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LES of swirling flows in gas turbine combustion chambers

The flow and mixing in a swirl-stabilized gas-turbine burner is studied by Large Eddy Simulations (LES). Each swirler has a different mass flux and swirl angle. The interaction between neighbouring jets is studied, co-rotating and counter rotating jets are considered. Another issue of importance is related to the jet inlet conditions (e.g. axial distribution and levels of turbulence). In addition

Publish Late, Publish Rarely! : Network Density and Group Performance in Scientific Communication

Research programs regularly compete to achieve the same goal, such as the discovery of the structure of DNA or the construction of a TEA laser. The more the competing programs share information, the faster the goal is likely to be reached, to society’s benefit. But the “priority rule”-the scientific norm according to which the first program to reach the goal in question must receive all the credit

Voluntary Coercion. Collective Action and the Social Contract

This work provides a game theoretical analysis of the classical idea of a social contract. According to what we might call the Hobbesian justification of the state, coercion is necessary in order to provide people with basic security and to enable them to successfully engage in mutually beneficial cooperation. The establishment and maintenance of a central coercive power, i.e. a state, can therefo

Victims of Conservation or Rights as Forest Dwellers: The Van Gujjar pastoralists between contesting codes of law

The Van (forest) Gujjars, surviving as forest pastoralists in the central part of the Indian Himalaya, are a people who, due to their nomadic lifestyle, have since colonial rule found themselves at the margin of Indian society. This paper will look at the relationship between the Van Gujjars and their forest base in a historical perspective from colonial rule to 'conservation of nature' and the 'r

Regulation of chloroplast gene expression in higher plants

Chloroplast gene expression is regulated by developmental and environmental signals. It has been proposed that there is a direct coupling between electron transport in biological membranes and gene expression (J. F. Allen, 1992, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1098, 275-335). The hypothesis predicts the existence of a sensor in the thylakoid membrane capable of transmitting redox signals to the chloroplast

Real-World Applications of Laser Spectroscopy

Laser spectroscopic techniques are powerful tools for monitoring real-world phenomena. A wide variety of methods for establishing spectroscopic contact with a species exist: Absorption, emission, fluorescence, Raman scattering, acousto-optic, and opto-galvanic phenomena. Extreme sensitivity and specificity characterize the methods, which can be used for in situ monitoring and, in some cases, for r