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The resistance and resilience provided by functional redundancy, a common feature of microbial communities, is not always advantageous. An example is nitrite oxidation in partial nitritation-anammox (PNA) reactors designed for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment, where suppression of nitrite oxidizers like Nitrospira is sought. In these ecosystems, biofilms provide microhabitats with oxygen g

Essä om tidigmodern så kallad hordiktning och användningen av obscen terminologi.

In this article, I draw on the experiences of Iraqi diasporas in the UK and Sweden after the 2003 US-led intervention to demonstrate how ethno-sectarianism in Iraq has affected their political transnationalism. Using the concepts of intersectionality and positionality, I show how the reconfiguration of the social positions of individuals and groups in the diaspora affects their types of political

While the literature has expounded diaspora’s involvement in homeland politics through lobbying efforts to influence hostland foreign policies, involvement in homeland conflicts and peace-building, this paper addresses a less-explored area in the diaspora literature related to the development of democracy through transnational civil society building. Using the case study of the Iraqi diaspora in S

How do we explain change in political transnationalism over time? In what way does this change affect diasporic identities? And how does this change alter the relationship and power of diasporic actors towards their homeland states? This paper addresses these questions in relation to Iraqi Shi’a political transnationalism between London and Iraq pre and post-2003. I argue that the confluence of po

This article explores the role of religion in political transnationalism using the case of the Shi'a Iraqi diaspora since 2003. The article focuses on three areas that capture important trends in Shi'a transnationalism and their implications for transnational Shi'a identity politics. These include Shi'a diasporic politics, transnational Shi'a civic activism, and the cultural production of Iraqi Sh

Iraqi diaspora mobilization and the future development of Iraq – authored by Dr. Oula Kadhum, explores Iraqi diaspora mobilization before and after the 2003 invasion and fall of the regime of Saddam Hussein. It looks at the ways members of the diaspora sought to help in the rebuilding of their country of origin, at both the elite and grassroots levels, as well as investigating changes over time. I

During the last decade it has been increasingly acknowledged that carbon (C) contained in root exudates can accelerate decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM), a phenomenon known as rhizosphere priming effect (RPE). However, the controlling factors and the role of different soil microorganisms in RPE are not yet well understood. There are some indications that the response of the soil microbial

Land-cover changes have a clear impact on local climates via biophysical effects. European land cover has been affected by human activities for at least 6000 years, but possibly longer. It is thus highly probable that humans altered climate before the industrial revolution (AD1750–1850). In this study, climate and vegetation 6000 years (6 ka) ago is investigated using one global climate model, two

We present the archaeological discovery and microscale X-ray Computed Tomography (µCT) scanning of a silver coin purse lost in a medieval shipwreck while the king who issued many of the coins was aboard. The find demonstrates that shipwrecks are extraordinary repositories of historical information, in this case providing insight into one of the most important and dramatic events of medieval Scandi

Efter flera krig övergick på 1600-talet Skåne, Halland och Blekinge från Danmark till Sverige, medan Bornholm förblev danskt. Övergången var gradvis, inte utan motstånd, och den varierade mellan och även inom landskapen. Artikeln undersöker hur dansk och svensk överhöghet synliggjordes i kyrkorna under denna övergångstid med bilder på riksvapnet, kungliga namn och monogram, särskilt på altaruppsat

The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm, has opened up the possibility of using the ubiquity of small devices to route information without the necessity of being connected to a Wide Area Network (WAN). Use cases of IoT devices sending updates that are routed and delivered by other IoT devices have been proposed in the literature. In this paper we focus on receivers only interested in the freshest up

I describe changes in the social structure of the Swedish workforce over the long term. Occupational coding from nine full count censuses from 1880 until 1990 and 2001-2016 occupational registers is aligned to comprehensively map social stratification for birth cohorts born 1820-1985. We show occupational upgrading for working women and men over the past 150 years. The male andfemale workforce con

Conventional social mobility research misses substantial inequalities of opportunity. To capture intergenerational persistence of family social status we need to move beyond parent-child associations in occupation or income. Models that incorporate surname group belonging show that families do not regress to a population mean at the speed implied by parent-child associations. Their mobility is fur

How does parental social status affects child status attainment across time? Social mobility studies have traditionally studied parent-child associations using one ‘dominant’ parent to reflect social origin. However, the institutions of family and work have changed substantially over the past 150 years, in Sweden as elsewhere. These changes are associated with changes in intergenerationalstatus mo

Resources have always been at the heart of civil society theorizing. While many earlier theories have focused on resources in the forms of money, people, ideas, or personnel, recent debates highlight the Internet and social media as new environments for resource mobilization. This chapter contributes to current research by comparing the human, economic, and political resources accumulated both offResources have always been at the heart of civil society theorizing. While many earlier theories have focused on resources in the forms of money, people, ideas, or personnel, recent debates highlight the Internet and social media as new environments for resource mobilization. This chapter contributes to current research by comparing the human, economic, and political resources accumulated both off