Background: SARS-CoV-2 in exhaled aerosols is considered an important contributor to the spread of COVID-19. However, characterizing the size distribution of virus-containing aerosol particles has been challenging as high concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 in exhaled air is mainly present close to symptom onset. We present a case study of a person with COVID-19 who was able to participate in extensive m

Introduction: During airway infection, upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and subsequent immune cell recruitment is essential to mitigate bacterial infection. Conversely, during prolonged and non-resolving airway inflammation, neutrophils contribute to tissue damage and remodeling. This occurs during diseases including cystic fibrosis (CF) and COPD where bacterial pathogens, not least Pseud

To increase the understanding of the role of carbide precipitates on the hydrogen embrittlement of martensiticsteels, we have performed a density functional theory study on the solution energies and energy barriers forhydrogen diffusion in orthorhombic M7C3 (M = Cr, Mn, Fe). Hydrogen can easily diffuse into the lattice andcause internal stresses or bond weakening, which may promote reduced ductili

While recent years have seen a substantial increase of studies investigating vocal iconicity in the lexicon of spoken languages, its presence in grammatical structures is poorly understood. This study investigates the presence of vocal iconicity in nominal classification systems by collecting nominal classification devices from the two main system types: 210 non-agreeing languages (126 families) a

Polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes show excellent chemical stability and low vanadium crossover in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs), but their high resistance is challenging. This work introduces a concept, membrane assemblies of a highly selective 2 µm thin PBI membrane between two 60 µm thick highly conductive PBI gel membranes, which act as soft protective layers against external mechanical

Summary: Currently, there is no reproducible, widely accepted gold standard to classify osteoporotic vertebral body fractures (OVFs). The purpose of this study is to refine a method with clear rules to classify OVFs for machine learning purposes. The method was found to have moderate interobserver agreement that improved with training. Introduction: The current methods to classify osteoporotic ver

Whether melancholic depression is a distinct syndrome or not has long been debated. There are few studies providing information about the epidemiology of melancholic depression. In this study, we investigate the incidence rates, overall as well as by gender and age of onset of melancholic depression according to Taylor and Fink and corresponding DSM–IV disorders: major depressive disorder (MDD) wi