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Mycoplasma genitalium and macrolide resistance-associated mutations in the Skåne Region of Southern Sweden 2015

Mycoplasma genitalium is a sexually transmitted infection ordinarily treated with azithromycin. Emerging resistance to macrolide is linked to mutations in the 23S rRNA gene. We analysed the frequency of such mutations of M. genitalium isolates from patients that were symptomatic, and from sexual partners of symptomatic individuals, from October to December of 2015, in the Skåne Region of Sweden. M

Prediction models for exacerbations in different COPD patient populations : Comparing results of five large data sources

Background and objectives: Exacerbations are important outcomes in COPD both from a clinical and an economic perspective. Most studies investigating predictors of exacerbations were performed in COPD patients participating in pharmacological clinical trials who usually have moderate to severe airflow obstruction. This study was aimed to investigate whether predictors of COPD exacerbations depend o

Clinical and ultrasound characteristics of surgically removed adnexal lesions with largest diameter ≤ 2.5 cm : a pictorial essay

Objectives: To describe the ultrasound characteristics, indications for surgery and histological diagnoses of surgically removed adnexal masses with a largest diameter of ≤ 2.5 cm (very small tumors), to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis of malignancy by subjective assessment of ultrasound images of very small tumors and to present a collection of ultrasound images of surgicall

Long term azathioprine maintenance therapy in ANCA-associated vasculitis : combined results of long-term follow-up data

Methods: Three hundred and eighty newly diagnosed ANCA-associated vasculitis patients from six European multicentre studies treated with AZA maintenance were included; 58% were male, median age at diagnosis 59.4 years (interquartile range: 48.3-68.2 years); granulomatosis with polyangiitis, n = 236; microscopic polyangiitis, n = 132; or renal limited vasculitis, n = 12. Patients were grouped accor

Somatic Genetic Variation in Children: from Mosaicism to Cancer

This thesis concerns various aspects of somatic mosaicism and genetic intratumor heterogeneity in childhood cancer.In paper I, I show that aneuploidy in itself does not lead to the level of chromosomal instability that is typically seen in malignant cells. This finding strongly argues against the so called autocatalytic theory of carcinogenesis.Paper II illustrates that, in rare cases, low-level s

Co-occurrence of Type 1 Diabetes and Celiac Disease Autoimmunity

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Few birth cohorts have prospectively followed development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) autoimmunities to determine timing, extent of co-occurrence, and associated genetic and demographic factors.METHODS: In this prospective birth cohort study, 8676 children at high genetic risk of both diseases were enrolled and 5891 analyzed in median follow-up of 66

Measurement properties of a test battery to assess postural orientation during functional tasks in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament injury rehabilitation

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. BACKGROUND: Visual rating of postural orientation during functional tasks may be a valuable tool to track rehabilitation progress following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. A valid test battery assessing postural orientation as a separate construct is lacking. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate measurement properties of a test battery to assess postural orientatio

PUFA status and methylmercury exposure are not associated with leukocyte telomere length in mothers or their children in the seychelles child development study

Background: Leukocyte telomere length (TL) is associated with age-related diseases and early mortality, but there is a lack of data on the determinants of TL in early life. Evidence suggests that dietary intake ofmarine n-3 (v-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is protective of telomere attrition, yet the effect of methylmercury exposure, also found in fish, on TL is unknown. Objective: The ai

Population trends in the incidence and initial management of osteoarthritis : age-period-cohort analysis of the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, 1992-2013

Objective: To determine recent trends in the rate and management of new cases of OA presenting to primary healthcare using UK nationally representative data.Methods: Using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink we identified new cases of diagnosed OA and clinical OA (including OA-relevant peripheral joint pain in those aged over 45 years) using established code lists. For both definitions we esti

Influences of breakfast on clock gene expression and postprandial glycemia in healthy individuals and individuals with diabetes : A randomized clinical trial

OBJECTIVE The circadian clock regulates glucose metabolism by mediating the activity of metabolic enzymes, hormones, and transport systems. Breakfast skipping and night eating have been associated with high HbA1c and postprandial hyperglycemia after lunch and dinner. Our aim was to explore the acute effect of breakfast consumption or omission on glucose homeostasis and clock gene expression in hea

Magnetic deformation of the white dwarf surface structure

The influence of strong, large-scale magnetic fields on the structure and temperature distribution in white dwarf atmospheres is investigated. Magnetic fields may provide an additional component of pressure support, thus possibly inflating the atmosphere compared to the non-magnetic case. Since the magnetic forces are not isotropic, atmospheric properties may significantly deviate from spherical s

Spatially resolved spectroscopy across stellar surfaces : I. Using exoplanet transits to analyze 3D stellar atmospheres

Context. High-precision stellar analyses require hydrodynamic modeling to interpret chemical abundances or oscillation modes. Exoplanet atmosphere studies require stellar background spectra to be known along the transit path while detection of Earth analogs require stellar microvariability to be understood. Hydrodynamic 3D models can be computed for widely different stars but have been tested in d

The making of body differences: physical activity, gender, and age in institutional addiction treatment

Elements of sports and physical activity are common in institutional addiction treatment, in both Sweden and other European countries. These activities can be understood as activities of everyday life that promote health and well-being in institutional life. At the same time, physical activity is closely interwoven with a Western culture in which a healthy and fit body is an important social marke

Anti-corruption: Who Cares?

Revised and extended keynote paper presented at the Lund School of Management Conference on Sustainability Reporting and Accountability (SUBREA) November 2016, to appear in a collection ed. by Susanne Arvidsson. There are two scenarios of anti-corruption, one that emphasizes progress generated by the movement, the other, dark side that argues that corruption is still with us, has become more sophi

Capsule endoscopy in young patients with iron deficiency anaemia and negative bidirectional gastrointestinal endoscopy

Background: Recent data imply young patients (age ≤50 years) undergoing small-bowel (SB) capsule endoscopy (CE) for iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) show higher diagnostic yield (DY) for sinister pathology. We aimed to investigate DY of CE in a large cohort of young IDA patients, and evaluate factors predicting significant SB pathology. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective, multicentre stu