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Multimodal Hard X-Ray Nanotomography Probes Pore Accessibility of Technical Catalysts after Coking

Coking is a common catalyst deactivation route in industrial processes involving carbonaceous species. While coking is easy to diagnose, this is often performed by bulk analysis. Understanding specific symptoms such as pore blockage and obstruction of active sites is especially challenging for technical catalysts and requires a spatially-resolved approach. Here a combination of ptychographic X-ray

Ironies of Programming Automation: Exploring the Experience of Code Synthesis via Large Language Models

The widespread availability of large language models (LLMs) has presented the opportunity for novice programmers to make use of them for the purpose of understanding and synthesising code. In this paper, we discuss a small pilot study intended to explore the user experience of doing so in a limited way, and the attitudes of a group of novice programmers towards this style of programming. We also d

Organizing Money : The process of implementing a complementary currency in a context of scarcity

This study explores the implementation of a complementary currency – an alternative approach to addressing the problem of poverty caused by the scarcity of conventional money. Complementary currencies can be defined as agreement within communities to use something different to a national currency as a standardized medium of exchange. Previous research has examined the various classifications and o

Taxation in the context of high informality : Conceptual challenges and evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

The terms ‘informal sector’ and ‘shadow economy’ are in vogue but remain conceptually fuzzy in what they measure or mean. They are used in tax research and policy but with many assumptions, leading to poorly designed policies that lead to further immiseration of those who derive their livelihoods informally. Focusing on Sub-Saharan Africa, I critically interrogate the current conceptualisation of

The Other Organization: Heterotopia, Management, and Entrepreneurship

Organizations are viewed as ordered places that legitimizes the hand that holds back, and that formalizes structured, institutionalized ways of saying and doing. Against this backdrop, we want to see the more recent attention to the entrepreneurial as a reason to conceptualize the new organization that emerges from within the existing organization as the “other organization,” accomplished through

Modeling of Ammonia Solution Spray and Mixing in Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) System

In this work, numerical simulation was carried out to study the injection and mixing of ammonia solution spray in the exhaust pipe of diesel engines. The ammonia solution was injected into the hot gas of 623 K. The spray was vaporized into gas and mixed with the hot exhaust gas and together the mixture was transported in the exhaust gas pipe downstream where a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) s

Molecular Subtypes Are Associated With Clinical Benefit in Cisplatin-Treated Metastatic Urothelial Cancer Patients

PURPOSE: Cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy (CHT) is standard of care in metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC); however, no predictive molecular biomarkers are available for clinical use. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of molecular subtypes in relation to treatment response and survival in patients with mUC treated with first-line CHT.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Molecular subtype

Sustained increases in atmospheric oxygen and marine productivity in the Neoproterozoic and Palaeozoic eras

A geologically rapid Neoproterozoic oxygenation event is commonly linked to the appearance of marine animal groups in the fossil record. However, there is still debate about what evidence from the sedimentary geochemical record—if any—provides strong support for a persistent shift in surface oxygen immediately preceding the rise of animals. We present statistical learning analyses of a large datas

White matter abnormalities in amino acid disorders and organic acidurias

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are traditionally the domain of pediatricians and internists for metabolic diseases. In general, neurologists only become involved when these disorders are complicated by neurologic symptoms such as seizures, developmental delay, or motor problems. However, in recent years and mainly due to the successes of next-generation sequencing, the number of IEMs primarily