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LightFF: Lightweight Inference for Forward-Forward Algorithm

The human brain performs tasks with an outstanding energy efficiency, i.e., with approximately 20 Watts. The state-of-the-art Artificial/Deep Neural Networks (ANN/DNN), on the other hand, have recently been shown to consume massive amounts of energy. The training of these ANNs/DNNs is done almost exclusively based on the back-propagation algorithm, which is known to be biologically implausible. Th

The Glaucoma Intensive Treatment Study (GITS): a randomized controlled trial comparing intensive and standard treatment on 5 years visual field development

PURPOSE: To assess the effect of an intensive initial IOP lowering treatment strategy on the progression of visual field damage. DESIGN: A randomized, controlled, open-labelled two-center clinical trial. METHODS: A total of 242 patients with newly detected early or moderate untreated open-angle glaucoma were enrolled at two university hospitals in Sweden. Participants were randomly allocated (1:1)

Incremental prognostic utility of congestion markers in cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis

Background/aims: Congestion is prognostically relevant in cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR-CA), but whether congestion has an incremental prognostic value beyond the well-established, congestion-sensitive NT-proBNP is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to comparatively evaluate the prognostic utility of several congestion surrogates over NT-proBNP. Methods: We estimated hazard ratios by Cox propo

Presynaptic nanoscale components of retrograde synaptic signaling

While our understanding of the nanoscale architecture of anterograde synaptic transmission is rapidly expanding, the qualitative and quantitative molecular principles underlying distinct mechanisms of retrograde synaptic communication remain elusive. We show that a particular form of tonic cannabinoid signaling is essential for setting target cell–dependent synaptic variability. It does not requir

DICHOTOMY RESULTS FOR EVENTUALLY ALWAYS HITTING TIME STATISTICS AND ALMOST SURE GROWTH OF EXTREMES

Suppose (f,X, μ) is a measure preserving dynamical system and φ: X → R a measurable function. Consider the maximum process Mn := max{X1, ,Xn}, where Xi = φ ○ fi-1 is a time series of observations on the system. Suppose that (un) is a non-decreasing sequence of real numbers, such that μ(X1 > un) → 0. For certain dynamical systems, we obtain a zero- one measure dichotomy for μ(Mn ≤ un i.o.) dependin

Feedforward Control : Analysis, Design, Tuning rules, and Implementation

While there are thousands of books written about feedback control, it is surprising that this is the very first book about feedforward control. Feedforward control is a very powerful technique to compensate for measurable load disturbances in regulation control problems, and the use of feedforward control to assist the traditional feedback controllers is rapidly increasing in industry. The main go

Exploring innovation and collaboration in the leather processing industry through the case study of the KIWANGO Leather Cluster

In the era of Industry 4.0, fostering innovation through strong collaboration among universities, industry, and government is crucial. However, the Tanzanian economy has faced challenges due to, among others, weak links between these entities. To address this, Sida initiated the Innovation Systems and Cluster Development Program (ISCP-Tz) in partnership with the University of Dar es Salaam. This w

Advancing Sustainable Direct Contact Membrane Distillation : Performance and Stability of Novel Polymer Inclusion Membranes

Novel hydrophobic membranes for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) were developed using poly(1,1-difluoroethylene) (PVDF) loaded with the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (MTOA-DEHP). These polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) were fabricated via non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS). Detailed characterization revealed that MTOA-DEHP significantly enhanc

Different yet alike: metrology, interpretation and digitised knowledge across epistemic divides and the 3D revolution in archeology

The last twenty years have seen 3D documentation and modelling emerge as an important vector for methodological innovation in cutting-edge research in archeology. Adopting techniques such as photogrammetric modelling and laser scanning, archeologists are experimenting with new ways of producing and communicating knowledge; and they do so by innovating and developing new ways to record, report, and

Response surface methodology to optimize membrane cleaning in nanofiltration of kraft black liquor

Better understanding of membrane fouling and cleaning can help implementation of membrane filtration processes in the pulp and paper industry. The aim of this study was to optimize membrane cleaning in the nanofiltration of kraft black liquor ultrafiltered permeate for the recovery of lignin. This work wants to assess whether the cleaning process removes the main foulants; as well as the economic

The optimal capacity expansion planning for the terminals of the logistics company

To reduce carbon emissions, logistics companies take measures to achieve the climate neutrality target to reach “Green Logistics.” As one of the valuable measures, gradually replacing present fossil fuel vehicles with electric vehicles for parcel delivery and linehaul transportation is scheduled at the terminals of logistics companies. The charging load of a fully electrified vehicle fleet challen

Performance and emissions of a novel high-pressure direct injection hydrogen dual-fuel engine

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the combustion behavior, performance, and NOx emissions in a diesel-hydrogen dual-fuel high-pressure direct injection (HPDI) compression ignition (CI) heavy-duty engine, utilizing numerical simulations validated against operational-engine experimental data. This study aims to investigate this engine by focusing on two distinct hydrogen rail pressures

Seasonal migration patterns of Siberian Rubythroat (Calliope calliope) facing the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

Background: Small songbirds respond and adapt to various geographical barriers during their annual migration. Global flyways reveal the diverse migration strategies in response to different geographical barriers, among which are high-elevation plateaus. However, few studies have been focused on the largest and highest plateau in the world, the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) which poses a significant