Pilots in long-duration flight missions in single-seat aircraft may be affected by fatigue. This study determined associations between cognitive performance, emotions and physiological activation and deactivation–measured by heart rate variability (HRV)–in a simulated 11-h flight mission in the 39 Gripen aircraft. Twelve participants volunteered for the study. Perceived fatigue was measured by the

BACKGROUND One of the most challenging tasks of modern biology concerns the real-time tracking and quantification of mRNA expression in living cells. On this matter, a novel platform called SmartFlareTM has taken advantage of fluorophore-linked nanoconstructs for targeting RNA transcripts. Although fluorescence emission does not account for the spatial mRNA distribution, NanoFlare technology has g

Background: General practitioners (GPs) play a key role in managing the COVID-19 outbreak. However, they may encounter difficulties adapting their practices to the pandemic. We provide here an analysis of guidelines for the reorganisation of GP surgeries during the beginning of the pandemic from 15 countries. Methods: A network of GPs collaborated together in a three-step process: (i) identificati

Background: Preterm infants are susceptible to hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia, which may lead to adverse neurodevelopment. The use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices might help in keeping glucose levels in the normal range, and reduce the need for blood sampling. However, the use of CGM might be associated with harms in the preterm infant. Objectives: To assess the benefits and harms

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias currently represent the fifth most common cause of death in the world, according to the World Health Organization, with a projected future increase as the proportion of the elderly in the population is growing. Air pollution has emerged as a plausible risk factor for AD, but studies estimating dementia cases attributable to exposure to fine

Background: Accurately quantifying the risk of osteoporotic fracture is important for directing appropriate clinical interventions. While skeletal measures such as heel quantitative speed of sound (SOS) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry bone mineral density are able to predict the risk of osteoporotic fracture, the utility of such measurements is subject to the availability of equipment and hum

Background: Several studies have assessed the Quality of Life (QoL) in Deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children and adolescents. The findings from these studies, however, vary from DHH children reporting lower QoL than their typically hearing (TH) peers to similar QoL and even higher QoL. These differences have been attributed to contextual and individual factors such as degree of access to communi

In this study, the microbiological food safety of using anaerobic digestate as a fertilizer in hydroponic production of vegetables was evaluated. The used anaerobic digestate was a liquid residue obtained from the digestion of food waste in the production of biogas. Replacing the customary inorganic fertilizer used in hydroponic production with this recycled fertilizer (biofertilizer) could allow

Objective: To identify clinical and histopathological risk factors of LNM in T1 CRC. Summary of Background Data: The requisite of additional surgery after locally resected T1 CRC is dependent on the risk of LNM. Depth of submucosal invasion is used as a key predictor of lymphatic metastases although data are conflicting on its actual impact. Methods: Retrospective population-based cohort study on

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the inter-rater reliability and agreement of the diagnosis of otitis media with effusion, acute otitis media, and no effusion cases based on an otoscopy image and in some cases an additional wideband tympanometry measurement of the patient. Methods: 1409 cases were examined and diagnosed by an otolaryngologist in the clinic, and otoscopy examination and w

Objective: Basal ganglia structures play an important role in the pathophysiology of absence epilepsy, known as remote control of absence seizures. We examined the role of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway in absence epilepsy through behavioral and electroencephalography (EEG) parameters, immunohistochemical, and biochemical characteristics of dopamine and serotonin in the genetic absence epi

The aim of this text is to show how the KGB, after actually acting as a "fire brigade" during the brutally suppressed uprising in Novocherkassk and some minor riots in the first half of the year 1962, significantly changed its course in the second half of 1962 and in 1963 and launched a new offensive aimed primarily at the intellectual elites of Soviet society.

BACKGROUND: Breast-conserving surgery followed by radiotherapy is part of standard treatment for early-stage breast cancer. Hypoxia is common in cancer and may affect the benefit of radiotherapy. Cells adapt to hypoxic stress largely via the transcriptional activity of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. Here, we aim to determine whether tumour HIF-1α-positivity and hypoxic gene-expression signatur

We utilize laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for measuring mixture composition and temperature in flames. Spectroscopy of the plasma emission yields concentration information, while temperature is derived from the breakdown threshold pulse energy.