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Perspectives of stakeholders on tourist vulnerability to wildfires in cross-border regions

This paper presents findings from a qualitative study on tourist vulnerability in wildfire scenarios considering the perspectives of tourist infrastructure owners/managers, fire and rescue service, municipality managers, researchers, and other emergency managers in Spain-France border regions. Through a thematic analysis of twenty survey responses, this study presents the critical factors influenc

Inferring fast ecotypic divergence in a protected marine area : comparing QST and FST patterns in Littorina saxatilis subpopulations from Cíes Islands in Spain

The intertidal snail Littorina saxatilis is well known for its remarkable variety of locally adapted populations. A unique L. saxatilis habitat is represented by the sheltered rocky environment found in the natural coastal lagoon of the Cíes Islands (NW Spain). The present-day characteristics of this habitat are relatively recent (~ 70–150 years), some of these have been human induced. In this stu

Acceptance and knowledge of evolutionary theory among third-year university students in Spain

The theory of evolution is one of the greatest scientific achievements in the intellectual history of humankind, yet it is still contentious within certain social groups. Despite being as robust and evidence-based as any other notable scientific theory, some people show a strong reluctance to accept it. In this study, we used the Measure of Acceptance of the Theory of Evolution (MATE) and Knowledg

Comparing shape along growth trajectories in two marine snail ecotypes of Littorina saxatilis : A test of evolution by paedomorphosis

Two sympatric ecotypes ('crab' and 'wave') of Littorina saxatilis are adapted to different microhabitats. It has been claimed, based on the comparison of proteomic differentiation across ontogeny, that the wave ecotype may have evolved by paedomorphosis from an ancestor more similar to the crab ecotype. Here, we test the paedomorphosis hypothesis at a morphological level by comparing crab and wave

Negative assortative mating and maintenance of shell colour polymorphism in Littorina (Neritrema) species

Colour polymorphism is a widespread phenomenon in natural populations of several species. In particular, it is especially common on marine gastropod species from the genus Littorina. Recently, it has been argued that intrapopulation shell colour polymorphism in Littorina fabalis could be caused by negative frequency-dependent sexual selection via a mechanism of mate choice (indirectly estimated th

Using interactive platforms to encode, manage and explore immune-related adverse outcome pathways

This work focuses on the need for modeling and predicting adverse outcomes in immunotoxicology to improve nonclinical assessments of the safety of immunomodulatory therapies. The integrated approach includes, first, the adverse outcome pathway concept established in the toxicology field, and, second, the systems medicine disease map approach for describing molecular mechanisms involved in a partic

Incommensurability and the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis : taking Kuhn seriously

In this paper, we analyze the debate between the Modern Synthesis and the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis in light of the concept of incommensurability developed by Thomas Kuhn. In order to do so, first we briefly present both the Modern Synthesis and the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis. Then, we clarify the meaning and interpretations of incommensurability throughout Kuhn’s works, concluding that

Shell color polymorphism in marine gastropods

Marine gastropods are characterized by an incredible variation in shell color. In this review, we aim to introduce researchers to previous studies of shell color polymorphism in this group of animals, trying to provide an overview of the topic and highlighting some potential avenues for future research. For this, we tackle the different aspects of shell color polymorphism in marine gastropods: its

Competition and climate policy in the steel transition : Comparing costs and subsidies in the US and the EU

The nexus of climate policy and “competitiveness”—how to transition to clean energy while ensuring a competitive economy—is a concern on both sides of the Atlantic. In the United States and the European Union, there has been an attempt to resolve the issue by turning towards green industrial policy and subsidies for low-carbon production, sparking a debate on the merits and risks of a ‘subsidy rac

Temporal stability and directional change in a color cline of a marine snail from NW Spain

The evolution and maintenance of color clines is a classic topic of research in evolutionary ecology. However, studies analyzing the temporal dynamics of such clines are much less frequent, due to the difficulty of obtaining reliable data about past color distributions along environmental gradients. In this article, we describe a case of decades-long temporal stability and directional change in a

Experimental evidence of mate choice as the driving mechanism behind negative assortative mating for shell colour in a marine snail

