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Uppsatsen belyser de bevisrättsliga komplikationer som uppstår i resningsä-renden i brottmål. Framställningen tar avstamp i den så kallade bayesianska bevisteorin som går ut på att matematiskt värdera bevisning, vilket skiljer den från en mer utbredd intuitiv inställning till bevisvärdering. Sanningsprincipen och orubblighetsprincipen är två centrala principer inom resningsrätten. SanningsprincipeThe essay highlights the evidentiary complications that arise in the process of reopening criminal cases. The discussion is grounded in the so-called Bayesi-an theory of evidence, which involves mathematically evaluating evidence, distinguishing it from a more widespread intuitive approach to evidence eval-uation. The principle of truth and the principle of finality are two central principles in t

Uppsatsen utreder vilket skydd som finns för marinbiologisk mångfald på det fria havet enligt ramverket som råder på området det vill säga havsrättskon-ventionen, avgränsat till att inte inkludera bestämmelser relaterade till fiske. Syftet äR att, i ljuset av det nya avtalet om bevarande och hållbar användning av marinbiologisk mångfald i områden bortom nationell jurisdiktion (BBNJ - avtalet), undThe essay investigates the protection of biological diversity on the high seas according to the framework that prevails in the area, i.e. the Law of the Sea Convention. However, the essay does not include regulations related to fish- ing. The purpose is to examine the legal situation in the light of the new Agreement on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity in Areas B

Den 1 januari 2023 implementerades ett snabbförfarande i brottmål i syfte att effektivisera lagföringen av enklare mängdbrott. Reformen som kallas ”Snabbare lagföring” innefattar förändrade arbetssätt, nya regelverk och samverkan mellan berörda myndigheter. För att kunna uppnå målsättningen att det endast ska ta två till sex veckor att lagföra vissa brott, måste Polismyndigheten och ÅklagarmyndighOn January 1, 2023, a fast-track procedure for criminal cases was implemented in Sweden to streamline the prosecution of minor offenses. The reform ‘Snabbare lagföring’, which can be translated to ‘Faster prosecution’ in English, includes changed working methods, new regulations, and collaboration between relevant authorities. To achieve the goal of prosecuting certain crimes within two to six wee

Offentlig upphandling regleras på EU-nivå genom bl.a. direktiv 2014/24/EU. Direktivet öppnade upp för medlemsstaterna att beakta miljöhänsyn vid offentlig upphandling i större utsträckning. I linje med detta fastslog EU-domstolen i målet Tim att det finns en hållbarhetsprincip i artikel 18.2 i direktivet, och att denna princip är likställd med de traditionella upphandlingsrättsliga principerna i aPublic procurement is regulated at EU level by e.g. Directive 2014/24/EU. The Directive enabled Member States to consider the environment to a greater extent in public procurement. In line with this, the Court of Justice of the EU established, in the case Tim, that there is a principle of sustainability in Article 18(2) of the Directive, and this principle is equivalent to the traditional procurem

Stakeholder engagement is viewed as crucial for environmental governance, especially in regard to common-pool resources (CPRs), such as river basins. This study investigates the conceptualisation of stakeholder engagement in Ireland’s third cycle River Basin Management Plan (RBMP). The study examines the underlying presumptions and representations of stakeholder engagement in governmental discours

Sedan den 1 juli 2018 bygger den svenska sexualbrottslagstiftningen på avsaknad av frivillighet istället för förekomsten av våld, hot eller en särskilt utsatt situation. Till följd av ändringarna tillkom även ett nytt brott i brottsbalken (1962:700) – oaktsam våldtäkt. Syftet var att sända ett normativt budskap och understryka varje människas rätt till sexuell integritet och sexuellt självbestämmaSince 1 July 2018, the Swedish sexual offences legislation is based on the absence of voluntariness instead of the presence of violence, threats or a particularly vulnerable situation. As a result of the amendments, a new offence was added to the Criminal Code (1962:700) – negligent rape. The aim was to send a normative message and emphasise the right of every person to sexual integrity and sexual

Den organiserade brottsligheten står för en betydande andel av beställnings-morden som utförs i samhället. Uppsatsen syftar till att utreda hur den krimi-nella miljöns struktur och hierarki påverkar möjligheten att identifiera och åtala personer för anstiftan till mord. Det finns ingen legaldefinition av begreppet organiserad brottslighet men Brå har tagit fram kännetecken. Organiserad brottsligOrganized crime accounts for a large share of the contract killings committed in the society. The essay aims to investigate how the structure and hierarchy of the criminal environments affects the possibility to identify and prosecute individuals for incitement of murder. There is no legal definition of the concept organized crime, but Brå has devel-oped characteristics. Organized crime concerns

Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda och analysera hur införandet av the Principal Purpose Test(PPT-klausulen) i svenska skatteavtal kommer påverka den svenska hanteringen av missbruk av skatteavtalsbestämmelser. Eftersom PPT-klausulen, genom den Mulitlaterala konventionen för att motverka skat-teflykt, har införlivats i skatteavtalet mellan Sverige och Storbritannien, kommer analysen göras med The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyse how the introduction of the Principal Purpose Test (the PPT clause) in Swedish tax treaties will affect the Swedish handling of abuse of tax treaty provisions. Since the PPT clause, through the Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures, has been incorporated into the tax treaty between Sweden and the United Kingdom, the ana

