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How Important are Locational Characteristics for Rural Non-agricultural Employment? Lessons from Brazil

By paying particular attention to the local economic context, this paper analyzes the factors that influence rural non-agricultural employment and earnings. The empirical analysis is based on the Brazilian Demographic Census, allowing for disaggregated controls for the local economy. Education stands out as one of the key factors that shape employment outcome and earnings potential. Failure to con

Modeling of the long-term behavior of glassy polymers

The constitutive model for glassy polymers proposed by Arruda and Boyce (BPA model) is reviewed and compared to experimental data for long-term loading. The BPA model has previously been shown to capture monotonic loading accurately, but for unloading and long-term behavior, the response of the BPA model is found to deviate from experimental data. In the present paper, we suggest an efficient exte

Caesarean section per se does not increase the risk of offspring developing type 1 diabetes: a Swedish population-based study

Aims/hypothesis Some studies have revealed a relationship between Caesarean section (CS) and type 1 diabetes, while other studies have not. By using the Swedish paediatric quality register we investigated whether birth by CS is related to the risk of developing type 1 diabetes during childhood. Methods All children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes from 2000 to 2012 and included in the register (n= 9

Evidence for supercritical mixing layers in the ECN Spray A

Prior work on an engine combustion network Diesel fuel injector led to the conclusion that under Diesel engine conditions (combustion chamber pressure and temperature) the jet was transitionally supercritical; meaning that the core of the jet would be condensed liquid while the edge of the jet would be supercritical. We report initial experiments aimed at observing the thickened turbulent mixing l

4MOST-4-metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope

4MOST is a wide-field, high-multiplex spectroscopic survey facility under development for the VISTA telescope of the European Southern Observatory (ESO). Its main science drivers are in the fields of galactic archeology, high-energy physics, galaxy evolution and cosmology. 4MOST will in particular provide the spectroscopic complements to the large area surveys coming from space missions like Gaia,

Common Inherited Variation in Mitochondrial Genes Is Not Enriched for Associations with Type 2 Diabetes or Related Glycemic Traits

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed in skeletal muscle of people with diabetes and insulin-resistant individuals. Furthermore, inherited mutations in mitochondrial DNA can cause a rare form of diabetes. However, it is unclear whether mitochondrial dysfunction is a primary cause of the common form of diabetes. To date, common genetic variants robustly associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) a

Soft Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism of Carbon-Implanted Amorphous Fe93Zr7 Films

We report on the effect of carbon implantation on the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of Fe93Zr7 (FeZr) amorphous films. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements on (FeZr)(100-x)C-x (x = 0, 5.5, and 11) indicate the incorporation of carbon in the FeZr matrix, with an increase of the Fe-Fe distance by implanting carbon. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements reve

The Transition From Rookie to Genuine Nurse: Narratives From Swedish Nurses 1 Year After Graduation

This article describes nurses' experiences during their first year after graduation, based on the qualitative content analysis of eight interviews. The results show that the nurses experienced a transition from "being a rookie," including being accepted as a member of the team and respected as a colleague, to "becoming a genuine nurse," including the feeling of being able to shoulder responsibilit

Rapid changes in genetic architecture of behavioural syndromes following colonization of a novel environment.

Behavioural syndromes, that is correlated behaviours, may be a result from adaptive correlational selection, but in a new environmental setting, the trait correlation might act as an evolutionary constraint. However, knowledge about the quantitative genetic basis of behavioural syndromes, and the stability and evolvability of genetic correlations under different ecological conditions, is limited.

Ca(10)Pt(7)Tt(3) (Tt = Si, Ge): New Platinide Phases Featuring Electron-Rich 4c-6e Bonded [Pt(7)Tt(3)](20-) Intermetalloid Clusters.

Two new phases Ca(10)Pt(7)Tt(3) (with Tt = Si, Ge) were obtained by reacting stoichiometric mixtures of the elements at high temperature. Their structures were refined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. They are isostructural and crystallize in the Ba(10)Al(3)Ge(7) type structure, space group P6(3)/mcm (No. 193) with a = b = 8.7735(3) Å, c = 13.8260(5) Å, V = 921.66(6) Å(3), Z = 2 for Tt

Angular asymmetry and attosecond time delay from the giant plasmon resonance in C-60 photoionization

This combined experimental and theoretical study demonstrates that the surface plasmon resonance in C-60 alters the valence photoemission quantum phase, resulting in strong effects in the photoelectron angular distribution and emission time delay. Electron momentum imaging spectroscopy is used to measure the photoelectron angular distribution asymmetry parameter that agrees well with our calculati

Dosimetry in patients with B-cell lymphoma treated with [90Y]ibritumomab tiuxetan or [131I]tositumomab.

Radioimmunotherapy involves the use of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to treat malignancy. The therapeutic effect is determined by the radiopharmaceutical, the radiation absorbed dose and previous treatments. There are currently two approved radiopharmaceuticals for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma - the 90Y-labeled ibritumomab and the 131I-labeled tositumomab. Both are directed against

Measurement of charm production at central rapidity in proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV

The p(t)-differential inclusive production cross sections of the prompt charmed mesons D-0, D+, and D*(+) in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.5 were measured in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV at the LHC using the ALICE detector. Reconstructing the decays D-0 -> K-pi(+), D+ -> K-pi(+)pi(+), D*(+) -> D-0 pi(+), and their charge conjugates, about 8,400 D-0, 2,900 D+, and

Cross-scale management strategies for optimal control of tree invading from source plantations

Biological invasion by non-native tree species can transform landscapes, and as a consequence, has received growing attention from researchers and managers alike. This problem is driven primarily by the naturalisation and invasion of tree species escaping from cultivation or forestry plantations. Furthermore, these invasions can be strongly influenced by the land-use matrix of the surrounding regi

Condition indices of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) biased by capturing method

In studies evaluating the condition and general health status of fish stocks, the method used for catching the fish is seldom considered as a factor of importance. In this study, condition indices were compared between cod caught in pots, gillnets, and on hooks in the same geographical area. The results showed that cod (Gadus morhua) caught on baited gear types (pots and hooks) generally displayed

An ordinary complexity of care : Moving beyond 'The Family' in research with children

For some time, studies of care in personal relationships have managed to move beyond a taken-for-granted focus on the nuclear family. In addition, studies of children and care have shown children's active engagement in doing care. In the project presented here, these two insights have been combined by allowing children to tell about and reflect upon their everyday life and caring situation, withou

Nocturnal body temperature in wintering blue tits is affected by roost-site temperature and body reserves.

Birds commonly use rest-phase hypothermia, a controlled reduction of body temperature (T (b)), to conserve energy during times of high metabolic demands. We assessed the flexibility of this heterothermic strategy by increasing roost-site temperature and recording the subsequent T (b) changes in wintering blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus L.), assuming that blue tits would respond to treatment by incr

What matters for growth in Europe? Institutions versus policies, quality versus instability

We study how the quality and instability of institutions and policies affect economic growth in 35 European countries. While stability entails valuable predictability, instability can reflect reforms that offer positive long-run consequences. We construct measures of quality and instability for a panel of countries for 1984-2009. Results suggest that the quality of policy is growth-promoting. Nota