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Granule docking and cargo release in pancreatic beta-cells

Biphasic insulin secretion is required for proper insulin action and is observed not only in vivo, but also in isolated pancreatic islets and even single beta-cells. Late events in the granule life cycle are thought to underlie this temporal pattern. In the last few years, we have therefore combined live cell imaging and electrophysiology to study insulin secretion at the level of individual granu

The Influence of Specimen Size and Distance to a Surface on Resistive Moisture Content Measurements in Wood

The moisture content of wood is commonly determined by measuring the electrical resistance between two electrodes inserted in the wood. However, problems using this method close to wood surfaces were reported in a previous study. In the present study, the effect of the distance to a surface and the specimen size on the measured electrical resistance was studied analytically as follows. The two ele

A GARCH Model for Testing Market Efficiency

In this paper we propose a generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model-based test for a unit root. The model allows for two endogenous structural breaks. We test for unit roots in 156 US stocks listed on the NYSE over the period 1980 to 2007. We find that the unit root null hypothesis is rejected in 40% of the stocks, and only in four out of the nine sectors the null is

Prediction Models for Assessing Long-Term Outcome in Alzheimer's Disease: A Review.

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), placebo-controlled long-term studies of cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) are not permitted for ethical reasons. Therefore, in these studies, patients' outcomes on cognitive and functional assessment scales must be compared with mathematical models or historical data from untreated cohorts. PubMed and previously published long-term extensions of clinical trials and nat

Structural Impact of Platinum on the Incommensurably Modulated γ-Brass Related Composite Structure Pd(15)Zn(54).

The crystal structure of three incommensurately modulated γ-brass related composite structures in the Pd-Zn-Pt system has been solved from X-ray single crystal diffraction data using a 3 + 1-dimensional super space description. The compounds Pt(x)Pd(15-x)Zn(54) (x ≈ 6, 7, 10) crystallize in orthorhombic superspace group Fmmm(α00)0s0 (F = [(1/2, 1/2, 0, 0); (1/2, 0, 1/2, 0); (0, 1/2, 1/2, 0)] with

The dimensionality of between-person differences in white matter microstructure in old age.

Between-person differences in white matter microstructure may partly generalize across the brain and partly play out differently for distinct tracts. We used diffusion-tensor imaging and structural equation modeling to investigate this issue in a sample of 260 adults aged 60-87 years. Mean fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity of seven white matter tracts in each hemisphere were quantified. R

Late Ordovician carbonate mounds from North Greenland: a peri-Laurentian dimension to the Boda Event?

Late Katian (Late Ordovician) carbonate mudmounds in the TuresO Formation, Peary Land, North Greenland, succeed normal marine faunas dominated by brachiopods, bryozoans, cephalopod and gastropod molluscs, aulaceratid stromatoporoids, corals and receptaculitid algae, in the BOrglum River Formation, and are themselves succeeded by organic-rich, largely barren limestones. This peri-Laurentian success

Hyperpnea-Induced Bronchoconstriction and Urinary CC16 Levels in Athletes

BOLGER, C., E. TUFVESSON, M. SUE-CHU, G. DEVEREUX, J. G. AYRES, L. BJERMER, and P. KIPPELEN. Hyperpnea-Induced Bronchoconstriction and Urinary CC16 Levels in Athletes. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 43, No. 7, pp. 1207-1213, 2011. Purpose: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a common condition in both individuals with asthma and otherwise healthy elite athletes. Although excessive water l

Improved modelling of atmospheric ammonia over Denmark using the coupled modelling system DAMOS

A local-scale Gaussian dispersion-deposition model (OML-DEP) has been coupled to a regional chemistry-transport model (DEHM with a resolution of approximately 6 km x 6 km over Denmark) in the Danish Ammonia Modelling System, DAMOS. Thereby, it has been possible to model the distribution of ammonia concentrations and depositions on a spatial resolution down to 400 m x 400 m for selected areas in De

Post-Soviet Intimacies: An Introduction

This article frames the “Post-Soviet Intimacies” special issue collection. We begin through briefly using Russia as a special case for the wider Soviet sphere and situating recent Russian developments in sexual politics alongside its internal and external conflicts. Our key interpretive frame is that intimacy politics serve as a master key for understanding political and economic patriarchy. After

Chiral Dihydrobenzofuran Acids Show Potent Retinoid X Receptor-Nuclear Receptor Related 1 Protein Dimer Activation.

The nuclear receptor Nurr1 can be activated by RXR via heterodimerization (RXR-Nurr1) and is a promising target for treating neurodegenerative diseases. We herein report the enantioselective synthesis and SAR of sterically constricted benzofurans at RXR. The established SAR, using whole cell functional assays, lead to the full agonist 9a at RXR (pEC50 of 8.2) and RXR-Nurr1. The X-ray structure sho

Automatic Compartment Modelling and Segmentation for Dynamical Renal Scintigraphies

Time-resolved medical data has important applications in a large variety of medical applications. In this paper we study automatic analysis of dynamical renal scintigraphies. The traditional analysis pipeline for dynamical renal scintigraphies is to use manual or semiautomatic methods for segmentation of pixels into physical compartments, extract their corresponding time-activity curves and then c

Transparent and flexible, nanostructured and mediatorless glucose/oxygen enzymatic fuel cells

Here we detail transparent, flexible, nanostructured, membrane-less and mediator-free glucose/oxygen enzymatic fuel cells, which can be reproducibly fabricated with industrial scale throughput. The electrodes were built on a biocompatible flexible polymer, while nanoimprint lithography was used for their nanostructuring. The electrodes were covered with gold, their surfaces were visualised using s

Effects on gut properties in exocrine pancreatic insufficient (EPI) pigs, being growth retarded due to pancreatic duct ligation at 7 weeks but not at 16 weeks of age.

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) induced in young pigs by pancreatic duct ligation (PDL) early after weaning result in total growth deprivation while it has little effect in somewhat older pigs. The main objective was to study effects of EPI on gut structure and function in littermate pigs underwent to PDL at different age.

Frequency determination of rare populations by flow cytometry: A hematopoietic stem cell perspective.

Flow cytometry allows for identification of cellular subsets based on cell intrinsic properties, most often by the use of fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies recognizing distinct cell-surface epitopes that define the cells of interest. Advances in technical instrumentation and the availability of an ever-increasing number of fluorophores, today enables identification of multicolor defined cellular

Effect of geometry optimisations on QM-cluster and QM/MM studies of reaction energies in proteins

We have examined the effect of geometry optimisation on energies calculated with the quantum-mechanical (QM) cluster, the combined QM and molecular-mechanics (QM/MM), the big-QM approaches (very large single-point QM calculations taken from QM/MM-optimised structures, including all atoms within 4.5 Å of the minimal active site, all buried charged groups in the protein, and truncations moved at lea

LifeGene-a large prospective population-based study of global relevance

Studying gene-environment interactions requires that the amount and quality of the lifestyle data is comparable to what is available for the corresponding genomic data. Sweden has several crucial prerequisites for comprehensive longitudinal biomedical research, such as the personal identity number, the universally available national health care system, continuously updated population and health re