Cities around the world are constructing bicycle infrastructure to increase cycling. However, identifying efficient design solutions and determining how bicycle infrastructure planning knowledge can be integrated into comprehensive policy remains a challenge. The objective of this paper is to shed light on the strengths and weaknesses of current bicycle infrastructure planning in both an experienc

Cycling plays an important role in low-carbon transitions. Around the globe, cities are constructing bicycle infrastructure. The city of Copenhagen has a bicycle-friendly infrastructure celebrated for its fine-meshed network. This study documents the spatio-temporal development of Copenhagen’s bicycle infrastructure and explores how the development corresponds to other processes of urban transform

A series of experiments was undertaken in the province Scania in southern Sweden with the aim to acquire a better knowledge about the electrical resistivity of the soil surrounding heating and water distribution pipes, in order to assess the risk of corrosion. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and moving multi-depth electrostatic arrays have been applied to determine the resistivity distribu

We evaluated the use of two radiolabeled lambda DNA/Hpa II substrates to detect 5'-->3', 3'-->5' single and double stranded DNA dependent exonuclease and phosphatase activities found as contaminants in restriction and modifying enzyme preparations. Looking for the meaning of the radioactive assays results in a real cloning experience, we performed a cloning simulation assay using the same conditio

The sharing of digital information between phases in the planning and building process still have shortcomings. Ourstudy is performed as a test case on a construction project in a municipality and focuses on two aspects of how the sharing of building information could be improved: 1) to get a more process oriented approach to the information flow. Here we will test if the ISO-standard Product Life

A field study for the arid northwest China has been conducted to find water-saving strategies of drip irrigation for dense-planted crops. The annual water consumption for optimal growth was 420 mm, of which soil evaporation was 27% and the foliage transpiration 73%. A relationship between soil water consumption and the irrigation amount, crop yield and water use efficiency were established. It was

We perform a multi-dimensional parameter scan in the generation of high-order harmonics, with the main purpose to find the macroscopic conditions that optimize the harmonic yield in a specific spectral domain, around 40 eV for this particular case. The scanned parameters are the laser pulse energy, gas pressure, interaction cell position relative to focus and the cell length, while the fixed param

Introduction: Copper (Cu) is an essential element involved in biological processes; however, excessive Cu could be harmful because of its reactive nature. Very few studies have evaluated its potential neurotoxic effects. We aimed to evaluate the association between maternal Cu levels and children's neuropsychological development. Methods: Study subjects were mother-child pairs from the Spanish INM

It has been demonstrated in animal studies that prenatal administration of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB, metabolite of leucine) influences general growth and mechanical endurance of long bones in newborn offspring in sex-dependent manner. The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of HMB treatment of pregnant sows on bone development in offspring at weaning. From 70th day until

When manufacturing firms are deciding which products to produce, it is of utmost importance that they correctly allocate costs to products. It is common practice for manufacturers to use a single model for cost allocation and management accounting and to apply it to all products and production resources. Since most organisations have different types of production processes within their operations,

Background: Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) have been suggested to have a potential role in both bone loss and pain in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), based on studies in vitro and in animal models. Here we addressed if anti-cyclic citrullinated (anti-CCP) antibodies were associated with osteopenia or pain in patients with RA, at the time for diagnosis. Methods: Baseline data from the BARF

Objective: To assess function using the Signals of Functional Impairment (SOFI) instrument over 8 years, to study clinical variables associated with the change, and to study change over time of the SOFI items. Methods: In total, 1,223 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from the Better Anti-Rheumatic Farmacotherapy (BARFOT) cohort (mean ± SD age 56.9 ± 15.4 years, 67% women) were include

There are three main types of inhalers, dry powder inhalers (DPI, single and multidose), metered dose inhalers (pMDI, spray, suspension and solution), and soft mist (SMI). There are major differences in inhalation technique and handling of the different inhaler types. Different inhalers are well suited for different patients and the choice of inhaler may be crucial for the treatment outcome. It is

The four main findings about the age and abundance structure of the Milky Way bulge based on microlensed dwarf and subgiant stars are: (1) a wide metallicity distribution with distinct peaks at [Fe/H] = -1.09, -0.63, -0.20, +0.12, +0.41; (2) a high fraction of intermediate-age to young stars where at [Fe/H] > 0 more than 35 % are younger than 8 Gyr, (3) several episodes of significant star formati