How colour polymorphisms are maintained in natural populations constitutes a key subject of study for evolutionary ecologists. One of the mechanisms that has been put forward to explain this phenomenon is negative frequency-dependent selection, which can be caused by different mechanisms. Among these mechanisms is mate choice, or the selection as a potential mate of the rare or dissimilar colour m

The role of contextual and individual factors in male mate choice for size in a marine snail

Echinolittorina malaccana, a marine gastropod living on rocky shores along the Indo-West Pacific coasts, shows consistent mate choice in which males prefer to mate with females slightly larger than themselves. Previous studies suggest that the strength of this preference is, to a certain extent, context dependent, being influenced by both demographic and individual (potentially genetic) factors. T

Non-technical skills in engineering education as a concept

To have a successful career in engineering, students need both technical engineering skills and non-technical engineering skills (NTES) in the transition to professional life. To address NTES in engineering education, the concept of six compulsory ‘engineering days’ were introduced in two engineering programs at the undergraduate level. The importance of different NTES for industry has been evalua

Life and Mind : Theoretical and Applied Issues in Contemporary Philosophy of Biology and Cognitive Sciences

In recent times, the philosophy of science has been reinvigorated by insights from the biological and cognitive sciences. These disciplines have provided not only new perspectives to approach traditional philosophical problems but have also opened the way to new conceptual and methodological questions that call for new and innovative solutions.This book brings together some of the main debates tha

Fibrinogen genotypes and their impact on recurrence of venous thromboembolism and family history : A prospective population-based study

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) involves blood clot formation in veins, resulting in serious health issues. Fibrinogen, a crucial clotting protein, consists of three polypeptides encoded by the fibrinogen genes: alpha (FGA), beta (FGB) and gamma (FGG). We genotyped most common missense variants in the fibrinogen genes in relation to VTE, recurrence and family history in Malmö Thrombophilia Study, inc

A note on judgments and behavior : Distancing and Corona virus exposure

In a questionnaire, participants judged the increase in SARS-CoV-2 virus exposure when moving closer to an infected person. Earlier studies have shown that the actual increase in virus exposure is underestimated and the present study replicated and extended these studies. The primary purpose was to investigate to what extent questionnaire judgments about hypothetical situations can predict judgmen

Incommensurability in Evolutionary Biology: : The Extended Evolutionary Synthesis Controversy

Evolutionary biologists today debate whether it is convenient to revise the standard theory of evolution, or if an Extended Evolutionary Synthesis is necessary. However, the conceptual relationship between the standard theory of evolution (also known as the Modern Synthesis) and a putative Extended Evolutionary Synthesis is not clear. One concept in philosophy of science that has traditionally bee

Indoor air pollution in low-income countries - assessment and characterization of particulate matter from cooking with solid biofuels

Based on field measurements in 26 Ethiopian homes, we have estimated an average indoor air exchange rate (AER). In laboratory settings, using on-line methods, we have burned common solid biofuels (charcoal, wood, cow dung, crops residue) in a traditional way, thereby generated airborne particles, and assessed various aerosol characteristics. All the fuels generated PM2.5 (particles smaller than 2.

A 29.5 GHz Rectifier with 14.5 dB Dynamic Power Range for Energy Harvester Using Vertical Nanowire Tunnel FETs

To extend the output DC power range of energy harvester from μW to mW, the 29.5 GHz rectifier using vertical nanowire Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor (VNW-TFET) is presented in this paper. Advantaged by the low threshold voltage, very steep characteristics, and its ability to operate below 60mV/decade, VNW-TFET is a promising device in rectifier design for low power applications. By analyzing the r

Biology and Cognitive Sciences in the Wake of the Practice Turn in Philosophy of Science: : Addressing Old Topics Through New Conceptual Tools

In recent times, the philosophy of science has been reinvigorated by insights from different biological and cognitive sciences. These disciplines have provided not only new approaches to traditional philosophical problems but have also opened the door to new conceptual puzzles. The fundamental aim of this volume is to bring together some of the main debates that have structured the fields of philo