By natascha [dot] kljun [at] cec [dot] lu [dot] se (Natascha Kljun and Julia Kelly) - published 6 August 2024 A Swedish forest after a fire. Photo: Natascha Kljun Even in Earth’s high northern-latitude forest, climate change is predicted to make wildfires more frequent and severe.Earth’s far north hosts the boreal forest, a vast green belt that stretches from North America to Siberia. The boreal f

https://www.cec.lu.se/article/forests-destroyed-wildfires-emit-carbon-long-after-flames-die - 2024-12-26

By anna_maria [dot] erling [at] cec [dot] lu [dot] se (Anna Maria Erling) - published 22 August 2024 Children in areas with lower socioeconomic levels gain the most from targeted nature projects, especially if they have no direct access to nature close to where they live. Photo: Anna Avdeeva/iStockphoto The income and education levels of a child’s environment determine their relationship to nature

https://www.cec.lu.se/article/socioeconomic-circumstances-shape-childrens-connection-nature-more-where-they-live - 2024-12-26

Published 17 September 2021 Photo: Pixabay / Arek Socha 1) We found 15 national/regional registries of congenital heart disease worldwide. 2) Registry coverage ranged from 25 to 100% of all eligible cases. 3) The best registries contain demographic, clinical, physical, and laboratory data. 4) Regular verification is essential for quality data and valid statistical findings. Read the paper at https

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/national-and-regional-registries-congenital-heart-diseases-strengths-weaknesses-and-opportunities - 2024-12-26

Published 18 September 2021 Quantitative bias analyses allow researchers to adjust for uncontrolled confounding, given specification of certain bias parameters. When researchers are concerned about unknown confounders, plausible values for these bias parameters will be difficult to specify. Read the paper at https://journals.lww.com/epidem/Fulltext/2021/09000/The_Importance_of_M…

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/importance-making-assumptions-bias-analysis - 2024-12-26

Published 18 September 2021 Photo: Pixabay / Colin Behrens The benefits of using data from national registers as endpoints in epidemiological studies include faster, less resource-intensive access to nationwide data and considerably lower loss to follow-up, compared to manual data collection in a limited geographical area. Read the paper at https://www.dovepress.com/validating-acute-myocardial-inf

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/validating-acute-myocardial-infarction-diagnoses-national-health-registers-use-endpoint-research - 2024-12-26

Published 19 September 2021 The integrative data approach is an effective way to conduct cancer research assessing multilevel factors on cancer outcomes among small populations. Read the paper at https://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/30/8/1506.long

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/integrating-electronic-health-record-cancer-registry-and-geospatial-data-study-lung-cancer-asian - 2024-12-26

Published 19 September 2021 Photo: Pixabay / www_slon_pics This first publication of the Austrian Society of Esophageal Surgery shows that the outcome of esophageal surgery for cancer in Austria compares well with that of renowned international centers. However, a more comprehensive approach including as many national centers as possible will improve outcome research, offer quality management, and

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/esophageal-resection-austria-preparing-national-registry - 2024-12-26

Published 20 September 2021 Photo: Pixabay / geralt The CARTR Plus registry is a robust resource for ART data in Canada. It provides easily accessible aggregated data for Canadian fertility clinics, and it contains data that are internationally comparable. Read the paper at https://academic.oup.com/hropen/article/2020/3/hoaa022/5848715

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/cartr-plus-creation-art-registry-canada - 2024-12-26

Published 20 September 2021 Photo: Pixabay / geralt Parameters representing adjusted treatment effects may be defined marginally or conditionally on covariates. The choice between a marginal or covariate-conditional parameter should be driven by the study question. However, an unappreciated benefit of marginal estimators is a reduction in susceptibility to finite-sample bias relative to the unpena

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/decreased-susceptibility-marginal-odds-ratios-finite-sample-bias - 2024-12-26

Published 21 September 2021 Confounding, selection bias, and measurement error are well-known sources of bias in epidemiologic research. Methods for assessing these biases have their own limitations. Read the paper at https://journals.lww.com/epidem/Fulltext/2021/09000/Multiple_bias_Sensi…

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/multiple-bias-sensitivity-analysis-using-bounds - 2024-12-26

