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The commercialisation of smallholder agriculture is increasingly recognised as key to economic development and poverty alleviation. Interventions to promote commercialisation of smallholder agriculture in most cases adopt the farmer group approach as an efficient collective action initiative for enhancing marketing performance. Understanding how farmer groups’social structure and collective action

Women's Empowerment has long been a hot topic along with the increasing awareness of gender equality. However, women farmers in rural areas, especially those marginalized, have not received sufficient attention. The long-term sustainable development of the agriculture sector is essentially related to basic survival needs of human beings and thus, paying more attention to rural farming women

The implementation step of environmental policies has often been disregarded by researchers, who mainly focused on the policy-making process. Yet, implementation is crucial for the success of a policy. We looked at the influence of domestic factors in the implementation process to explain how countries members of the European Union that have similar administrative capacities yet obtain different i

Since the end of the 1999 war, Kosovo has received high flows of development assistance, thus becoming among the top beneficiaries per capita worldwide. The EU is the largest donor to Kosovo that aims to support the country’s development as well as the EU accession process. Despite the fact that development must be, primarily, autonomous, i.e. which cannot be imposed, but rather must come from wit

Public sector IT projects are often reported as being total disasters; going over budget and beyond their time frame for a poor quality final product. However, IT failures are not unique for the public sector. As a response to poor IT development, many organisations are now transforming to agile. Grounded in the Agile Manifesto, the agile approach is a collective, iterative and user-centric approa

Degrowth scholars have been criticised for focusing too much on theory and macro-level of analysis, giving less attention to actual degrowth practices that happen at the local level. This thesis aims to make a contribution to this second field of degrowth research. Drawing on a practice theory approach, the objective of the study was to find whether degrowth practices and ideas have the potential

Long working-hour problem in Korea has been prevalent for many years. Compare to other countries, it has been one of the countries which have the longest working-hour in the world. As working long hours is directly related to employees‟ work-life balance, job satisfaction, health and more, previous researches as well as political attempts have tried to resolve this chronic problem. Previous approa

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the EU and the member states. There is a vide range of theoretical approaches intended to develop a greater comprehension in why European integration take place and how the political process within the EU can be explained. This study aims to test two competing integration theories, Liberal Intergovernmentalism and Sociological Instit

The creative economy (CE) has recently been at the forefront of Indonesia’s development agenda. By harnessing human creativity and cultural resources, there is considerable potential for CE and the creative and cultural industries to contribute to economic growth and generate employment opportunities for the country’s expanding working-age population. However, the virtues of CE have largely been e

Since 2008, the European Union requires the candidate and neighbourhood countries to undertake reforms in the field of citizens’ rights, including protection of minorities in order to give their nationals access to the Schengen area for the short-term stays. However, within the visa liberalisation procedure, the European Union has demonstrated ambivalence in monitoring the implementation of these

In 2017, the course literature pertaining to a course on political science at Lund University was changed due to the university’s gender equality policy. This happened in opposition to the lecturer’s will which caused a debate. The paper uses this case to explore the relation between academic freedom and gender equality in a discursive context. The aim is to identify how the debaters understand ac

The landscape in global international economic relations has experienced major upheavals during the past decade. On the one hand, major economic powers abandon the principles of multilateralism and open trade, on the other, emerging players like China increasingly gain influence, firmly advancing their interests with extensive projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The EU, rightly se

Kazakhstan is a middle-income country which is going through the global phenomena of nutritional transition. One of the characteristics of the transition is increase in red meat consumption associated with growing incomes. Public Health diseases and environmental challenges caused by the transition are starting to take place in the country. Plant based diet is recognized and suggested as a sustain

The U.S. decision to partner with the Kurdish militia YPG to combat ISIS in Syria has caused its longstanding ally Turkey to align with Russia and Iran, and risks doing permanent damage to the NATO-alliance, ostensibly to the detriment of U.S. national interests. Taken at face value, this seems to contradict standard notions in neo-realist theory about state behavior. Given this seeming paradox, a

This thesis is an analysis of the reform in the judicial system in Albania done recently. This thesis will examine how much closer or distant is Albania to open negotiations with the EU to achieve integration. The reform in the justice system which is required by the EU as part of the political criteria that Albania has to fulfil in respect to the Copenhagen. Everything from the way the reform is

Stigma of pregnant and mothering adolescents is linked to socially constructed gender roles and sexual identities, ideals of motherhood, and stigma of adolescent sexual activity. As such, it constitutes an adolescent sexual and reproductive health issue. It is a contributing factor to several negative consequences related to adolescent pregnancy, such as advert health outcomes, lower educational a

Sverige är ett av världens ledande länder när det gäller export av krigsmateriel, och exporterar till såväl demokratier som icke-demokratier. Denna uppsats ämnar undersöka hur Sveriges export av krigsmateriel är förenlig med landets åtaganden för bevarandet och skyddandet av de mänskliga rättigheterna på den internationella arenan genom att studera exporten till Förenade Arabemiraten, Norge och US

“A kinder form of state” is what Arend Lijphart called democracies in which proportional electoral systems had been adopted, since these states gave priority to welfare, climate protection and foreign aid in greater extent compared to democracies that had adopted a majoritarian electoral system. In fact, some of the results from Lijpharts research about the effects of proportional electoral system

During the spring of 2019 a debate arised in Swedish politics regarding returning IS-fighters and if they should be allowed to retain their Swedish citizenship. With a normative analysis, the essay answers how the Swedish government ought to act from a normative standpoint. This is done from the viewpoint of social contract theory, where the possession of a citizenship is equated to being a part o

As immigration and integration have become more important to Swedes in recent years, rising to the third most important election question in the 2018 election, the question of national identity has also risen as a topic of interest in Sweden. A heated national debate on what constitutes a Swedish identity raged in 2015-16. No clear consensus has been reached, but many contemporary commentators has