Bio-based 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and its derivatives have attracted enormous attention due to their valuable market potential. Production of pure 5-HMF is challenging owing to the high reactivity of its functional groups and formation of by-products. In this study, an efficient continuous process for 5-HMF production in a biphasic system and its recovery at high yield and selectivity was

Abstract: In recent decades, increasing numbers of scholars and practitioners have rejected the conventional, “linear” view of economic activity (centered on “take, make, and dispose”) in favor of a “circular economy” perspective, which emphasizes the need for humans to live in harmony with Earth’s ecological system. As a consequence, various contemporary business models claim to draw inspiration

In contrast to what is observed in aerobic uplands, microbial biomass and the presence of electron acceptors, such as iron oxides, play a crucial role in regulating soil organic C (SOC) mineralisation in paddy soils. However, the related underlying mechanisms are still poorly explored. We conducted an anaerobic incubation study to investigate changes in CO2 emissions from SOC and acetate (13C-labe

Low rank approximation is a commonly occurring problem in many computer vision and machine learning applications. There are two common ways of optimizing the resulting models. Either the set of matrices with a given rank can be explicitly parametrized using a bilinear factorization, or low rank can be implicitly enforced using regularization terms penalizing non-zero singular values. While the for

This article surveys the politics of plastics through a reading and analysis of more than 180 scientific articles in the fields of environmental science and environmental studies. Despite the many benefits of plastics, the global plastic system is increasingly being recognized as the source of severe environmental problems. Rather than orient the investigation around specific venues, levels, or ar

The aim of this paper is to explore how digitally-enabled food provisioning platforms reconfigure households’ food consumption. Taking a market studies approach, and drawing on an ethnographic study of 15 households signing up to meal box schemes, the paper examines how meal box schemes, as market devices, work towards materially-semiotically organising household food consumption. Analysis shows t

Aim: Bilingual children are at risk of being overlooked for early identification of language difficulties. We investigated the accuracy of four screening models for children aged 2.5. The first model screened the child using their mother tongue, the second screened in Swedish, and the third screened in both languages used by the child. The fourth model consisted of direct screening in Swedish and

COVID-19 disease have become so far the most important sanitary crisis in the XXI century. In light of the events, any clinical resource should be considered to alleviate this crisis. Severe COVID-19 cases present a so-called cytokine storm as the most life-threatening symptom accompanied by lung fibrosis. Galectin-3 has been widely described as regulator of both processes. Hereby, we present comp

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Although colorectal cancer (CRC) screening guidelines acknowledge the need for earlier screening for high-risk individuals, such as those with family history of CRC, there is limited information on how many years earlier these high-risk individuals should be screened; current practice is based on weak evidence. We aimed to provide risk-adapted recommendations on the starting

The amyloid cascade hypothesis, according to which the self-assembly of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) is a causative process in Alzheimer’s disease, has driven many therapeutic efforts for the past 20 years. Failures of clinical trials investigating Aβ-targeted therapies have been interpreted as evidence against this hypothesis, irrespective of the characteristics and mechanisms of action of the therapeu

Background: The neural crest is a transient embryonic stem cell population. Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α is associated with neural crest stem cell appearance and aggressiveness in tumors. However, little is known about its role in normal neural crest development. Results: Here, we show that HIF-2α is expressed in trunk neural crest cells of human, murine, and avian embryos. Knockdown as well

Rational and theological criticism: A contribution to the understanding of Swedish eighteenth-century historiographyDuring the eighteenth century, several Swedish historians practiced a reasonbased form of criticism, above all when analysing the medieval period. This critical method entailed that events that seemed not to stand the test of reason, such as miracle stories, were not only seen as purDuring the eighteenth century, several Swedish historians practiced a reasonbased form of criticism, above all when analysing the medieval period. This critical method entailed that events that seemed not to stand the test of reason, such as miracle stories, were not only seen as purely fictional but were also severely criticized as a symptom of the poor intellectual standards of the era. Previous

Whereas governments are increasingly considering affirmative action programs to increase corporate board diversity, the effect of such programs can be superficial as they do not address the underlying problem, which is women's access to and inclusion in relevant corporate networks. To address this issue, we study the relationship among affirmative action programs (binding gender quotas and non-bin

We study the time-resolved fluorescence spectrum in two-level systems interacting with an incident coherent field, both in the weak and intermediate coupling regimes. For a single two-level system in the intermediate-coupling case, as time flows, the spectrum develops distinct features that are not captured by a semiclassical treatment of the incident field. Specifically, for a field on resonance

HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 genes have significant and potentially causal associations with autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D). To follow on the earlier analysis on high-risk HLA-DQ2.5 and DQ8.1, the current analysis uncovers seven residues (αa1, α157, α196, β9, β30, β57, β70) that are resistant to T1D among subjects with DQ4, 5, 6 and 7 resistant DQ haplotypes. These seven residues form 13 common motifs; si

BACKGROUND: Severe asthma exerts a disproportionately heavy burden on patients and health care. Due to the heterogeneity of the severe asthma population, many patients need to be evaluated to understand the clinical features and outcomes of severe asthma in order to facilitate personalised and targeted care. The International Severe Asthma Registry (ISAR) is a multi-country registry project initia