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Emerging cellular-based therapies in carbon monoxide poisoning

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless and colorless gas with multiple sources that include engine exhaust, faulty furnaces, and other sources of incomplete combustion of carbon compounds such as house fires. The most serious complications for survivors of consequential CO exposure are persistent neurological sequelae occurring in up to 50% of patients. CO inhibits mitochondrial respiration by specif

Excess of glucocorticoids during late gestation impairs the recovery of offspring’s β-cell function after a postnatal injury

Since prenatal glucocorticoids (GC) excess increases the risk of metabolic dysfunctions in the offspring and its effect on β-cell recovery capacity remains unknown we investigated these aspects in offspring from mice treated with dexamethasone (DEX) in the late pregnancy. Half of the pups were treated with streptozotocin (STZ) on the sixth postnatal day (PN). Functional and molecular analyses were

Ett vatten stiger i mina ögon

I denna text är fokus på Öresundsbron, en förbindelse över ett specifikt vatten som gett den sitt namn. Från att tidigare ha varit en trafikled för båtar blev det med förbindelsen, som även inkluderar en tunnel, möjligt att färdas mellan Danmark och Sverige med bil eller tåg. Jag vill förstå den ambivalens inför bron som framträder när den av skilda anledningar inte är farbar. Centralt är de stark

A novel index to assess low energy fracture risks in patients prescribed antiepileptic drugs

OBJECTIVE: To develop an index assessing the risks of low energy fractures (LEF) in patients prescribed antiepileptic drugs (AED) by exploring five previously suggested risk factors; age, gender, AED-type, epilepsy diagnosis and BMI.METHODS: In a population-based retrospective open cohort study we used real world data from the Electronic Health Register (EHR) in Region Kalmar County, Sweden. 23 20

Quantification of microRNA editing using two-tailed RT-qPCR for improved biomarker discovery

Even though microRNAs have been viewed as promising biomarkers for years, their clinical implementation is still lagging far behind. This is in part due to the lack of RT-qPCR technologies that can differentiate between microRNA isoforms. For example, A-to-I editing of microRNAs through adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) enzymes can affect their expression levels and functional roles, but ed

Sequential Neural Posterior and Likelihood Approximation

We introduce the sequential neural posterior and likelihood approximation (SNPLA) algorithm. SNPLA is a normalizing flows-based algorithm for inference in implicit models, and therefore is a simulation-based inference method that only requires simulations from a generative model. SNPLA avoids Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling and correction-steps of the parameter proposal function that are introdu

PEPSDI: Scalable and flexible inference framework for stochastic dynamic single-cell models

Mathematical modelling is an invaluable tool to describe dynamic cellular processes and to rationalise cell-to-cell variability within the population. This requires statistical methods to infer unknown model parameters from dynamic, multi-individual data accounting for heterogeneity caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic noise. Here we present PEPSDI, a scalable and flexible framework for Bayesian

Simulation-based Inference : From Approximate Bayesian Computation and Particle Methods to Neural Density Estimation

This doctoral thesis in computational statistics utilizes both Monte Carlo methods(approximate Bayesian computation and sequential Monte Carlo) and machine­-learning methods (deep learning and normalizing flows) to develop novel algorithms for infer­ence in implicit Bayesian models. Implicit models are those for which calculating the likelihood function is very challenging (and often impossible),

Antithetic Sampling for Monte Carlo Differentiable Rendering

Stochastic sampling of light transport paths is key to Monte Carlo forward rendering, and previous studies have led to mature techniques capable of drawing high-contribution light paths in complex scenes. These sampling techniques have also been applied to differentiable rendering.In this paper, we demonstrate that path sampling techniques developed for forward rendering can become inefficient for

Identity, Social Media and Politics: How Young Emirati Women Make Sense of Female Politicians in the UAE

Social media offered new opportunities for politicians to engage withpublic. However, little research explored public perceptions of womenpoliticians, and their role in women empowerment, especially in nonWesterncontexts. This study used the qualitative methodology toexplore how young Emirati women made sense of women politicians andtheir social media posts. Drawing from the intersectionality theo

Incidence, prevalence, severity, and risk factors for hip and groin problems in Swedish male ice hockey - A one-season prospective cohort study

CONTEXT: The epidemiological focus on time loss may underestimate the true magnitude of hip and groin problems in male ice hockey players.OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence, incidence and severity of hip and groin problems (time loss and non-time-loss) in Swedish ice hockey players over the course of a season and to explore potential pre-season risk factors for these problems.DESIGN: Prospectiv

Paleolithic diet fraction in post hoc data analysis of a randomized cross-over study comparing Paleolithic diet with diabetes diet

Background: Paleolithic Diet Fraction (PDF), calculated as the fraction of intake from Paleolithic food groups divided by the intake from all food groups, was developed as a measure of compliance hitherto lacking in interventional studies on Paleolithic diet. Mean PDFs in our previously published study comparing Paleolithic diet with a Mediterranean-like diet were around 80% and 40% for the two di

Fear of sex : sexual conflict exposed as avoidance in a parthenogenetic invertebrate

Abstract: Males and females often have divergent evolutionary interests, generating sexual conflicts. This is particularly true in organisms that exhibit facultative sexuality, whereby females are capable of reproducing without fitness costs of mating. Here, we provide the first documented evidence with quantitative tracking showing that sex interacts with social context to determine space-use of

Heat transfer and hydrodynamic properties using different metal-oxide nanostructures in horizontal concentric annular tube : An optimization study

Numerical studies were performed to estimate the heat transfer and hydrodynamic properties of a forced convection turbulent flow using three-dimensional horizontal concentric annuli. This paper applied the standard k–ε turbulence model for the flow range 1 × 104 ≤ Re ≥ 24 × 103. A wide range of parameters like different nanomaterials (Al2O3, CuO, SiO2 and ZnO), different particle nanoshapes (spher

Perspectives on interstitial photodynamic therapy for malignant tumors

Significance: Despite remarkable advances in the core modalities used in combating cancer, malignant diseases remain the second largest cause of death globally. Interstitial photodynamic therapy (IPDT) has emerged as an alternative approach for the treatment of solid tumors. Aim: The aim of our study is to outline the advancements in IPDT in recent years and provide our vision for the inclusion of

A distributed time-lapse camera network to track vegetation phenology with high temporal detail and at varying scales

Near-surface remote sensing techniques are essential monitoring tools to provide spatial and temporal resolutions beyond the capabilities of orbital methods. This high level of detail is especially helpful to monitor specific plant communities and to accurately time the phenological stages of vegetation - which satellites can miss by days or weeks in frequently clouded areas such as the Arctic. In

VAScular and Chronic Obstructive Lung disease (VASCOL) : A longitudinal study on morbidity, symptoms and quality of life among older men in Blekinge county, Sweden

Purpose Despite data showing breathlessness to be more prevalent in older adults, we have little detail about the severity or multidimensional characteristics of breathlessness and other self-reported measures (such as quality of life and other cardiorespiratory-related symptoms) in this group at the population level. We also know little about the relationship between multidimensional breathlessne