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The primary source of dissolved silicon (Si: DSi) is the weathering of silicate minerals. In recent years, it has been shown that Si cycling through vegetation creates a more soluble Si pool in the soil, as amorphous Si (ASi) deposits in plants (phytoliths) are returned to the soil through litter. Amorphous Si accumulation in soils depends on a number of factors, including land use. In addition to

The possible importance of the O-linked glycosylation in virion stability and infectivity of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) was analysed. Enzymatic treatment with O-glycosidase of radiolabelled virions under different ionic conditions, to allow for possible alternative exposure of glycosidic enzyme cleavage sites, did not alter the specific infectivity of virions re-isolated after rat

The mechanisms by which melanin-based colour polymorphism can evolve and be maintained in wild populations are poorly known. Theory predicts that colour morphs have differential sensitivity to environmental conditions. Recently it has been proposed that colour polymorphism covaries genetically with intrinsic and behavioural properties. Plumage moult is a costly and crucial somatic maintenance func

Detection of C2H2 via UV photo-fragmentation, followed by monitoring the C(2)d(3)Pi(g)-a(3)Pi(u) fluorescence, is explored at atmospheric pressure and at temperatures of 295 K, 600 K, and 800 K, for excitation wavelengths 210 to 240 am using a broadband laser source (similar to 3 cm(-1) fwhm). At the lower temperature, C-2 emissions correlate closely with C2H2 (A) over tilde <- X absorption bands,

It has been shown that organized screening decreases prostate cancer (PC) mortality, but the effect of opportunistic screening is largely unknown.

Aim: To investigate quality of life (QOL) and the effect of memantine treatment in patients with Lewy body dementias. Methods: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled study in 70 patients with Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) or dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) over 24 weeks using caregiver-rated QOL-Alzheimer's disease (AD) in domains according to the WHO's classification of health. Resu

HIV-1 is divided into different subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) but the impact of HIV-1 subtype/CRF on disease progression is not fully understood. We determined the HIV-1 subtype/CRF of 152 seroincident individuals from Guinea-Bissau, based on the C2-V3 region of env. Rate of disease progression was measured as time from estimated seroconversion to AIDS and AIDS-related death. H

Dijet events produced in LHC proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy root s = 8 TeV are studied with the ATLAS detector using the full 2012 data set, with an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb(-1). Dijet masses up to about 4.5 TeV are probed. No resonancelike features are observed in the dijet mass spectrum. Limits on the cross section times acceptance are set at the 95% credibility leve

Aggregation of gold nanoparticles into soluble spherical assemblies using bi-functional ligands i.e., dithiols has recently been demonstrated but with limited control over the size of such assemblies. Herein, we report a new approach to further control the size of water dispersible spherical assemblies by confining gold nanoparticles in tiny oil droplets in water (oil-in-water emulsions) followed

Two new flavonol derivatives, Geranioside A (kaempferol 3-[3-(alpha-rhamnopyranosyl)-4-oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyl-3,4-dihyropyran-2H -2-pyranoside]) (1) and Geranioside B (quercetin 3-[3-(alpha-rhamnopyranosyl)-4-oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyl-3,4-dihyropyran-2H -2-pyranoside]) (2), along with 5 known flavonols (quercetin (3), kaempferol (4), quercetin 4'-O-beta-glucopyranoside (5), quercetin 3-O-beta-glucopy

The activated RAS/RAF cascade plays a crucial role in lung cancer, but is also known to induce cellular senescence - a major barrier imposed to tumor cells early in tumorigenesis. MYC is a key factor in suppression of RAS/BRAFV600E-induced senescence in vitro. However, it is still unclear whether Myc has the same role during tumor development in vivo. Using a conditional, compound knock-in model o

Molecular profiles of asynchronous breast cancer metastases are of clinical relevance to individual patients' treatment, whereas the role of profiles in synchronous lymph node metastases is not defined. The present study aimed to assess individual biomarkers and molecular subtypes according to the St Gallen classification in primary breast tumours, synchronous lymph node metastases and asynchronou

Estrogen exerts vasculoprotective effects in different experimental settings through inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, stimulation of nitric oxide production and attenuation of inflammation. Although these estrogen-evoked beneficial effects have been attributed to estrogen receptor α (ERα), also ERβ and the novel ER GPR30/GPER1 probably play significant roles in vascular est

It has been argued that the study of child L2 development can inform different maturational accounts of language acquisition. One such specific proposal was put forward by Meisel (2008) arguing for a cut-off point for (2)L1 type of development at 3-4 years. The paper analyses the longitudinal development of object clitics in child L2 French (L1 Swedish) and compares the developmental sequence in c

Objective: it is not known how acupuncture is used in midwifery care in Sweden and what kind of requirements health-care providers have for midwives and acupuncture training programmes. The aims of this study were to survey indications for the use of acupuncture in midwifery care in Sweden, and to examine the criteria and requirements used for purchase of acupuncture education programmes. Design:

BACKGROUND: Knowledge about the social and economical determinants of prescription is relevant in health care systems like the Swedish one, which is based on the principle of equity, and which aims to allocate resources on the basis of need and not on criteria that are based on social constructs. We therefore investigated the association between patient and health care practice (HCP) characteristi

Cancer in children and adolescents is rare and biologically very different from cancer in adults. It accounts for 1.4% of all cancers worldwide, although this proportion ranges from 0.5% in Europe to 4.8% in Africa, largely because of differences in age composition and life expectancy. In high-income countries, survival from childhood cancer has reached 80% through a continuous focus on the integr

BACKGROUND: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements are helpful in managing patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), and testing the cerebrovascular reactivity to CO(2) provides information about injury severity and outcome. The complexity and potential hazard of performing CBF measurements limits routine clinical use. An alternative approach is to measure the CBF velocity using bedside, non-in