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Treatment Utilisation and Satisfaction With Management in Individuals With Osteoarthritis and Metabolic Multimorbidity : A Cross-Sectional Multi-Country Study
Purpose: To compare treatment utilisation for osteoarthritis (OA) and satisfaction with OA management between individuals with and without comorbid metabolic conditions (e.g., diabetes, obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension). Methods: Secondary analysis of a cross-sectional international survey study (Italy, Russia, Sweden) on people ≥ 40 years old with knee/hip OA. Metabolic comorbidity was self-r
Does competitive pressure drive effective corporate actions?
Competitive pressure is an important driving factor of corporate behavioural changes. Yet, it is still unclear how it influences corporate attitudes towards environmental challenges. In this study, we systematically analyse the sustainability behaviour of a global sample of publicly traded firms to examine if and how competitive pressure pushes firms to implement effective behavioural changes to r
Neonicotinoid insecticide causes multigenerational impairment of inducible antipredator defenses in Daphnia
Nowadays organisms encounter not only natural challenges from predators but also significant anthropogenic stressors, such as insecticides, which can profoundly disrupt their normal growth and behavior. However, the knowledge on their potential interactions remains largely unknown, particularly regarding how insecticides may affect predator-prey interactions and prey responses across multiple gene
Understanding the competitive nanostructure evolution in V-doped hard metals by in-situ small-angle neutron scattering and thermodynamic-based modelling
Grain coarsening inhibition in hard metals is regarded as controlled by formation of interface complexions. To date, however, direct experimental insights into the presence and evolution of interface complexions during sintering of hard metals have been lacking. We here present in-situ small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments up to 1500 °C and provide first-hand evidence on the thickness
evoke and evoke+ : design of two large-scale, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies evaluating efficacy, safety, and tolerability of semaglutide in early-stage symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease
Background: Disease-modifying therapies targeting the diverse pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), including neuroinflammation, represent potentially important and novel approaches. The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide is approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity and has an established safety profile. Semaglutide may have a disease-modifying, neuroprotec
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Risk of celiac disease autoimmunity is modified by interactions between CD247 and environmental exposures
Season of birth, viral infections, HLA haplogenotypes and non-HLA variants are implicated in the development of celiac disease and celiac disease autoimmunity, suggesting a combined role of genes and environmental exposures. The aim of the study was to further decipher the biological pathways conveying the season of birth effect in celiac disease autoimmunity to gain novel insights into the early
Blood-Based Epigenetic Biomarkers Associated With Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
There is an increasing need for new biomarkers to improve prediction of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to identify blood-based epigenetic biomarkers associated with incident CKD and develop a methylation risk score (MRS) predicting CKD in individuals with newly diagnosed T2D. DNA methylation was analyzed epigenome wide in blood from 487 individuals
X-ray analysis of nanowires and nanowire devices : structure, function and synthesis
X-ray methods can offer unique insights into the structural and electronic properties of nanomaterials. Recent years have seen a dramatic improvement in both x-ray sources and x-ray optics, providing unprecedented resolution and sensitivity. These developments are particularly useful for nanowires, which are inherently small and give weak signals. This review gives an overview of how different x-r
THE CORONA-PANDEMIC: Sweden and the United Kingdom Compared
The coronavirus pandemic is a health crisìs that has turned into an economic crisis due to the rigid lockdown regimes imposed by many countries. As a result, governments and central banks have taken action to limit the negative economicconsequences of the lockdown measures. Government debts have skyrocketed, and the money supply has expanded at an unprecedented scale. This raises the question: was
Extra-uterine placental transfusion and intact-cord stabilisation of moderately preterm to term infants in caesarean deliveries - A feasibility study with historical control (INTACT-2)
Background: Although delayed umbilical cord clamping (DCC) is universally recommended, implementation has been difficult in caesarean deliveries. The study objective was to test if extra-uterine placental transfusion (delivering the placenta before cord clamping) to facilitate intact-cord stabilisation could be a feasible and safe alternative to DCC (≥ 1 min) for moderately preterm to term infants
Refinement of Protein Extraction Protocols for Human Peripheral Nerve Tissue
Our aim was to establish an effective method for protein extraction from freshly frozen human peripheral nerves, determine the minimum amount required for consistent protein extraction outcomes, and assess which method produced the highest number of protein identities. Five extraction methods were compared using 8 M urea and Ripa buffer using either the Bullet Blender or Bioruptor. Out of the tota
Benchmarking Alzheimer’s disease prediction : personalised risk assessment using polygenic risk scores across various methodologies and genome-wide studies
Background: The success of selecting high risk or early-stage Alzheimer’s disease individuals for the delivery of clinical trials depends on the design and the appropriate recruitment of participants. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) show potential for identifying individuals at risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our study comprehensively examines AD PRS utility using various methods and models. Method
Competition for pollen deposition space on pollinators generates last-male advantage
Many plants have precise pollen placement strategies, ensuring that large amounts of pollen are deposited on small and discrete areas of pollinators' bodies. This may lead to male–male competition if pre-existing pollen (1) is smothered or displaced by pollen from subsequent male flowers or (2) prevents subsequent pollen from attaching to pollinators. We investigated these alternative hypotheses u
The Physical Activity Health Paradox in Type 2 Diabetes
Introduction: The physical activity health paradox refers to the contrasting associations of leisure-time physical activity and occupational physical activity with cardiovascular disease, but whether this applies to Type 2 diabetes risk is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the physical activity health paradox and age-specific Type 2 diabetes. Methods: Working adults (N=5,866) in Denmark age
How circular are large corporations? Evidence from a large-scale survey with senior leaders
The circular economy has been promoted as a way for corporations to radically improve their resource efficiency and effectiveness by narrowing, slowing, closing and regenerating resource flows. However, the degree of implementation of these circular strategies across different geographies and industries is little understood. We conducted a large-scale survey with senior leaders in large corporatio
Features and dolomitizing mechanisms in inner platform facies across the Permian–Triassic boundary (External Dinarides, Croatia)
The strata encompassing the Permian–Triassic boundary interval capture a pivotal period in Earth's history, with significant changes in Phanerozoic Earth system dynamics, culminating in a severe mass extinction. In carbonate platforms, this boundary is marked by a shift from skeletal to microbial carbonate production. Whereas extensive research has focused on the End-Permian Mass Extinction in ope
Truth-Telling in a Priority Pricing Mechanism
This paper studies the impact of truth-telling preferences on aggregate consumer welfare within a priority pricing (PP) mechanism. Traditional models assume individuals always misrepresent private information to maximize payoffs, yet recent evidence suggests there may be an innate preference for truth-telling. By incorporating these preferences into a theoretical framework, I show that PP enhances
Prednisolone versus antihistamine for allergic rhinitis : No significant difference found in randomized trial
Background: Seasonal allergic rhinitis (AR) impacts public health by affecting work productivity and quality of life. The Swedish tree pollen season starts in February with alder and hazel pollination, followed by birch and ends with oak in May. Systemic corticosteroids are often prescribed when topical treatments fail, despite limited evidence supporting their efficacy. Objective: To compare the