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Sequence variants influencing the regulation of serum IgG subclass levels

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the main isotype of antibody in human blood. IgG consists of four subclasses (IgG1 to IgG4), encoded by separate constant region genes within the Ig heavy chain locus (IGH). Here, we report a genome-wide association study on blood IgG subclass levels. Across 4334 adults and 4571 individuals under 18 years, we discover ten new and identify four known variants at five loci

Bioavailability and interactions of schisandrin B with 5-fluorouracil in a xenograft mouse model of colorectal cancer

Schisandrin B (Sch B) is a predominant bioactive lignan from the fruit of a Chinese medicine food homology plant, Schisandra chinensis. Previously, we observed potent anti-tumor effect of Sch-B in colorectal cancer (CRC) and enhanced chemotherapy efficacy with fluorouracil (5-FU). However, their bioavailability and reciprocal interactions under CRC conditions are unclear. In this study, we first c

Lipoprotein metabolism mediates hematopoietic stem cell responses under acute anemic conditions

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) react to various stress conditions. However, it is unclear whether and how HSCs respond to severe anemia. Here, we demonstrate that upon induction of acute anemia, HSCs rapidly proliferate and enhance their erythroid differentiation potential. In severe anemia, lipoprotein profiles largely change and the concentration of ApoE increases. In HSCs, transcription levels

A Resonant Lyapunov Centre Theorem with an Application to Doubly Periodic Travelling Hydroelastic Waves

We present a Lyapunov centre theorem for an antisymplectically reversible Hamiltonian system exhibiting a nondegenerate 1 : 1 or 1:-1 semisimple resonance as a detuning parameter is varied. The system can be finite- or infinite-dimensional (and quasilinear) and have a non-constant symplectic structure. We allow the origin to be a ‘trivial’ eigenvalue arising from a translational symmetry or, in an

Cost-effectiveness of proton beam therapy vs. conventional radiotherapy for patients with brain tumors in Sweden : results from a non-randomized prospective multicenter study

Background: This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of proton beam therapy (PBT) compared to conventional radiotherapy (CRT) for treating patients with brain tumors in Sweden. Methods: Data from a longitudinal non-randomized study performed between 2015 and 2020 was used, and included adult patients with brain tumors, followed during treatment and through a one-year follow-up. Clinical and demo

Overweight and vitamin D deficiency are common in patients with irritable bowel syndrome - a cross-sectional study

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disease with unknown etiology. Poor dietary intake with nutritional deficiency and overweight have been described to increase the risk of IBS. The aim of the present study was to compare weight and circulating levels of micronutrients in IBS compared with healthy controls. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Patients diagnosed with IBS and

Bi-allelic NRXN1α deletion in microglia derived from iPSC of an autistic patient increases interleukin-6 production and impairs supporting function on neuronal networking

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a set of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions, with a highly diverse genetic hereditary component, including altered neuronal circuits, that has an impact on communication skills and behaviours of the affected individuals. Beside the recognised role of neuronal alterations, perturbations of microglia and the associated neuroinflammatory processes have emerg

Treatment effects of two pharmaceutical skin care creams for xerotic feet among persons with diabetes : Rationale and design of a two-armed double blind randomized controlled trial

Introduction: To minimize the risk of developing foot-ulcers, persons with diabetes are given the advice to daily inspect their feet and to apply skincare formulations. However, commercially available skincare products have rarely been developed and evaluated for diabetes foot care specifically. The primary aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to evaluate the effects in reducing foot x

Will the EU deforestation-free products regulation (EUDR) reduce tropical forest loss? Insights from three producer countries

The European Union regulation on deforestation-free products (EUDR) represents a policy innovation with important implications for the governance of global commodity chains. We discuss the risks and limitations of this policy derived from an ex-ante assessment of the robustness of its theory of change. For doing so, we use insights from the literature on zero-deforestation commitments and other pr

Monoclinic distortion and magnetic transitions in FeO under pressure and temperature

