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Viruses that infect single-celled algae strongly regulate microalgae growth and community composition through cell lysis, enable nutrient recycling in marine ecosystems, and offer valuable insights into early stages of viral evolution. One major group, the Bacilladnaviridae family of single-stranded DNA viruses, infects diatoms in marine environments. Here, we present the capsid structure of Ch

Dark matter (DM) is one of the major components in the Universe. However, at present its existence is still only inferred through indirect astronomical observations. DM particles can annihilate or decay, producing final-state Standard Model pairs that subsequently annihilate into high-energy γrays. The dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) in the Milky Way DM halo have long been considered optimal tar

Modern imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes have extensively observed young nearby supernova remnants (SNRs), with ages of about 1000 years or less, in the very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray band. These efforts resulted in the detection of VHE emission from three young SNRs – Cassiopeia A, Tycho, and SN 1006 – and provided significant evidence for emission from the more distant Kepler’s SNR. How

Bryophytes constitute a diverse plant group with important roles in ecosystem functioning, in particular in arctic and subarctic environments. As they are physiologically strongly dependent on climatic conditions bryophytes could serve as indicators of ongoing climatic change. Their spores are generally dispersed by wind, and because of contrasting phenologies among species, the composition of the

Boreal forests emit terpenoid biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) that significantly affect atmospheric chemistry. Our understanding of the variation of BVOC species emitted from boreal ecosystems is based on relatively few datasets, especially at the ecosystem-level. We conducted measurements to obtain BVOC flux observations above the boreal forest at the ICOS (Integrated Carbon Observati

Allt fler kommuner utformar och använder digitala tvillingar eller 3D stadsmodeller för att tillgodose sina behov inom bl.a. stadsplanering och bygglov. Inom byggbranschen så ökar användningen av byggnadsinformationsmodellering (BIM) i framförallt planering- och projekteringsstadiet. Frågan är hur man kan utbyta denna digitala information från respektive bransch i bygglovsprövningar. I nuläget såAn increasing number of cities are modelling their built environment in three-dimensional (3D) city models to plan their cities more efficiently. In parallel, the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry are increasingly relying on Building Information Models (BIM) when designing, constructing and managing facilities such as buildings. These new means of storing, presenting and ex

OBJECTIVE: The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) is widely used for assessing disease activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), particularly in settings where markers of inflammation are unavailable. As no consensus on BASDAI cut-off values exists for disease activity states in axSpA, we aimed to develop and validate such cut-offs against external criteri

At the emergency department, it is important to quickly and accurately identify patients at risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). One of the main tools for detecting AMI is the electrocardiogram (ECG), which can be difficult to interpret manually. There is a long history of applying machine learning algorithms to ECGs, but such algorithms are quite data hungry, and correctly labeled high-qual

Cell cultures form the backbone for scientific research and development, but also for clinical diagnostics and biotechnology. Supplying cells in vitro with growth factors, hormones, and other nutrients is achieved most often by supplementing culture media with fetal bovine serum (FBS). Despite its nearly ubiquitous use, there are major reproducibility, safety, and animal welfare issues arguing the

Background: The motivation for this study is the growing prevalence of cohabitation over remarriage in stepfamily formation. Despite this trend, there is limited research on how cohabitation versus remarriage affects children’s educational outcomes. This study examines these differences, focusing on ninth grade educational performance in Denmark.Objective: The study investigates: How do grades dif

AIMS: Metformin has hitherto not been proven superior to other type 2 diabetes (T2D) medications for the prevention of organ complications. The aim of this study is to report baseline data and blinded interim analyses in the register-based randomised clinical trial (RRCT) SMARTEST, which compares metformin and the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in early T2D. We also present learnings from the novel

Background and ObjectivesSpinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) and other neurodegenerative cerebellar ataxias (N-SCAs) involve alterations in cerebellar structure and function, affecting motor control and sensorimotor integration but also cognitive functions such as visuospatial processing. The cerebellum is essential for sensorimotor functions, and it contributes to cognition. The study aims to assess s

It is predicted that continentality, a climate parameter representative of a region’s annual temperature and precipitation range, will undergo significant changes in the future. The lack of past continentality reconstructions makes it impossible to decipher any long-term patterns of continentality changes. Here, we investigate the extent to which continentality influences modern chironomid assembl

Background Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders. We developed a lifestyle intervention, named LIFT, aimed at improving lifestyle habits (physical activity, diet, alcohol and tobacco use, stress, sleep) and reducing cardiometabolic risk factors in OCD. Aims This study aimed to establish the feasibility and acceptability of LIFT, evalu

STUDY QUESTION Which spermatogonial differentiation states are present in prepubertal testes under normal conditions and following chemotherapy-induced depletion of spermatogonia in paediatric patients with cancer? SUMMARY ANSWER Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals that only undifferentiated spermatogonia are present in prepubertal boys, while differentiated states emerge during puberty, w

Background: Previous reports from relatively small clinical cohorts have suggested that the clinical presentation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) differs between men and women. Objective: We aimed to explore sex differences in clinical and polysomnographic features of OSA in a large nationwide registry. Methods: Participants from the ongoing Turkish Sleep Apnea Database (TURKAPNE) Study from 34 c

Mechanisms of the aerosol indirect effects (AIEs) from ice nucleating particles (INPs) are investigated with the cloud-resolving “aerosol–cloud” (AC) model with a hybrid bin–bulk microphysics scheme coupled with a radiation scheme in 1) continental deep convection observed during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E) over Oklahoma and 2) supercooled stratiform clouds obse