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Automated artificial intelligence-based analysis of skeletal muscle volume predicts overall survival after cystectomy for urinary bladder cancer

Background: Radical cystectomy for urinary bladder cancer is a procedure associated with a high risk of complications, and poor overall survival (OS) due to both patient and tumour factors. Sarcopenia is one such patient factor. We have developed a fully automated artificial intelligence (AI)-based image analysis tool for segmenting skeletal muscle of the torso and calculating the muscle volume. M

Developing augmented reality business models for SMEs in tourism

Augmented reality (AR) is disrupting the business landscape. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) often face challenges capitalising on the potential presented by cutting-edge technologies, such as AR. Business models (BMs) are widely regarded as effective management tools, which help increase competitiveness. This paper aims to develop an augmented reality business model (ARBM), using a case

Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms with insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, and diabetes in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus

Background: This study investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reported by previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to be associated with impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and/or type 2 diabetes are associated with disposition index, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and/or development of diabetes following a pregnancy compli

Quality of life and long-term clinical outcome following robot-assisted radical trachelectomy

Quality of Life and long-term clinical outcome following robot-assisted radical trachelectomy. Objectives: To evaluate quality of life (QoL) and long-term clinical outcome following robot-assisted radical trachelectomy (RRT). Study Design: Prospectively retrieved clinical data were rereviewed on all women planned for a fertility sparing RRT for early stage cervical cancer at Skåne University Hospi

High levels of expression of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in lymph node metastases in breast cancer are associated with reduced survival

Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is a regulator of the extracellular matrix and is expressed primarily in the cartilage. Recently, COMP expression was also documented in breast cancer patients both in sera and tumor biopsies, in both of which it could serve as an independent prognostic marker. This study aimed to assess COMP as a potential biomarker in the group of metastatic breast canc

Subjective experience of speech depending on the acoustic treatment in an ordinary room

In environments such as classrooms and offices, complex tasks are performed. A satisfac-tory acoustic environment is critical for the performance of such tasks. To ensure a good acoustic environment, the right acoustic treatment must be used. The relation between different room acoustic treatments and how they affect speech perception in these types of rooms is not yet fully under-stood. In this s

Long-term post-recurrence survival outcomes in young women receiving fertility-sparing surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate long-term post-recurrence survival outcomes in young women receiving fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) to verify the feasibility of the limited surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer (OvCa). Study design: We performed a regional multicenter retrospective study from January 1986 and March 2020, using clinical data corrected under the central patholog

Accessible data curation and analytics for international-scale citizen science datasets

The Covid Symptom Study, a smartphone-based surveillance study on COVID-19 symptoms in the population, is an exemplar of big data citizen science. As of May 23rd, 2021, over 5 million participants have collectively logged over 360 million self-assessment reports since its introduction in March 2020. The success of the Covid Symptom Study creates significant technical challenges around effective da

Plasma tumour and metabolism related biomarkers AMBP, LPL and Glyoxalase I differentiate heart failure with preserved ejection fraction with pulmonary hypertension from pulmonary arterial hypertension

Background: Discrimination of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction with pulmonary hypertension (HFpEF-PH) from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is crucial for clinical management but may be challenging due to similarities in clinical and comorbid characteristics. We aimed to investigate tumour and metabolism related proteins in differentiating HFpEF-PH from PAH. Methods: Sixty-nine

Multi-tissue spherical deconvolution of tensor-valued diffusion MRI

Multi-tissue constrained spherical deconvolution (MT-CSD) leverages the characteristic b-value dependency of each tissue type to estimate both the apparent tissue densities and the white matter fiber orientation distribution function from diffusion MRI data. In this work, we generalize MT-CSD to tensor-valued diffusion encoding with arbitrary b-tensor shapes. This enables the use of data encoded w

Mechanical active compression-decompression versus standard mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation : A randomised haemodynamic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest study

Background: Active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ACD-CPR) utilises a suction cup to lift the chest-wall actively during the decompression phase (AD). We hypothesised that mechanical ACD-CPR (Intervention), with AD up to 30 mm above the sternal resting position, would generate better haemodynamic results than standard mechanical CPR (Control). Methods: This out-of-hospita

Generalized modulation theory for strongly nonlinear gravity waves in a compressible atmosphere

This study investigates strongly nonlinear gravity waves in the compressible atmosphere from the Earth’s surface to the deep atmosphere. These waves are effectively described by Grimshaw’s dissipative modulation equations which provide the basis for finding stationary solutions such as mountain lee waves and testing their stability in an analytic fashion. Assuming energetically consistent boundary

Conceptual unclarity about COVID-19 ethnic disparities in Sweden: Implications for public health policy

The COVID-19 pandemic has shed light on abundant racial and ethnic health disparities in many countries around the world. In Sweden, statistics on COVID-19 mortality and morbidity from both the first and the second wave of the pandemic show that foreign-born individuals have been disproportionately affected as compared to Swedish-born individuals. However, as demonstrated in this article, key stak

Accuracy of Tau Positron Emission Tomography as a Prognostic Marker in Preclinical and Prodromal Alzheimer Disease : A Head-to-Head Comparison against Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Importance: Tau positron emission tomography (PET) tracers have proven useful for the differential diagnosis of dementia, but their utility for predicting cognitive change is unclear. Objective: To examine the prognostic accuracy of baseline fluorine 18 (18F)-flortaucipir and [18F]RO948 (tau) PET in individuals across the Alzheimer disease (AD) clinical spectrum and to perform a head-to-head compa

Fluid restriction in the management of transient tachypnea of the newborn

Background: Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is caused by delayed clearance of lung fluid at birth. TTN typically appears within the first two hours of life in term and late preterm neonates and is characterized by tachypnea and signs of respiratory distress. Although it is usually a self-limited condition, admission to a neonatal unit is frequently required for monitoring and providing re