Fe1-xO, although chemically simple, possesses a complex structural and magnetic phase diagram. The crystal structures of Fe1-xO and its magnetic properties at extreme conditions are still a matter of debate. Here, we performed a systematic investigation on Fe0.94O up to 94 GPa and 1700 K using synchrotron X-ray diffraction and synchrotron Mössbauer source spectroscopy. We observe a transition of F

Electroconvulsive therapy and cognitive performance from the Global ECT MRI Research Collaboration

The Global ECT MRI Research Collaboration (GEMRIC) has collected clinical and neuroimaging data of patients treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) from around the world. Results to date have focused on neuroimaging correlates of antidepressant response. GEMRIC sites have also collected longitudinal cognitive data. Here, we summarize the existing GEMRIC cognitive data and provide recommendati

Thermodynamic and kinetic study of palladium(II) complexation with 1-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazole (methimazole) and their importance for structural design of metallodrugs

The acidobasic and complexing properties of 1-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazole (Methimazole, an anti-thyroid drug) were investigated. The pKa 11.49 ± 0.03 was estimated by molecular absorption spectroscopy (I = 0.10 M NaCl, t = 25.0 ± 0.1 °C). This value is in good agreement with the value 11.58 ± 0.05, obtained using the solvent-extraction technique. Theoretical (LFER and quantum chemical calculations)

Analytical study of a generalised Dirichlet–Neumann operator and application to three-dimensional water waves on Beltrami flows

We consider three-dimensional doubly periodic steady water waves with vorticity, under the action of gravity and surface tension; in particular we consider so-called Beltrami flows, for which the velocity field and the vorticity are collinear. We adapt a recent formulation of the corresponding problem for localised waves which involves a generalisation of the classical Dirichlet–Neumann operator.

Genomic variation in Plasmodium relictum (lineage SGS1) and its implications for avian malaria infection outcomes : insights from experimental infections and genome-wide analysis

Background: The globally transmitted avian malaria parasite Plasmodium relictum (lineage SGS1) has been found to infect hundreds of different bird species with differences in infection outcomes ranging from more or less latent to potentially mortal. However, to date basic knowledge about the links between genetic differentiation and variation in infection outcome within this single malaria parasit

Impact of the energy crisis on indoor temperatures and thermal comfort in UK houses during winter 2023

Geopolitical, health and economic events have led to an accumulated surge in energy prices in the UK at the beginning of the 2020s. In response, studies and media reports show that households have had to reduce the running of their heating systems to cut their energy bills. However, there is limited research on the impact of this context on indoor thermal conditions and occupants’ ability to meet

Accurate quantification of soil organic matter content using VNIR-SWIR spectra : The role of straw and spectrally active materials

Soil organic matter (SOM) is crucial for carbon sequestration and sustainable agriculture, yet traditional quantification methods are challenging to apply at large scales. Hyperspectral technology combined with machine-learning offers promising prospects for rapid quantification. This study explores the impact of using VNIR-SWIR spectra on SOM quantification in regions characterized by distinctive

Perioperative blood transfusions associated with reduced survival in gastroesophageal cancers – A Swedish population-based study

Background: Blood transfusion has been associated with decreased long-term survival in cancer patients, possibly due to various immunological factors. We aimed to evaluate if perioperative transfusions decrease survival in patients who undergo resection for esophageal or gastric cancer and to identify factors associated with such events. Methods: A population-based cohort study was conducted based

Total mercury and methylmercury in lake water in years before and after removal of mercury-polluted pulp fiber sediment

There is an elevated presence of mercury (Hg) in the biosphere because of anthropogenic activities. The resulting damage to ecosystems and human health increases dramatically when microorganisms produce highly toxic methylmercury (MeHg). Total Hg (THg), MeHg and ancillary water chemistry were measured in two connected lakes, separated by a short stream stretch, before (1996, 1998 and 2003) and aft