The ability to sense the surrounding environment and respond to external fluctuations is a fundamental property of cells, the basic unit of life. Although cells can be very different in their composition and structure, they all have specialized molecular mechanisms that allow them to adapt to their environment, by coordinating gene expression and protein production. In this thesis, we focus on a s

International research has emphasised the importance of anti-Catholicism for the processes of identity formation across Europe, both for established Protestant Churches and for national liberal movements. The connection between anti-Catholicism and other ‘anti’ movements such as antisemitism, anti-feminism, and anti-socialism has also been pointed out. Much like these movements, anti-Catholicism w

The erection process of in-situ cast concrete frameworks in multi-storey housing involves a wide range of non-value adding activities, resulting in poor process efficiency. This paper describes the process and presents a model for discrete-event simulation of activities and resource use involved in the construction of in-situ cast concrete frameworks. The model simulates the work flow which is sub

Popular Abstract in Swedish Popularized summary in Swedish (Sammanfattning på svenska) Blödarsjuka - hemofili - är en ärftlig sjukdom som endast uppträder hos män och som överföres av kvinnliga bärare vilka ej är blödare. Sjukdomen tar sig uttryck i en abnorm blödningsbenägenhet med framför allt ledblödningar och då redan från tidig ålder. Det finns två typer av blödarsjuka, hemofili A respektiveIn patients with severe hemophilia it is today possible to prevent the development of arthropathy by giving effective continuous prophylaxis from an early age, thus preventing the VIII:C or IX:C concentration from falling below 1% of normal. All the signs show that if a high-dose prophylactic regimen - that is, 3,000-5,000 U/kg body weight annually - is started as early as 1-2 years of age, the pa

Popular Abstract in Swedish (Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning) I Skandinavien drabbas 1 av 3 000 människor av en ärftlig näthinnedegeneration som ofta leder till en grav synnedsättning och inte sällan till blindhet. Orsaken är att näthinnans ljuskänsliga celler långsamt förtvinar. Vi kan ännu inte bota dessa sjukdomar. Det finns många olika varianter av ärftlig näthinnedegeneration, vilket gör The purpose of the study was to characterise the phenotype with emphasis on electroretinography in four different types of hereditary retinal degeneration and to correlate it to a genotype when possible. Two methods were used: full-field electroretinography for objective assessment of retinal function and mutation screening of blood samples for detection of gene alterations. Electroretinograms fro

Even if outsourcing is a well-researched phenomenon, it can be stated that evaluation studies on IS outsourcing relationships are scarce. From a description of two IS outsourcing relationship cases, a set of les-sons learned are presented. A boundary spanning perspective is then used when evaluating these lessons learned in the client-supplier outsourcing relationships and thereby adding a “new” t

Abstract in Spanish Al tiempo que el mundo se ha vuelto más comprimido a través de la articulación de actores transnacionales o transportadores, como los expertos itinerantes, las organizaciones internacionales y los aparentes cuerpos globalizados de conocimiento, también los políticos y académicos chinos se han hecho más globales en varios campos de la acción social, incluida la educación. La pol

The tender fruits of the leguminous plant Canavalia gladiata (Sinhala awara, sword beans) are consumed in Sri Lanka as a green vegetable. The mature seeds are also utilized in a variety of ways but not very frequently, in spite of desirable agronomical properties, for cultivation in the country. This study was performed with the intention of developing methods for increasing utilization of the swo

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det finns idag en uttalad strävan från samhällets sida att höja den arki-tektoniska kvaliteten i den byggda miljön. Den svenska bygg-lagstiftning-en är sedan ett par år tillbaka ändrad så att hänsyn måste tas också till estetiska kvaliteter när ändringar i den fysiska miljön ska genomföras. I den regerings-proposition som föregick lagändringen pekas arkitektur och desigThis dissertation deals with aesthetic rules in an urban context. The dissertation develops a theoretical framework for understanding the role of aesthetic rules, especially urban design codes, in the process of improving the architectural quality of the built environment. In the context of this framework three case studies of urban design codes are presented. The over-arching aim is hermeneutical

Controller synthesis for nonlinear systems is considered with the following objective: No trajectory starting from a given set of initial states is allowed to enter into a given set of forbidden (unsafe) states. A methodology for safety verification using barrier certificates has recently been proposed. Here it is shown how a safe control law together with a corresponding barrier certificate can b

This dissertation takes its departure from the methodology of German Begriffsgeschichte and sets out to explore the use of the concept of happiness in Swedish chapbooks (skillingtryck).The period considered, 1750-1850, frames the transition from early modern to modern society, a time that has often been labeled Sattelzeit or Schwellenzeit. The aim of this thesis is to study how the concept of happ

1. All monodeoxy TMSEt globotriosides (GbO3) and double-chain bis-sulfone GbO3-lipids were synthesised. The alpha-glycosylation with deoxygenated glycosyl donors (fluoride, ethylthio- and thiopyridin-2-yl-) was investigated in the syntheses of the TMSEt 2"-, 3",- 4"- and 6"-deoxy GbO3, and activation of the thiopyridin-2-yl-glycosides with AgOTf gave the best yield and selectivity. Glycosylation w

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den här avhandlingen beskriver elektrontransport i nanometerstora halvledarstrukturer vid mycket låga temperaturer (1 nanometer = 1 miljondels millimeter). De här strukturerna har helt andra elektriska egenskaper än vanliga ledare. Man ser effekter av enskilda elektroners transport, och av kvantmekaniska fenomen som kvantiserad energi och våginterferens. Området är föreIn this thesis, electron transport in mesoscopic semiconductor nanostructures, in particular so-called electron billiards or quantum dots, is studied. The thesis can be divided into two areas: the linear response regime of transport, and the nonlinear response regime of transport. The classical and quantum mechanical electron dynamics are studied for triangular and square-shaped electron billiard