Sökresultat

Filtyp

Din sökning på "*" gav 529814 sökträffar

Motivation crowding by economic incentives in conservation policy: A review of the empirical evidence

The paper seeks to advance our understanding of the extent to which the use of economic incentives can undermine ("crowd out") or reinforce ("crowd in") people's intrinsic motivations to engage in biodiversity and ecosystem conservation. We first synthesize and classify the psychological mechanisms behind motivation crowding effects. Then we conduct a systematic review of empirical studies that te

Palaeoenvironmental significance of cool- water microbialites in the Darriwilian ( Middle Ordovician) of Sweden

Well-developed oncoids and centimetre-sized stromatolites are reported for the first time from the Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) cool-water orthoceratite limestone' at Kinnekulle, Vastergotland, Sweden. The characteristics and stratigraphical distribution of these microbialites show an apparent relationship to fluctuations in relative sea level. The most abundant and well-developed oncoids occur

The modest environmental relief resulting from the transition to the service economy

A service transition is supposed to lead to the decline of energy intensity (energy/GDP). We argue that this interpretation is overly optimistic because the shift to a service economy is somewhat of an illusion in terms of real production. Several recent studies of structural effects on energy intensity have made the error of using sector shares in current prices, combined with GDP in constant pri

Prevalence, incidence and progression of hand osteoarthritis in the general population: the Framingham Osteoarthritis Study

Objectives To describe the prevalence and longitudinal course of radiographic, erosive and symptomatic hand osteoarthritis (HOA) in the general population. Methods Framingham osteoarthritis (OA) study participants obtained bilateral hand radiographs at baseline and 9-year follow-up. The authors defined radiographic HOA at joint level as Kellgren-Lawrence grade (KLG)>= 2, erosive HOA as KLG >= 2 pl

Antiproliferative effects of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) extracts on human colon and liver cancer cell lines

Sea buckthorn berries contain many bioactive compounds that have anticancer properties. To investigate whether the anti proliferative effects Could be associated with the presence of certain compounds. a sequential extraction was performed. The extraction started with heptane followed by ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water. A second protocol using ethanol:water (1:1) was also used. The contents of t

Translational and functional analyses of microRNAs in prostate cancer

Popular Abstract in Swedish Prostatacancer drabbar män över hela världen; i Sverige får ungefär 10 000 personer diagnosen varje år. För den enskilda individen kan följderna innebära fysiskt och psykiskt lidande, men även samhället belastas med höga vårdkostnader. För att undvika onödigt lidande, men också minska kostnaderna är det nödvändigt att ta fram nya läkemedel och metoder för att i god tid The aims of this thesis were to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) with prostate cancer prognostic and diagnostic potential, to discover miRNAs with therapeutic capacity against prostate cancer, and to investigate if prostate specific antigen (PSA) is miRNA regulated. Prostate cancer is a globally spread disease with low mortality, but some patients develop an aggressive lethal form of prostate cancer w

End-tagging of ultra-short antimicrobial peptides by W/F stretches to facilitate bacterial killing.

BACKGROUND: Due to increasing resistance development among bacteria, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), are receiving increased attention. Ideally, AMP should display high bactericidal potency, but low toxicity against (human) eukaryotic cells. Additionally, short and proteolytically stable AMPs are desired to maximize bioavailability and therapeutic versatility. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A

Effects of Added Surfactant on Swelling and Molecular Transport in Drug-Loaded Tablets Based on Hydrophobically Modified Poly(acrylic acid)

A combination of NMR chemical shift imaging and self-diffusion experiments is shown to give a detailed molecular picture of the events that occur when tablets of hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid) loaded with a drug (griseofulvin) swell in water in the presence or absence of surfactant (sodium octylbenzenesulfonate). The hydrophobic substituents on the polymer bind and trap the surfactant

Extraction of water-soluble hemicelluloses from barley husks.

Heat treatment of barley husks was performed to extract arabinoxylan with high yield and high weight-averaged molecular mass (M(W)). Microwave irradiation was employed for initial screening of suitable residence times (2-15min), temperatures (120-210 degrees C) and initial pH (3-13) of the reaction slurry. Microwave irradiation was shown to be a good method for predicting the effects of heat treat

Epidemiological aspects of ankylosing spondylitis in Sweden. Characterization, prevalence and prognosis

Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, potentially disabling, inflammatory disease that poses a longstanding burden on the patient and the society. The epidemiology of AS in Sweden has not been extensively studied previously. Radiographic and self-perceived health information from 1,005 men aged 69-81 years, showed a prevalence of moderate to severe radiographic sacroiliitis of 1.4% (95% Confid

Analytical model of beach erosion and overwash during storms

During severe storms high waves and water levels may greatly impact the sub-aerial portion of the beach inducing significant morphological change at elevations that the waves can not reach under normal conditions. Morphological formations such as dunes and barrier islands may suffer from direct wave impact and erode. Overwash occurs if the wave run-up and/or the mean water level are sufficiently h

Atomic origin of the scanning tunneling microscopy images of charge-density-waves on 1T-TaSe2

We show atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of charge density waves (CDWs) at room temperature together with angle-resolved photoelectron band-mapping of 1T-TaSe2. By comparing the results of these two techniques, we demonstrate the atomic structure of the CDW-features observed by the STM and atomic origin of the reconstructed band-structure in this material. (c) 2007 El

Towards global consensus on outcome measures for atopic eczema research: results of the HOME II meeting

The use of nonstandardized and inadequately validated outcome measures in atopic eczema trials is a major obstacle to practising evidence-based dermatology. The Harmonising Outcome Measures for Eczema (HOME) initiative is an international multiprofessional group dedicated to atopic eczema outcomes research. In June 2011, the HOME initiative conducted a consensus study involving 43 individuals from

Fetthaltiga mjukdelstumörer i rörelseapparaten ofta godartade.

Most musculoskeletal soft tissue tumors are benign, lipoma being the most common. Malignant soft tissue tumors may be difficult to clinically distinguish from benign.Scandinavian recommendations are that all lesions suspicious for sarcoma be referred to a sarcoma center. This has led to improved tumor control and less post-operative functional deficits.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can reliably

Design, development and application of a bioelectrochemical detection system for meat tenderness prediction.

The analytical method described, based on antibody-antigen bio-recognition and the measuring system for amperometric detection, was designed for accurate, easy to use and cost effective quantification of calpastatin, a meat tenderness biomarker. The novel assay for calpastatin quantification was integrated in a portable electrochemical device known as the Tendercheck system and was used to analyze

Influence of MRP2 on MPA pharmacokinetics in renal transplant recipients-results of the Pharmacogenomic Substudy within the Symphony Study

Background. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MRP2 genes and mycophenolic acid (MPA) pharmacokinetics in renal transplant recipients of the Symphony Pharmacogenomic substudy. Methods. Sixty-six renal transplant recipients of eight Spanish centres were randomized into four branches of immunosuppressive regimen: low dose of cycl

Modifying the adsorption characteristics of water on Ru{0001} with preadsorbed oxygen

The coadsorption of water and preadsorbed oxygen on Ru{0001) was studied by synchrotron-based high-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A dramatic change was observed in the interaction of water with oxygen between low and high oxygen precoverages. Low oxygen coverages below 0.18 ML induce partial dissociation, which leads to an adsorbed layer of H2O and OH. Around half the oxygen atoms ta