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In the 1990s Katz and Mair started to theorize about the development of a new party model across Western European democracies; the cartel party. Studies dating back to the theoretical emergence of the cartel party in the 1970s support that parties across Western Europe have become increasingly financially dependent on the state, while diverging from civil society. In this paper it is tested with q

The thesis consists of four chapters, each focused on developing the knowledge and drawing new connections with the p-adic numbers and the notions that are well known from the usual analysis on the real topology. In the first chapter, we introduce the basic structure of the $p$-adics, in connection to the conergent series and field axioms. Following that, in chapter two we focus on the defining t

Meritocracy, a form of political system where intelligence and effort combined determines your position in society. The concept have existed for centuries but the term ”meritocracy” was popularized by author and sociologist Michael Young in 1958. After that it has been embraced by politicians as a natural part of the Western ideal. At the same time it has begun to attract criticism in recent years

Green parties are increasing in popularity in many Western European countries. In light of the planet's environmental challenge, this research analyses the performance of Green Parties while in governing positions and what variables impact their support in national elections. By looking at election data for Green parties in 18 European countries from Grant (2021) and mitigation policies from t

The EU has for a long time been a credible member in the WTO, wherein trade partners need to comply with the EU´s regulations in order to import goods to the Single market. However, trade issues may arise from technical regulations, which could constitute non-tariff trade barriers. In the WTOs Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade, members raise such issues, in order to facilitate trade. Since

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Kolhydrater är för våra kroppar, minst sagt, ovärderliga molekyler. Dessa sockerarter, som vår kropp även kan syntetisera, skall inte enbart förse oss med energi, utan de besitter även en rad andra viktiga egenskaper, allt ifrån exempelvis cellulär uppbyggnad, till att vara involverade i kommunikationen mellan celler. Kolhydrater blir byggstenar till allehanda biAbstract The glycosaminoglycan dermatan sulfate plays a crucial role in the process of tumorigenesis, due to increased flexibility in the polysaccharide chain, when glucuronic acid, in the glycan chondroitin sulfate, epimerizes into iduronic acid. The conversion facilitates a change in the interaction with certain proteins such as growth factors, angiogenic factors, and cytokines. The enzyme invol

The meat sector is a known contributor to pressing environmental and public health problems such as climate change and antimicrobial resistance. Despite this, efforts to encourage changes in meat consumption face multiple barriers. One such obstacle is the fact that the meat industry engages in lobbying efforts to influence public opinion and delay policy formation. This study aimed to identify wh

In the last twenty-five years, the influence of climate change over the lives of the world’s citizens has become a central topic of discussion within multilateral organisations such as the United Nations. The topic of policy and decision- making capacity, as well as representation of developing nations such as Small Island Developing States (SIDS) is also constant. This research is conducted as a

Camping is a popular form of outdoor recreation practiced worldwide, with different individuals and groups utilizing various transportation, equipment, and values. This report aims to identify the diverse types of campers and their needs, with the goal of finding a solution that can fit into Thule‘s product portfolio. The report considers factors such as the intended location, transportation, pu

We interact with products constantly. It is, in many ways, in- escapable. But what defines those experiences, that dispari- ty, between us and things? By working extensively with text and with various explorative user tests, my ambition was to define that meeting of human and object, and imagine a different way of designing user experience. After writing and testing, I found that disparity wa

The Thesis examines issues of European Corporate Tax Law and specifically the notion of the Marks & Spencer doctrine, with respect to non-resident permanent establishments. The doctrine entails the possibility for a resident company to deduct losses that were incurred by a PE, situated in another Member State. There is an ongoing debate among writers and scholars of European Tax Law concerning

Abstract The thesis explores the effects of economic development indicators on biodiversity in Latin America and Europe. Economic data from the World Development Indicators (World Bank, 2023) and FAOSTAT (FAO, 2023), as well as Klein Goldewijk’s biodiversity index database (2015) are used. Through panel linear regression models, the analysis reveals a clear correlation between factors, but the eff

Payments for ecosystem services (PES), a mechanism of incentives or compensation to landowners for provision of ecosystem services, have grown as a tool for meeting conservation goals. The Costa Rican payments for ecosystem services (PSA) program is one of the best-known examples because of being one of the most established. Despite this, the PSA program and many other PES programs do not monitor

As permafrost thaws, diverse experts converge, creating space for onto-epistemological collaborations. On a local level, permafrost thaw compounds risks for human and non-human communities in the Circumpolar North and at high altitudes. Panning out, permafrost thaw holds the potential for immense greenhouse gas release as once-latent microbes feed on thawed organic matter. Faced with interwoven lo

This project explored the usage and effectiveness of a natural water filtration system using xylem from Picea Abies, or Norway Spruce. The project is concentrated on the region of southeast and south Asia where people suffer from water contamination, providing a concept of a water filter with comprehensive protection against waterborne diseases. The study implemented secondary research on product

Over the past years, there has been a boom of children’s books on environ- mental topics in Germany reflecting the prominence of sustainability discussions in society. These children’s books are influential in shaping the worldview and behavior of the children, which will most likely be affected by increasing environmental and social challenges in the future. From an ecocritical and ecopedagogical

Over the last decades, video games have found their way into mainstream culture. Their distinctly interactive nature sets them apart from other forms of media. With regards to the ongoing global climate crisis, it is more relevant than ever to examine the ways in which we depict natural environments in the media. This master’s thesis aims to identify ecocritical concepts present in Far Cry 6 (Ubis

This thesis examines how small-scale farmers and food artisans in Germany are impacted by and respond to the pressures of the global food system. It is based on the in-depth analysis of a case study of a recultivation effort of the traditional rye variety ‘Mecklenburger Marienroggen’ in Mecklenburg Vorpommern, Northeast Germany. I employ a thematic analysis of semi- structured interview data and s

Analyses of enslaved labor and marronage in the Caribbean and beyond abound. As insightful and important as many of these works have been, they have often overlooked the ecological dimension of the maroons’ struggle for their liberation, the relationship between nature and the political struggle for emancipation. Drawing on archival data, other primary sources, and secondary materials, and buildin