The intricate balance between dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmission in the striatum has been thoroughly difficult to characterize. It was initially described as a seesaw with a competing function of dopamine versus acetylcholine. Recent technical advances however, have brought this view into question suggesting that the two systems work rather in concert with the cholinergic interneurons

The debate on the industrial revolution (IR) has been focused on the incentives behind investment decisions and how the preliminary conditions for it appeared in England / Great Britain. One of the most famous theories to explain the IR is the one developed by Allen (2012, 2009b,a), who argues that the IR was British due to a unique combination of expensive labour and cheap energy, producing incen

OBJECTIVES: To assess the extent to which knee extensor strength and weight in adolescence are associated with knee osteoarthritis (OA) by middle age.METHODS: We studied a cohort of 40 121 men who at age 18 years in 1969/1970 underwent mandatory conscription in Sweden. We retrieved data on isometric knee extensor strength, weight, height, smoking, alcohol consumption, parental education and adult

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Raised plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFR) have been linked to arterial stiffness, cerebral microbleeds, and vascular events. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of circulating levels of TNFR1 and TNFR2 with risk for future intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).METHODS: The population-based MDCS cohort (Malmö Diet and Cancer Study;

BACKGROUND: Falls are the leading cause of fatal injuries among elderly adults. While socioeconomic status including education is a well-documented predictor of many individual health outcomes including mortality, little is known about socioeconomic inequalities in falls mortality among adults. This study aimed to assess educational inequalities in falls mortality among older adults in Sweden usin

Myeloerythroid-restricted precursor cells, derived from multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, give rise to mature cells of the granulocyte, monocyte, erythroid, and/or thrombocytic lineages. High-resolution profiling of the developmental stages, from hematopoietic stem cells to mature progeny, is important to be able to study and understand the underlying mechanisms that guide various cell fate de

The transition to a Circular Economy requires enabling conditions that remove existing barriers in product utilisation and material recovery operations. The adoption of circular business models is one of the key building blocks of the Circular Economy, but the viability of such businesses is often dependent on supporting policies. This contribution reviews the literature on resource efficiency pol

The aim of this dissertation is to critically investigate and problematize how museum exhibitions on Difficult Matters, like war and sexual violence, can be designed in order to contribute to teaching-learning relations between museum and visitor, which may transform existing perceptions of self, others, and the world and evoke a deepened sense of responsibility in the viewers, i.e. an ethical tra

The health and productivity of global land resources are declining, while demand for those resources is increasing. The aim of land degradation neutrality (LDN) is to maintain or enhance land-based natural capital and its associated ecosystem services. The Scientific Conceptual Framework for Land Degradation Neutrality has been developed to provide a scientific approach to planning, implementing a

Accumulating evidence suggests altered energy metabolism as a key feature in Huntington's disease (HD) pathology. Hyper-catabolism, including weight loss and muscle atrophy, is seen in HD patients and HD mouse models. Metabolic hormones are key players, not only in energy metabolism, but also in neurodegenerative processes. Ghrelin, a gut peptide-hormone, plays an important role in regulating ener

Objective. Resistance to activated protein C (APC resistance), caused by a single point mutation in the factor V gene (FV:R506Q), is a major risk factor for venous thrombosis. As the significance of this mutation among unselected outpatients with deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) is not established, we have studied its prevalence among consecutive outpatients attending the emergency room due to a clinica

Introduction: Exposure to allergens plays a role in the development of atopic sensitization and influencesallergic phenotype. The effects of exposure to relevant allergens both from the indoor and outdoorenvironment are complex. Immigrant children and their families are exposed to new spectra of seasonaland perennial allergens, and often new lifestyle factors, such as diet, and living conditions.

The non-receptor tyrosine kinase LCK belongs to the SRC family of kinases. SRC family kinases are proto-oncogenes that have long been known to play key roles in cell proliferation, motility, morphology and survival. Here we show that LCK regulates the function of the type III receptor tyrosine kinase FLT3 in murine pro-B cells. We observed that expression of LCK significantly enhances the colony f

Single-family houses (SFHs) constructed between 1961 and 1980 account for approximately one-third of the total energy use, 31 TWh, for space heating and domestic hot water in Swedish SFHs. These are responsible for about 40 percent of the total energy use in all buildings. There are roughly 715,000 houses from this period and they are largely homogeneous in technical terms, with low levels of ther

There is an unmet need to reliably and non-invasively monitor disease progression in preclinical Huntington's disease (HD) models. As a marker of axonal damage, neurofilament light chain (NfL) has been suggested a marker for neurodegeneration. NfL concentrations in blood and CSF were recently shown to have prognostic value for clinical HD progression and brain atrophy. We therefore hypothesized th

Bouncing on a trampoline lets the jumper experience the interplay between weightlessness and large forces on the body, as the motion changes between free fall and large acceleration in contact with the trampoline bed. In this work, several groups of students were asked to draw graphs of elevation, velocity and acceleration as a function of time, for two full jumps of the 2012 Olympic gold medal tr

Aquaporins are tetrameric membrane-bound channels that facilitate transport of water and other small solutes across cell membranes. In eukaryotes, they are frequently regulated by gating or trafficking, allowing for the cell to control membrane permeability in a specific manner. Protein-protein interactions play crucial roles in both regulatory processes and also mediate alternative functions such

Free fall is commonly discussed as an example of the equivalence principle, in the context of a homogeneous gravitational field, which is a reasonable approximation for small test masses falling moderate distances. Newton's law of gravity provides a generalisation to larger distances, and also brings in an inhomogeneity in the gravitational field. In addition, Newton's third law of action and reac

Aristokratiska gårdsanläggningar med residensbyggnad och kyrka var vanligt förekommande på den medeltida landsbygden. Företeelsen tycks ha existerat också i urbana miljöer. De icke-regala lundensiska träkyrkorna kan ses som privatkyrkor indikerande på aristokratiska stadsgårdar. Dessa ersattes senare med stenkyrkor vilka via patronatskap fortsatt var knutna till frälsets urbana gårdar, en rumslig