a wing of an aircraft near the ground is presented. The method used is based on an acoustical analogy developed by Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings. Computations of the flow field are performed using LES with the incompressible fluid assumption, while the noise is evaluated using a non-homogeneous wave equation. The aim is

Popular Abstract in Swedish Melanin är ett pigment som finns i många olika slags vävnader. I hud och hår finns två slags melanin, pheomelanin som är typiskt för rödhåriga personer och eumelanin som finns i större mängd i mörkt hår och hud. Konstaterad korrelation mellan hudcancer och solexponering motiverar forskarna att förstå mer om melanin och dess växelverkan med UV-ljus. Man vet att rödhårigaMelanin is an epidermal pigment commonly known to give darker skin coloration under sun exposure. It is also present in the hair, eyes, inner ear and brain. The first function of epidermis melanin is believed to be photoprotective against harmful ultraviolet (UV) light, but the recent increase of skin cancer correlated to an increase of sun exposure questions the properties of melanin. Its presenc