Staphylococcal enterotoxins are the most common cause of foodborne intoxications (staphylococcal food poisoning) and cause a wide range of diseases. With at least six variants staphylococcal enterotoxin C (SEC) stands out as particularly diverse amongst the 25 known staphylococcal enterotoxins. Some variants present unique and even host-specific features. Here, we review the role of SEC in human a

Introduction. People with Parkinson's disease (PD) have lower life satisfaction (LS) than healthy peers. No study has yet identified predictors of LS in people with PD. Such information would be valuable for health care and future interventions that aim to maintain or increase LS. Aim. To examine how LS evolved in people with PD over a 3-year period, as well as to identify predictive factors of LS

Heat treatment of sheet steel is commonly performed in the automotive industry to save weight. However, current methods come with drawbacks such as energy usage and expensive tooling. This paper investigates the use of a novel localized heat treatment method and benchmarks three different methods for determining an optimal heat treatment pattern. The results show that the best performing method co

Segment 8 mRNAs of influenza virus A/Brevig Misson/1918/1 (H1N1) are poorly spliced compared to segment 8 mRNAs of influenza virus A/Netherlands/178/95 (H3N2). Using oligonucleotide-mediated protein pull down with oligos spanning the entire length of segment 8 of either influenza virus H1N1 or influenza virus H3N2 we identified cellular RNA binding proteins that interacted with oligonucleotides de

In a learning situation, feedback is of great importance in order to help a student to correct a possible misconception. However, previous research shows that many students tend to avoid feedback regarding failures, including critical constructive feedback (CCF) that is intended to support and guide them. This is especially true for lower-achieving students, who might perceive feedback as an ego-t

Data assimilation and Inverse Modelling may serve various purposes by use of manifold techniques. A reasonable definition reads as follows: extracts the signal from noisy observations (filtering)interpolates in space and time (interpolation) and reconstructs state variables that are not sampled by the observation network (completeness).

Converting biomass into value-added chemicals is of significant interest and we report an efficient hydrosilylation to convert levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone using cost-effective silanes such as PMHS and TMDS with B(C6F5)3 as catalyst. This metal free methodology works at room temperature reaching TONs and TOFs up to 16000 and 2000 h−1. Insights into the reaction mechanism are reported.

Assessing the transport of natural radionuclides in the atmosphere provides a powerful tool to study air mass circulation. Here, we investigated the seasonal atmospheric distribution of the naturally produced 7Be in surface air over Europe between 40° N and 68° N during the period 1975–2018. The results suggest that the inter-annual variability of 7Be reflects production rates of the radionuclide

Residual stress has become more important than ever with the increasing performance requirement of components especially for those applied in safety-critical areas. As the machining process is fundamentally correlated with the acquired component properties, it is essential to fully understand the formation mechanism of residual stresses in the cutting process and its influence on the performance o

The bacterial phylum Chlamydiae is so far composed of obligate symbionts of eukaryotic hosts. Well known for Chlamydiaceae, pathogens of humans and other animals, Chlamydiae also include so-called environmental lineages that primarily infect microbial eukaryotes. Environmental surveys indicate that Chlamydiae are found in a wider range of environments than anticipated previously. However, the vast

Background: Further knowledge is needed regarding long-term outcome ofemotional symptoms, and the interplay between these symptoms and neuropsychological functioning in youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Objective: We aimed to explore the effect of performance-based neurocognitive functions and parent-rated behavioral executive functioning (EF) on self-rated and parent-rat

This chapter examines the institutional dimensions of religious responsesto forced migration in contemporary Georgia. It focuses on the internallydisplaced population of Georgia from the two breakaway territories ofAbkhazia and South Ossetia/Tskhinvali region to further scrutinise howmajor religious organisations respond to the signifijicant migration crises onthe level of policy and discourse. The

A direct one-step nucleophilic substitution of the 4-OAc of acetyl protected Neu5Ac is presented. Previously published methods for direct substitution of the 4-OAc are limited to cyclic secondary amines. Here we present conditions that allow for a much wider range of nitrogen nucleophiles as well as thiols and cyanide, to be used. The present investigation significantly broadens the scope of 4-ami

Incorporating rigid cyclic acetal and ketal units into polymer structures is an important strategy towards high-performance materials from renewable resources. In the present work, citric acid, a widely used platform chemical derived from biomass, has been efficiently converted into diand tricyclic diketones. Ketalization with glycerol or trimethylolpropane afforded rigid spirodiols, which were ob

There is a clear and urgent need to accelerate the implementation of sustainability solutions. We must move beyond simple conceptual understanding of solutions, instead experimenting with collaborators in contexts in order to improve effectiveness, share learnings with others, and avoid future mistakes that waste time.In this episode, we discuss nature-based solutions as a holistic approach addres

This book presents an invaluable collection of essays by eminent scholars from a wide variety of disciplines on the main issues currently confronting legal professions across the world.It does this through comparative analyses of the data provided by the reports on 46 countries in its companion volume: Lawyers in 21st-Century Societies: Vol. 1: National Reports, published in 2020. Together these v

In the past decade, driven by the demand for materials with high performance for next-generation semiconductor devices (e.g., for quantum computing), the exploration of III-V semiconductor materials and the design of improved devices based on these materials has extended to the nanometer scale, with several highlights in the studies of quantum wells, quantum dots, and nanowires (NW) in recent year