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Structural studies of membrane proteins remain a great experimental challenge. Functional reconstitution into artificial nanoscale bilayer disc carriers that mimic the native bilayer environment allows the handling of membrane proteins in solution. This enables the use of small-angle scattering techniques for fast and reliable structural analysis. The difficulty with this approach is that the carr

Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a major component of eukaryotic cell membranes and one of the most commonly used phospholipids for reconstitution of membrane proteins into carrier systems such as lipid vesicles, micelles and nanodiscs. Selectively deuterated versions of this lipid have many applications, especially in structural studies using techniques such as NMR, neutron reflectivity and small-angl

Here, we bind the sodium dependent amino acid transporter on nitrilotriacetic acid/polyethylene glycol functionalized gold sensors in detergents and perform a detergent-lipid exchange with phosphatidylcholine. We characterize the LeuT structure in the adsorbed film by magnetic contrast neutron reflection using the predicted model from molecular dynamic simulations.

Cysteine is an important amino acid in the redox defense of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily as a building block of mycothiol. Genetic studies have implicated de novo cysteine biosynthesis in pathogen survival in infected macrophages, in particular for persistent M. tuberculosis. Here, we report on the identification and characterization of potent inhibitors of CysM, a critical enzyme in cyst

Atherosclerosis and its clinical consequences are the leading cause of death in the western hemisphere. While many studies throughout the last decades have aimed at understanding the disease, the clinical markers in use today still fail to accurately predict the risks. The role of the current main clinical indicator, low density lipoprotein (LDL), in depositing fat to the vessel wall is believed t

Cholesterol is an essential component of mammalian membranes and is known to induce a series of physicochemical changes in the lipid bilayer. Such changes include the formation of liquid-ordered phases with an increased thickness and a configurational order as compared to liquid-disordered phases. For saturated lipid membranes, cholesterol molecules localize close to the lipid head group-tail inte

Deuteration of biomolecules has a major impact on both quality and scope of neutron scattering experiments. Cholesterol is a major component of mammalian cells, where it plays a critical role in membrane permeability, rigidity and dynamics, and contributes to specific membrane structures such as lipid rafts. Cholesterol is the main cargo in low and high-density lipoprotein complexes (i.e. LDL, HDL

Lipoproteins play a key role in the onset and development of atherosclerosis, the formation of lipid plaques at blood vessel walls. The plaque formation, as well as subsequent calcification, involves not only endothelial cells but also connective tissue, and is closely related to a wide range of cardiovascular syndromes, that together constitute the number one cause of death in the Western World.

Structural studies of integral membrane proteins (IMPs) are challenging, as many of them are inactive or insoluble in the absence of a lipid environment. Here, we describe an approach making use of fractionally deuterium labeled "stealth carrier" nanodiscs that are effectively invisible to low-resolution neutron diffraction and enable structural studies of IMPs in a lipidic native-like solution en

Nanodiscs are self-assembled ∼10 nm particles composed of lipid bilayer patches, stabilized by helical amphipathic belt proteins. The size, monodispersity and well-defined structure make the nanodiscs a popular model for the biological cell membrane, especially for structural and functional studies of membrane proteins. The structures and properties of nanodiscs made of zwitterionic lipids are wel

This chapter discusses the current body of evidence that supports a role for mitochondria in plant cell death. In plants, a reduction of mitochondrial function and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels by suppression of autophagy triggered necrosis instead of developmental programmed cell death (PCD). PCD is found to be closely associated with mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production

The present study was conducted to investigate heat transfer enhancement from the endwall of a protruding circular cylinder by addition of a winglet vortex generator pair. A steady-state liquid crystal thermography technique was employed. The vortex generator pair is installed upstream of a cylinder placed either in counter flow inward or counter flow outward orientation. The vortex generator inst

Essä om filmen "Den tredje mannen" ("The Third Man", 1949) och de turistvandringar samt filmmuseum i Wien som filmen har givit upphov till.

Essä om Ingmar Bergmans lyckade satsning på tv-produktion, konstnärliga förnyelse och populära genomslag i början av 1970-talet.

By utilizing the promising alternative fuel of syngas, and the syngas/diesel dual-fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) is a potential combustion strategy for internal combustion engines. However, the optimal operating parameters for syngas/diesel RCCI engines under wide operating conditions have not been investigated. In this study, the operating parameters include fuel supply, s

Kulturartikel om Ingmar Bergman som politisk konstnär inom film och tv på 1960- och 70-talen.