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Male-biased recombination at chromosome ends in a songbird revealed by precisely mapping crossover positions

Recombination plays a crucial role in evolution by generating novel haplotypes and disrupting linkage between genes, thereby enhancing the efficiency of selection. Here, we analyze the genomes of 12 great reed warblers (Acrocephalus arundinaceus) in a 3-generation pedigree to identify precise crossover positions along the chromosomes. We located more than 200 crossovers and found that these were h

Frequent hemodialysis versus standard hemodialysis for people with kidney failure : Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background Frequent hemodialysis provided more than three times per week may lower mortality and improve health-related quality of life. Yet, the evidence is inconclusive. We evaluated the benefits and harms of frequent hemodialysis in people with kidney failure compared with standard hemodialysis. Methods We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials including adults on hemodia

The role of exercise training on cardiovascular risk factors and heart disease in patients with chronic kidney disease G3-G5 and G5D : a Clinical Consensus Statement of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology of the ESC and the European Association of Rehabilitation in Chronic Kidney Disease

Cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality is high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Most patients reveal a high prevalence of CV risk factors such as diabetes or arterial hypertension and many have manifest cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as coronary artery disease and chronic heart failure with an increased risk of clinical events including sudden cardiac death. Diabetes mellitu

Localized and Long-Lasting Adaptation in Dragonfly Target-Detecting Neurons

Some visual neurons in the dragonfly (Hemicordulia tau) optic lobe respond to small, moving targets, likely underlying their fast pursuit of prey and conspecifics. In response to repetitive targets presented at short intervals, the spiking activity of these “small target motion detector” (STMD) neurons diminishes over time. Previous experiments limited this adaptation by including intertrial rest

Band terminations and maximum spin values with up to 18 aligned particles (and holes) in the Z,N=50 to 82 shells

Observed rotational bands that terminate or appear to terminate at very high spin are analyzed within the configuration constrained cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky (unpaired CNS or CNSB with pairing) formalism. Spin values for the nuclei discussed reach or come close to the maximum spin that can be built within the Z,N=50-82 shells. Configurations are distinguished not only by the number of particles i

Immune system adaptation during gender-affirming testosterone treatment

Infectious, inflammatory and autoimmune conditions present differently in males and females. SARS-CoV-2 infection in naive males is associated with increased risk of death, whereas females are at increased risk of long COVID1, similar to observations in other infections2. Females respond more strongly to vaccines, and adverse reactions are more frequent3, like most autoimmune diseases4. Immunologi

HMGA1 stimulates cancer stem-like features and sensitivity to monensin in gastric cancer

Gastric cancer represents a serious health problem worldwide, with insufficient molecular biomarkers and therapeutic options. Consequently, several efforts have been directed towards finding specific disease markers in order to develop new therapies capable of defeating gastric cancer. Attention has been pointed to cancer stem cells (CSCs) as they are primarily responsible for tumor initiation and

Capacity for the management of kidney failure in the International Society of Nephrology Western Europe region : report from the 2023 ISN Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA)

Western Europe boasts advanced health care systems, robust kidney care guidelines, and a well-established health care workforce. Despite this, significant disparities in kidney replacement therapy incidence, prevalence, and transplant access exist. This paper presents the third International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas's findings on kidney care availability, accessibility, aff

Peer-to-peer training among health care professionals working in dialysis clinics : an education approach from the GoodRENal project

Background: Lifestyle interventions aiming to improve dietary habits, increase physical activity level, and improve emotional well-being can positively impact clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Educational material for health care professionals working with CKD patients that focuses on why and how to promote lifestyle changes is lacking. The present study aims to depi

Assisted peritoneal dialysis compared to in-centre hemodialysis – an observational study of outcomes from the Swedish Renal Registry

Background: In-center hemodialysis (IHD) is the most common dialysis modality. Assisted peritoneal dialysis (assPD) is an option for frail and/or incapacitated patients. Both modalities can be used to alleviate uremic symptoms towards the end of life. There are few studies comparing these modalities. The primary aim is to compare hospital admissions between assPD and IHD. The secondary aim is to c

Tumor purity estimated from bulk DNA methylation can be used for adjusting beta values of individual samples to better reflect tumor biology

Epigenetic deregulation through altered DNA methylation is a fundamental feature of tumorigenesis, but tumor data from bulk tissue samples contain different proportions of malignant and non-malignant cells that may confound the interpretation of DNA methylation values. The adjustment of DNA methylation data based on tumor purity has been proposed to render both genome-wide and gene-specific analys

Outdoor living environment and cardiovascular disease risk: results from a Swedish cohort

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. While sociodemographic, dietary and lifestyle factors have been well documented in relation to CVD, environmental factors have been less studied. However, considering the ongoing biodiversity, climate, and health crises, it is imperative to better understand the interplay between the environment and health. Thi

The Sensory Processing Measure, Second Edition, Adolescent Self-Report Form; Swedish Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Establishment of Reliability and Face Validity

The Sensory Processing Measure, second edition (SPM-2), is an American assessment guiding person-centered sensory processing interventions, but it lacks Swedish adaptation for occupational therapists. In eight phases, this study translated the SPM-2 into Swedish and assessed its face validity and preliminary psychometric properties, including internal consistency and inter-scale/item correlations.

In Vivo Photopolymerization : Achieving Detailed Conducting Patterns for Bioelectronics

Bioelectronics holds great potential as therapeutics, but introducing conductive structures within the body poses great challenges. While implanted rigid and substrate-bound electrodes often result in inflammation and scarring in vivo, they outperform the in situ-formed, more biocompatible electrodes by providing superior control over electrode geometry. For example, one of the most researched met

Controlled molecule injector for cold, dense, and pure molecular beams at the European x-ray free-electron laser

A permanently available molecular-beam injection setup for controlled molecules (COMO) was installed and commissioned at the small quantum systems (SQS) instrument at the European x-ray free-electron laser (EuXFEL). A b-type electrostatic deflector allows for pure state-, size-, and isomer-selected samples of polar molecules and clusters. The source provides a rotationally cold (T ≈ 1 K) and dense

The construction of screen time

‘Screen time’ has become both a discursive and conceptual construction which has been at the centre of debates and discussions during, most prominently, the last decade, not least amongst parents. The concept evokes questions of control, perceived harmful effects and restrictions. Large global health players like the World Health Organisation have even articulated recommendations on screen time, a

TRT’s Misguided Mockery

Turkey’s state broadcaster TRT has produced a clip mocking Iran’s Crown Prince Reza Pahlavi and distorting historical facts about his father, the late Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. The Shah’s legacy includes significant economic growth, modernization, and a substantial reduction in poverty in Iran. Given Turkey’s own human rights issues under President Erdoğan, there is a clear irony in TRT’s critic