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Smoking, body mass index, disease activity, and the risk of rapid radiographic progression in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis

BACKGROUND: Identification of risk factors for rapid joint destruction in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can be helpful for optimizing treatment, and improving our understanding of destructive arthritis and its mechanisms. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between early RA patient characteristics and subsequent rapid radiographic progression (RRP).METHODS: An incepti

Prevalence of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele in amyloid β positive subjects across the spectrum of Alzheimer's disease

Introduction: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 is the major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its prevalence is unclear because earlier studies did not require biomarker evidence of amyloid β (Aβ) pathology. Methods: We included 3451 Aβ+ subjects (853 AD-type dementia, 1810 mild cognitive impairment, and 788 cognitively normal). Generalized estimating equation models were used to ass

The opportunity prior : A simple and practical solution to the prior probability problem for legal cases

One of the greatest impediments to the use of probabilistic reasoning in legal arguments is the difficulty in agreeing on an appropriate prior probability for the ultimate hypothesis, (in criminal cases this is normally “Defendant is guilty of the crime for which he/she is accused”). Even strong supporters of a Bayesian approach prefer to ignore priors and focus instead on considering only the lik

A natural female disadvantage? : Maternal mortality and the role of nutrition related causes of death in The Netherlands, 1875-1899

This article addresses the question whether maternal mortality should be excluded from the study of excess female mortality. This phenomenon points to lower survival chances for women in certain age groups as opposed to men in the same age group. The existence of excess female mortality has been established for a number of European countries, primarily for the nineteenth century period, and it has

En bakterie simmar aldrig ensam

Du kanske simmade i sjön i somras? Bakterier simmar också men i en högviskös värld styrd av mycket exotiska hydrodynamiska egenskaper som får oväntade effekter.

Near-Edge x‑ray absorption fine structure investigation of the quasi-One-Dimensional organic conductor (TMTSF)2PF6

We present high-resolution near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) measurements at the P L2/3 edges, F K edge, C K edge, and Se M2/3 edges of the quasi-one-dimensional (1D) conductor and superconductor (TMTSF)2PF6. NEXAFS allows probing the donor and acceptor moieties separately; spectra were recorded between room temperature (RT) and 30 K at normal incidence. Spectra taken around RT we

BAP1 induces cell death via interaction with 14-3-3 in neuroblastoma article

BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) is a nuclear deubiquitinating enzyme that is associated with multiprotein complexes that regulate key cellular pathways, including cell cycle, cellular differentiation, cell death, and the DNA damage response. In this study, we found that the reduced expression of BAP1 pro6motes the survival of neuroblastoma cells, and restoring the levels of BAP1 in these cells f

The multiple myeloma risk allele at 5q15 lowers ELL2 expression and increases ribosomal gene expression

Recently, we identified ELL2 as a susceptibility gene for multiple myeloma (MM). To understand its mechanism of action, we performed expression quantitative trait locus analysis in CD138+ plasma cells from 1630 MM patients from four populations. We show that the MM risk allele lowers ELL2 expression in these cells (P combined = 2.5 × 10-27; β combined = -0.24 SD), but not in peripheral blood or ot

The Planners' Perspective on Train Timetable Errors in Sweden

Timetables are important for train punctuality. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the people who plan the timetables: the research has instead been more centred on how to improve timetables through simulation, optimisation, and data analysis techniques. In this study, we present an overview of the state of practice and the state of the art in timetable planning by studying the

Modeling of solid oxide fuel cells with optimized interconnect designs

A 3D model is developed to investigate solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) contacting with optimized interconnect designs and the results indicate that the current density and thermal stress are closely related to both the shape of tip in interconnects and the depth of it in the cathode. The interconnect with triangular rips can yield the best electrochemical performance compared to those with tips of

Biomechanical exposure of industrial workers – Influence of automation process

Automated processes in industry have been implemented in order to get higher production rates, but our knowledge about their effects on physical exposure of the workers is still limited. Muscular load, postures, and movements of the head, neck/shoulders, upper arms, and wrists were recorded in 19 operators from two different car clutch disc production lines (manual and semi-automated). Higher angu

Circular business models : Developing a sustainable future

This book explores the need to develop business strategies, organise and fund transformation projects and manage the transformation programme in order to further a circular economy. Circular Business Models outlines sustainable business models that can be used by companies to move transformation forward on a large scale. In addition to business models the book will cover and discuss a number of ot

Experimental comparative evaluation of a graphene nanofluid coolant in miniature plate heat exchanger

As a novel coolant, the ethylene glycol-water (50 wt.%:50 wt.%) with graphene nanoplatelets nanofluids (GnP-EGW) were prepared at four weight concentrations (0.01, 0.1 0.5 and 1.0 wt.%), and heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics in a miniature plate heat exchanger (MPHE) were investigated. All nanofluid samples were prepared and diluted by ultrasonic vibration, and their thermal conducti

Data consistency of the burning velocity measurements using the heat flux method : Hydrogen flames

Consistent datasets of experiments are highly important both for validation and optimization of kinetic mechanisms. An analysis of the data consistency of all available burning velocity measurements of hydrogen flames using the heat flux method at atmospheric pressure is performed in the present work. A comparison of many experiments performed in several laboratories with different types of diluti

Biomarkers for equine joint injury and osteoarthritis

We report the results of a symposium aimed at identifying validated biomarkers that can be used to complement clinical observations for diagnosis and prognosis of joint injury leading to equine osteoarthritis (OA). Biomarkers might also predict pre-fracture change that could lead to catastrophic bone failure in equine athletes. The workshop was attended by leading scientists in the fields of equin

Monitoring biofilm function in new and matured full-scale slow sand filters using flow cytometric histogram image comparison (CHIC)

While slow sand filters (SSFs) have produced drinking water for more than a hundred years, understanding of their associated microbial communities is limited. In this study, bacteria in influent and effluent water from full-scale SSFs were explored using flow cytometry (FCM) with cytometric histogram image comparison (CHIC) analysis; and routine microbial counts for heterotrophs, total coliforms a

Enhanced broadband absorption in nanowire arrays with integrated Bragg reflectors

A near-unity unselective absorption spectrum is desirable for high-performance photovoltaics. Nanowire (NW) arrays are promising candidates for efficient solar cells due to nanophotonic absorption resonances in the solar spectrum. The absorption spectra, however, display undesired dips between the resonance peaks. To achieve improved unselective broadband absorption, we propose to enclose distribu

Deep tissue imaging with acousto-optical tomography and spectral hole burning with slow light effect : A theoretical study

Biological tissue is a highly scattering medium that prevents deep imaging of light. For medical applications, optical imaging offers a molecular sensitivity that would be beneficial for diagnosing and monitoring of diseases. Acousto-optical tomography has the molecular sensitivity of optical imaging with the resolution of ultrasound and has the potential for deep tissue imaging. Here, we present

A Novel Topical PPAR 3 Agonist Induces PPAR 3 Activity in Ulcerative Colitis Mucosa and Prevents and Reverses Inflammation in Induced Colitis Models

Background Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR 3) exerts anti-inflammatory effects and is therefore a potential target in ulcerative colitis (UC). A novel PPAR 3 agonist (AS002) developed for local action was evaluated ex vivo in biopsies from UC patients and in vivo in mice with low-grade dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)- and trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis. Me