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Climate-fire interactions and Savanna ecosystems : A dynamic vegetation modeling study for the African Continent

Savannas are inherently “disturbed” ecosystems, but the regularly recurring disruptions play such a fundamental ecological role (Scholes and Archer, 1997) that “episodic events” rather than “disturbance” may the more apt terminology. From an atmospheric perspective, fire is the most significant of these episodic events. Fires shape community species composition; tree to grass ratio and nutrient re

The phonology of second occurrence focus

This paper investigates the question of whether and how Second Occurrence Focus (SOF) is realized phonetically in German. The apparent lack of phonetic marking on SOF has raised much discussion on the semantic theory of focus (Partee 1999, Rooth 1992). Some researchers have reported the existence of phonetic marking of SOF in the postnuclear area (Rooth 1996, Beaver et al. 2007). In our experiment

Automated quantification of reference levels in liver and mediastinal blood pool for the Deauville therapy response classification using FDG-PET/CT in Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas

Background: 18F-FDG-PET/CT has become a standard for assessing treatment response in patients with lymphoma. A subjective interpretation of the scan based on the Deauville 5-point scale has been widely adopted. However, inter-observer variability due to the subjectivity of the interpretation is a limitation. Our main goal is to develop an objective and automated method for evaluating response. The

Bootstrap-based bias correction and inference for dynamic panels with fixed effects

In this article, we describe a new command, xtbcfe, that performs the iterative bootstrap-based bias correction for the fixed-effects estimator in dynamic panels proposed by Everaert and Pozzi (2007, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 31: 1160–1184). We first simplify the core of their algorithm by using the invariance principle and subsequently extend it to allow for unbalanced and higher o

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The brilliance and the sufferings of the literary critique in its first instance cannot be separated from the brilliance and suffering of the critic who firstly assesses the work. The question is whether the literary reviewer has become responsible only with public relations and the promotion of the book; more of a blurb generator - which means simple incandescent signaling - than analyzer.

Syntactic Metamorphosis : Clefts, Sluicing, and In-Situ Focus in Japanese

In this article, we propose that three types of focus constructions in Japanese-clefts, in-situ focus, and sluicing/stripping-share the same underlying structure and are derived by syntactic "metamorphosis" from one structure to another. After revealing similarities between cleft constructions and in-situ focus constructions, we specifically propose that the latter underlies the former, which is d

90-Day readmission after radical prostatectomy—a prospective comparison between robot-assisted and open surgery

Purpose: All types of surgery are associated with complications. The debate is ongoing whether robot-assisted radical prostatectomy can lower this risk compared to open surgery. The objective of the present study was to evaluate post-operative adverse events leading to readmissions, using clinical records to classify these adverse events systematically. Materials and methods: A prospective control

Empirical metronidazole for patients with severe bacterial infection : A systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

Background: Metronidazole is the preferred empirical anti-anaerobic agent for patients with suspected anaerobic infection. The balance between benefits and harms of empirical metronidazole is unclear. We aimed to assess patient-important benefits and harms of empirical metronidazole vs placebo/no treatment in adult patients with severe bacterial infection of any origin. Methods: We conducted a sys

The Fifth International Workshop on Ice Nucleation phase 2 (FIN-02) : Laboratory intercomparison of ice nucleation measurements

The second phase of the Fifth International Ice Nucleation Workshop (FIN-02) involved the gathering of a large number of researchers at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology's Aerosol Interactions and Dynamics of the Atmosphere (AIDA) facility to promote characterization and understanding of ice nucleation measurements made by a variety of methods used worldwide. Compared to the previous workshop

On CCE estimation of factor-augmented models when regressors are not linear in the factors

In empirical research it is often of interest to include non-linear functions of the explanatory variables, such as squares or interactions, in the specification. A popular technique to estimate such models in the presence of common factors is the Common Correlated Effects (CCE) methodology. However, this approach assumes that the regressors are linear in the factors, which is not the case if vari

Investigation of Ultrafast Molecular Dynamics via Covariance Mapping : A Tool for Intense XUV Light Sources

The study of molecular dynamics involves observations of the motion of nuclei and electrons. While nuclear motion is usually on the picosecond or femtosecond timescale, attosecond precision is necessary to directly observe the motion of electrons. Ultrashort laser pulses have become established as a viable tool for probing femtosecond dynamics by irradiating the target for only extremely short tim