This thesis investigates the evolving political attitudes and behaviours toward democracy among young Kenyans, examining whether they are becoming increasingly apathetic toward democracy or are evolving innovative democratic behaviours. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative data from Afrobarometer surveys with qualitative interviews with Kenyan youths conducted during

ICTR, ICTY och ICC har tolkat rekvisitet ”avsikt att helt eller delvis förgöra en nationell, etnisk, rasmässigt bestämd eller religiös folkgrupp” i artikel II i FN:s folkmordskonvention som dolus specialis. Denna tolkning av upp-såtskravet har kritiserats av många på grund av dess stränga uppsåtskrav. Följaktligen har olika alternativa tolkningar utvecklats i doktrin. I detta avse-ende undersöker The prevailing view in the international case law interprets the “intent to de-stroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group” re-quirement in Article II of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide as a special or specific intent (dolus specialis). This interpretation of genocidal intent has been criticized by many scholars regarding its stringent re

Många företag verkar idag i globala och ofta mycket komplexa värdekedjor; vägen från råmaterial till färdig produkt kan korsa flera kontinenter, ibland många gånger. Dessa värdekedjor uppmärksammas allt oftare som hem åt omfattande människorättskränkningar, däribland mot arbetare. Med anledning av detta har flera initiativ tagits de senaste åren, både i Europa och internationellt, som syftar till Many modern-day businesses operate in global and highly complex value chains; the journey from raw material to finished product can span multiple continents, sometimes numerous times. These global value chains are increasingly being recognized as home to extensive human rights abuses, including against workers. To address this, several initiatives have been introduced in recent years, both in Euro

Den 9 december 1948 antogs konventionen om förebyggande och bestraffning av brottet folkmord. Begreppet “folkmord”, myntat av den framlidne professorn Raphael Lemkin, definieras som den systematiska förintelsen av gruppers grundläggande livsvillkor med syftet att förinta gruppen i sig. I artikel II av folkmordskonventionen definieras folkmord istället som handlingar som “förövas i avsikt att förinOn the 9th of December 1948, the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide was adopted. The term “genocide”, coined by the late American–Polish professor Raphael Lemkin, is defined as the systematic destruction of the essential foundations of life for groups – with the aim of annihilating the groups themselves. Article II of the Convention instead states genocide is an a

En omdiskuterad fråga i Sverige är så kallade uppfostringsresor. Uppfostringsresor innebär att barn skickas utomlands för att ”uppfostras”. Barnen riskerar under dessa resor att utsättas för olika typer av övergrepp. För att motverka utlandsresor där barn far illa har riksdagen antagit propositionen 2023/24:72 om det utvidgade utreseförbudet i lagen (1990:52) med bestämmelser om vård av unga. Det A debated issue in Sweden are the so-called “disciplinary trips”. These trips involve sending children abroad to be "disciplined". During these trips children are at risk to be subjected to various forms of abuse. The Swedish parliament has recently approved a bill which proposes to extend the travel ban in the Swedish Care of Young Persons Act (SFS 1990:52). The extended travel ban has

Food systems can negatively impact the environment and human health, posing challenges to global sustainability goals. Employing the Three Spheres of Transformation framework, this thesis examines sustainable entrepreneurs' role in transforming food systems to support plant-based food consumption. Focusing on Swedish plant-based alternative food start-ups, I conducted 11 interviews to explore

This thesis reviews Colombia's waste management policies, decrees, and laws to scrutinize the country's discourses on waste management and their potential impact on waste pickers. Employing critical discourse analysis and Bacchi's What's the Problem Represented to be? (WPR) approach, the study critically examines these discourses. It identifies the prevailing discourse of free comp

The main goal with the thesis was to design, construct and evaluate a system able to drive and brake a mechanical axis to simulate loads and stored rotational energy - a hardware force simulator. The force simulator was then to be integrated in a existing hardware-in-the-loop testing rig to enhance the mechanical dynamics of door simulations. The force simulator was to be realised using a brushed

The world needs rapid transformation if we are to shift towards more just and regenerative socio-ecological futures. In merging scholarly fields of transformation studies, regeneration and ethics of care this thesis explores the connection between inner-outer regeneration through the in-depth study of a transformative caring process. With a focus on lived experience and affects, this study conduct

The European Spallation Source (ESS) infrastructure is being constructed in Lund, and will be one of the most powerful research facilities of its type in the world. The ESS linear accelerator (linac) utilizes different accelerating sections where a wide variety of techniques should be employed to accelerate a beam of protons to 2 GeV kinetic energy through Radio Frequency (RF) cavities before bein

English teachers in Swedish upper secondary school often focus on Standard British and American English, although they agree with the syllabus that different varieties of English should be included in teaching. This study aimed to investigate to what extent English teachers include different varieties of English in the classroom. Previous work has failed to provide a comprehensive overview of the