Published 21 September 2021 Photo: Pixabay / Brian Merrill Monitoring survival in cancer is a common concern for patients, physicians, and public health researchers. The traditional cohort approach for monitoring cancer prognosis has a timeliness problem. In this paper, we propose a survivorship-period-cohort (SPC) model for examining the effects of survivorship, period, and year-of-diagnosis coho

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/survivorship-period-cohort-model-cancer-survival-application-liver-cancer-taiwan-1997-2016 - 2024-12-26

Published 22 September 2021 Life-course epidemiology is useful for describing and analyzing complex etiological mechanisms for disease development, but existing statistical methods are essentially confirmatory, because they rely on a priori model specification. Read the paper at https://academic.oup.com/aje/article/190/9/1898/6189737

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/data-driven-model-building-life-course-epidemiology - 2024-12-26

Published 22 September 2021 Photo: Pixabay / Ronny Overhate Although the need for addressing matching in the analysis of matched case-control studies is well established, debate remains as to the most appropriate analytical method when matching on at least 1 continuous factor Read the paper at https://academic.oup.com/aje/article/190/9/1859/6162924

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/matched-versus-unmatched-analysis-matched-case-control-studies - 2024-12-26

Published 23 September 2021 Photo: Pixabay / Gerd Altmann In the causal mediation framework, several parametric-regression–based approaches have been introduced in the last decade for estimating natural direct and indirect effects. For a binary outcome, a number of proposed estimators use a logistic model and rely on specific assumptions or approximations that may be delicate or not easy to verify

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/parametric-regression-based-causal-mediation-analysis-binary-outcomes-and-binary-mediators-moving - 2024-12-26

Published 23 September 2021 Foto från snd.gu.se Improvements in the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) have resulted in longer survival and an increased focus on optimising daily functioning with the condition. Patient- reported outcome measures (PROMs) are valuable tools in evaluating the health- related quality of life of persons with chronic diseases. Read the paper at https://bmjopenrespres.bmj

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/acceptability-patient-reported-outcome-measures-proms-cystic-fibrosis-data-registry - 2024-12-26

Published 24 September 2021 Photo: Pixabay / Arek Socha Confounding by comorbidities is of concern in many epidemiological studies. To take this into account a common strategy is to calculate each participant’s Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and use this for adjustment in regression analyses. Various CCI adjustment strategies are possible, and it is unclear, which is preferable. Read the paper a

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/methodical-considerations-adjusting-charlson-comorbidity-index-epidemiological-studies - 2024-12-26

Published 24 September 2021 A key assumption of Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis is that there is no association between the genetic variants used as instruments and the outcome other than through the exposure of interest. One way in which this assumption can be violated is through population stratification, which can introduce confounding of the relationship between the genetic variants and

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/use-negative-control-outcomes-mendelian-randomization-detect-potential-population-stratification - 2024-12-26

Published 25 September 2021 Photo: Pixabay / Alexander Lesnitsky Investigators performing epidemiological research frequently form hypotheses based on data availability. One might ask how it could be otherwise. After all, what is the point of forming hypotheses if they can’t be tested? Read the paper at https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/50/4/1053/6259481

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/rounding-usual-suspects-confirmation-bias-epidemiological-research - 2024-12-26

Published 24 September 2021 Image from pixabay / pearson0612 Ny studie från Lunds universitet, Karolinska Institutet och Region Skåne. Läs mer på https://www.lupop.lu.se/battre-beslutsstod-isolering-av-patienter-med-m…

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/battre-beslutsstod-isolering-av-patienter-med-misstankt-covid-19-pa-akutmottagningarna - 2024-12-26

Published 15 August 2022 Cover: Springer CMES Deputy Director Ronny Berndtsson has co-authored the chapter "Mitigation and Adaptation Measures" together with Sahar Baghban (University of Tehran), Omid Bozorg-Haddad (University of Tehran), Mike Hobbins (University of Colorado-Boulder) and Nadhir Al-Ansari (Luleå University of Technology) in a new edited volume published by Springer. The chapter, wh

https://www.cmes.lu.se/article/sustainable-water-management-mitigation-and-adaptation - 2024-12-26